Mencius believed that human nature is good. "Children love the people they love; And their elders, who all respect their brothers. Dear, benevolent; Respect is long, righteousness is also; Without him, it will reach the world. " Mencius endowed people with the nature of goodness and made the connotation: "compassion is the purpose of benevolence;" The words of the heart are the end of the ceremony; The heart of right and wrong is also the end of wisdom. Man has four ends, but he still has four bodies. "

This "four virtues" or "four virtues", that is, "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom", is a concentrated expression of good human nature. Mencius believes that the reason why a saint is a saint is only to expand the inner goodness of human beings. If ordinary people can also expand their inner goodness, they can also become saints. Mencius advocated expanding human nature through education.

Mencius believed that "the people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light". People think that monarchs should take care of the people first and politicians should protect their rights. "Kiss and be kind to the people", "Old people and old people, young people and young people". Benevolence is the political embodiment of this unbearable heart.

In terms of values, Mencius emphasized that giving oneself for righteousness, "life is what I want; Righteousness is also what I want. You can't have both, and those who give up their lives are also righteous. " Mencius also attached great importance to honesty and was not subject to the dishes from the nest. "Wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent."

Main impacts:

Mencius' main ideas are: benevolence, righteousness and goodness. Mencius' books are not all written by Mencius, but there are records of Mencius' disciples, which are undoubtedly Mencius' words and deeds. In the aspect of human nature, he advocates the theory of good nature, and thinks that people are born with four moral qualities: benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom. People can maintain and expand it through internal ellipsis, otherwise they will lose these good qualities. So he asked people to pay attention to the role of introspection.

In terms of values, he emphasized that giving oneself up for righteousness, "life is also what I want;" Righteousness is also what I want. You can't have both, and you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness. "Emphasize that you should use' ceremony' to restrain your words and deeds, and you can't give up the ceremony for superior material conditions." It doesn't matter to me if I accept it for ten thousand minutes without distinguishing propriety! "