First, the establishment of the theme and the choice of materials
About the theme. The theme of the investigation report should be consistent with the topic selection and conception before the investigation. Of course, after obtaining the survey data, you can re-recognize the problem and re-establish the theme. The requirements for creating a theme are:
First, the theme should have practical significance. Through investigation and study, an educational theory is put forward or verified to guide the current education and teaching. Even exploration should be forward-looking, not outdated and backward. Through investigation and study, the educational problems targeted by the proposal should be very urgent or unresolved for a long time and must be solved.
Second, the theme should reflect the survey data and fully explain the theme. The establishment of the theme should be based on the content of the survey data and can reflect the content of the survey data. The pre-assumption is inconsistent with the existing materials and should be revised according to the existing materials. Make the material fully explain the theme.
Third, the theme should be small rather than big. Small topics can be closely linked with educational practice, which can better obtain materials and make it easier to write. Large projects are time-consuming and laborious, and are only suitable for special education and scientific research departments to carry out research. For the majority of in-service teachers, the theme should be small rather than big.
About the choice of materials. Materials are the basis of establishing the theme, and the theme is the command of materials. The theme of the investigation report determines the choice of investigation materials. The requirements for selecting materials are:
First of all, the materials should be typical. There are a lot of data obtained from the investigation, and the sorted data should all be useful information. If you don't choose; Everything written in the article is bound to become a pile of materials. Therefore, we must choose the most convincing typical materials.
Second, the materials should be sufficient. The investigation report focuses on facts, and sufficient facts can explain the point of view well. Therefore, when writing an investigation report, we should let the full facts speak for themselves and avoid making the mistake of generalizing.
Second, the basic structure of the investigation report
The basic structure of education investigation report includes title, introduction, theme and ending.
I, write down this day.
The title is the facade of the article, and a good title can make people feel the significance of the investigation report at a glance. There are two ways to write a title. Namely, a single-line title and a two-line title.
(1) The single-line title is commonly known as the title, which either reveals the basic viewpoints of the investigation report, such as "graphic audio-visual physical education should be implemented in rural primary schools"; Or indicate the scope of the investigation, such as "investigation of arbitrary charges in rural primary and secondary schools in xx city"; Or add a title to the question to be investigated, such as "why is the burden getting heavier and heavier?"
(2) Double-line titles are also called positive and negative titles. The topic generally reveals the central content or basic viewpoint of the investigation report from the front or side, which is also called a virtual topic. It is usually written by symbols, metaphors and hints. Subtitles directly indicate the scope of investigation, also known as real questions. For example:
Go to the countryside and communicate with each other.
—— Investigation on counterpart education in XX city and XX county.
Pay attention to the use of restrictive words in the target title to ensure that readers can determine the significance of your survey from the scope of the survey.
Step 2 introduce
This is the beginning of the article. It is necessary to briefly introduce the survey, including the purpose, significance, time, place, object, scope, method and content. These aspects may not be complete, but we can introduce them according to the specific situation, or briefly introduce the investigation process; Or explain the survey results or basic views; Or put forward problems that are of great concern or urgent need to be solved in the field of education. The introduction should be straight to the point and concise.
3, the main body
In this part, the investigation materials should be systematically described and analyzed. There are two common structural ways. One is to describe the facts of the investigation first, and then analyze the problems according to the development order of the investigation process or events, and put forward questions, inspirations or conclusions worthy of consideration; The other is analysis and narration, which divides the material into several aspects and expounds the theme from different angles. If it is a long survey, there should be a subtitle, and the shorter one should have a central sentence at the beginning of the sentence, which is convenient for readers to read.
4 ending
The ending is the abbreviation of the full text. Common endings are: (1) inductive conclusion; (2) According to the conclusion of text analysis, put forward some problems or suggestions worth discussing; (3) Emphasize and highlight the opinions expressed or problems revealed in the article to attract attention.