1. It is difficult to change roles, and it is easy to produce job burnout.
The biggest difficulty for new teachers is to realize the role transformation from students to teachers. The essence of role transformation is the change of rights and obligations. The change of new teachers' roles means that they have to bear the social responsibility of teaching and educating people. The new curriculum requires teachers to tolerate new teachers and realize the transformation from traditional teaching teachers to inquiry and research teachers' professional identity. This is a very difficult course for new teachers.
First of all, new teachers strongly hope to be recognized by their peers, students, parents, schools and society, and finally realize their self-identity. However, teaching is a practical occupation. Due to lack of experience, new teachers are in the most vulnerable stage of their career development. Judging from the teaching effect, it is often half the effort, so it is mostly accompanied by strong frustration. This is not good for the growth of new teachers. Secondly, with the development of market economy in China, the gap between the rich and the poor is getting bigger and bigger. Teaching is a hard job, but the income is not high. In peer comparison, new teachers often have no psychological advantage. Third, teachers are the focus of the contradiction between supply and demand of education. China is a populous country, and teaching in large classes is very common in primary and secondary schools, so it is difficult for teachers to take care of every student. Therefore, the conflict between classes and disciplines on educational opportunities is concentrated on teachers, and new teachers are often tired of coping. All kinds of factors are easy to make them feel job burnout.
2. Business promotion is slow and professional development lags behind.
The slow improvement of new teachers' business is mainly manifested in two aspects: first, it is difficult to control classroom inquiry teaching; Second, in the face of their own professional development difficulties, they lack the ability to solve problems, that is, they don't know how to obtain resources to improve their professional level.
Because they can't freely control the teaching process, many new teachers tend to choose traditional teaching methods to minimize or even avoid teaching interaction in order to "smoothly" complete their teaching tasks. Although the new teachers' self-protection coping style can avoid the embarrassment of being "hung on the blackboard", it violates the educational concept of "taking students as the main body" in the new curriculum and does not conform to the laws of education and teaching, thus forming bad teaching habits at the early stage of teaching.
3. Lack of personal career planning.
"Teachers' career planning" is a process of continuous and systematic planning for teachers' own educational career and life, including three parts: career orientation, goal setting and channel design. Because the professional status of teachers in China has been established for a short time, and the importance of teachers' professional self-development is not well understood, many teachers lack subjective consciousness, their professional development is passive, their professional development planning is unscientific, and their professional level is slowly improved. Especially for new teachers, they are often accompanied by "frustration" and "powerlessness", which is not terrible. What is really terrible is that new teachers have a sense of helplessness, that is, they lack the ability to solve difficulties and don't know how to seek help, obtain resources and deal with crises.
New teachers generally underestimate the professional difficulty. Many people lack the awareness and ability of professional self-development and don't know how to plan their career. Due to the slow promotion of business, often accompanied by serious job burnout, the proportion of new teachers abandoning teaching in the teaching team is very high. This is undoubtedly a great waste of teachers.
How do new teachers overcome the above three problems?
As a special group, the professional development and professional progress of new teachers should not only respect the national conditions of China, but also learn from the latest frontier situation of international teachers' professional development, so as to lay the foundation for China to cultivate world-class teachers.
1. Establish professional ideals and strengthen the construction of teachers' morality.
New teachers should first set up correct career ideals. Career ideal is the premise of love and dedication. A new teacher who doesn't want to be a good teacher is not a good teacher. The ideal new teacher will pay attention to his own professional ethics construction. The Outline of Education Planning clearly points out that "the development of education gives priority to the development of moral education". Moral education and the construction of teachers' morality are the most important. In the new round of teacher performance evaluation in China, teachers' morality has also been put in the first place. All countries in the world also attach great importance to the construction of teachers' morality. For example, Ontario, Canada evaluates new teachers from five aspects: "sense of responsibility and dedication to students and their learning;" Professional knowledge; Professional practice; Teamwork and continuous career development. " Among them, the construction of teachers' morality ranks first.
"Without love, there is no education". The basis of "love" is "understanding and respect". We should understand the characteristics of students' physical and mental development, their common problems and individual differences, respect their choices and provide opportunities for their diversified development. "Love students" means treating every student fairly. Even in large classes, we should pay attention to every student as much as possible and provide every student with equal learning opportunities. Cicero, a famous politician and philosopher in ancient Rome, said: "Justice is the most prestigious virtue among all kinds of virtues." Only by being fair, just, understanding and respectful can new teachers gain the respect and love of students. This is the basis of establishing a good teacher-student relationship, which is the most powerful guarantee to achieve the ideal teaching effect.
2. Clear career development direction and clear career planning.
The core proposition of teachers' career planning is teachers' professional development, and the fundamental path is teachers' professional development autonomy. "Teachers' professional development autonomy" means that "teachers can make goals and plans suitable for their professional development independently of external pressure, choose the learning content they need, and have the will and ability to put the goals and plans into practice". As the main body of professional development, new teachers need to make clear their own professional development direction, make reasonable and feasible professional development plans on the basis of correct analysis of their professional foundation, and improve their professional quality and level through horizontal comparison, self-reflection and self-evaluation. The biggest obstacle of new teachers' professional development is: lack of clear problem diagnosis ability for their own professional development, inability to grasp their own professional development direction, and difficulty in making reasonable career plans.
Only by clarifying the content and direction of their professional development can new teachers clarify their own problems, clarify their development goals, effectively manage their own time, persist in practice and achieve business promotion in the complicated teaching phenomena and busy daily teaching work.
3. Pay attention to teaching reflection, develop good professional habits and realize sustainable development.
Posner, a famous American scholar, believes that diligent reflection is the only way for teachers to grow up. "Teacher growth = experience+reflection" means that teaching is practical knowledge, experience is the basis of reflection, and reflection is the sublimation of practice and the soul of teaching improvement.
The most important problem that new teachers need to solve in the process of personal growth reflection is "what to reflect and how to reflect". What new teachers need to reflect on is their own professional development orientation, and the core issue is to develop good teaching behavior habits. For example, new teachers should devote themselves to forming the habit of respecting students. The first condition of respect is "understanding". New teachers should be able to make use of students' advantages and needs on the basis of understanding students and promote their healthy development. For another example, new teachers should strive to form a habit: to master students' common misconceptions; And can use "students' wrong ideas" to design teaching programs and create cognitive conflicts; And encourage students to take the initiative to explore with questions; So that it can independently correct the original concept and form a new correct concept. Only actively formed knowledge is firm and stable.
New teachers should devote themselves to constantly improving their self-reflection ability. Only by continuous reflection and continuous practice on the basis of reflection can we realize the sustainable development of our profession. We need to start from three aspects: first, insist on daily reflection; According to the theme of new teachers' professional development, we should formulate a "personal professional development reflection scale", clarify the purpose and direction of self-development reflection, and realize scientific self-reflection. Second, read widely and keep learning. Educators at home and abroad all emphasize that teachers should read widely. For example, Suhomlinski suggested that teachers "should regard reading as the first spiritual need and food for the hungry". Reading enriches people, and rich knowledge provides nutrients for reflection. Third, new teachers should devote themselves to improving their critical thinking ability.