Paper 1: Reflections on the Education of Left-behind Children in Rural Areas
So-called? Left-behind children refer to children whose parents or one of them moved to other places, and whose children stayed at their domicile and could not live with their parents.
In recent years, with the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure and the acceleration of urbanization, population migration and mobility have become increasingly frequent. A large number of migrant workers have left their homes to engage in secondary and tertiary industries in cities, and most of their children stay in their hometowns, forming a special group? Children left behind in rural areas.
This huge rural area? Many children in the left-behind children's team can't enjoy the happiness of their peers because of the defects in family life and education? Flower season? Can't enjoy normal family care in rainy season, rural areas? Left-behind children are like grass in the countryside, which grows spontaneously in a complex social environment.
How to educate the countryside well? The healthy growth of left-behind children has become a social problem that cannot be ignored.
First, the problems in the education of left-behind children in rural areas
1. Poor guardianship makes it difficult to effectively protect the physical and mental safety of left-behind children in rural areas.
The child is a minor, and his physical and mental development is not yet complete. They should grow up under the dual supervision of family and school. They still lack enough judgment and resistance to all kinds of complicated phenomena in society, and need the correct education and guidance of adults.
Therefore, only under the mutual cooperation, supplement and coordination of family guardianship and school guardianship can they obtain a relatively healthy growth environment.
Most of the left-behind children are extensively managed, and they only care about eating, dressing and keeping warm, while the more important psychological needs and development are often ignored, which can not be coordinated with school supervision and will bring many hidden dangers.
In recent years, accidents such as drowning, electric shock and suicide of left-behind children have occurred from time to time, especially in the period of blank school supervision in winter and summer vacations.
2. Education is imperfect, and there is a theory that reading is useless in some rural areas.
Modern educational theory holds that education includes family education, school education and social education, but left-behind children in rural areas have serious defects and deficiencies in these three aspects.
3. Weakening of family education
Family is the cradle of children's success, and parents are their first teachers.
Family education is the foundation of school education, and a good family environment can make children more confident and active in school study. However, parents of rural left-behind children who go out to work rarely have contact with their children, and they cannot directly participate in their children's learning and physical and mental development.
Therefore, the function of family education in cultivating children's basic life skills, social norms and good moral sentiments has been greatly weakened.
4. School education? A tree is hard to support?
The project of educating children cannot be completed by schools alone. Family education occupies a very important position. Parents of left-behind children can't often participate in their children's education, so school education becomes? A tree is hard to support? It may lead to some left-behind children not listening to the teacher's advice and going their own way, which will greatly reduce the educational effect.
5. Social orientation deviation
With the rapid development of society, after entering the information age, the internet cafes, game halls and dance halls around primary and secondary schools are simply for children? Pandora's box? .
Some children without parental supervision may be addicted to it, and even get into bad habits such as fighting, gambling and drinking.
Once instigated by some lawless elements in society, it is easy to do illegal things.
Some left-behind children think that reading is useless, and their parents earn a lot of money and don't read any books. You can take this road in the future, so you are tired of learning and even play truant.
New? Reading is useless? A strong wind blew in some rural areas.
There are many rural teenagers in the country who go to the society after graduating from primary school and become a new labor force with low cultural quality.
This will not only seriously hinder children's future growth, but also restrict the improvement of rural population quality and the sustainable development of rural economy.
Second, thoughts and suggestions on the education of left-behind children in rural areas
In view of these problems in the education of left-behind children in rural areas, we should have the following countermeasures:
1. Do you care? Left-behind children
The government can set up schools for children of migrant workers in cities with many migrant workers, so that children can live and study with their parents. It should also increase capital investment in rural education and encourage aspiring college students to teach in rural areas, thus improving the quality of rural education.
It is necessary to strengthen the education of rural grassroots minors, coordinate all forces, give special care to left-behind children, carry out beneficial collective activities, and gradually establish a social guardianship system.
2. Improve school education and establish a school monitoring network.
Schools should strengthen students' mental health education, such as conducting mental health education classes and setting up mental health consultation rooms, so that teachers can learn how to carry out mental health education for students and effectively solve children's psychological intractable diseases.
Strengthen the contact between home and school, communicate and care for left-behind children in time.
Establish special files for left-behind children, learn more about their family and psychological conditions, and pay attention to their growth and changes, so as to guide education in time and make up for the lack of family education.
Enrich after-school cultural life, attract left-behind children to participate in civilized and healthy activities, integrate into the collective, eliminate their sense of loneliness and inferiority, attach importance to running rural parent schools, communicate with parents or other guardians of left-behind children regularly, and guide them to carry out correct family education.
3. Schools should seize the opportunity to strengthen, right? (of ancient ministers) acting for the emperor in his absence.
Young children? Weekend follow-up management organizes teachers to go deep into the families of left-behind children, guides guardians to correctly educate and guide children, pays attention to children's weekend activities, and keeps in touch regularly.
Guardians should also pay attention to their dynamics, exchange information with the school in time, find mistakes and help correct them in time.
4. Public security, justice, courts, industry and commerce, culture, etc.
Relevant departments should assist in management. All departments should carry out their duties, manage the surrounding environment and entertainment places of the campus, eradicate the sources that endanger the healthy growth of young people, urge all localities to prohibit minors from entering and leaving, regularly carry out legal education and publicity, and take the form of case education.
Care for left-behind children, pay attention to the growth of minors and give children a good environment for healthy growth.
5. Strengthen family education guidance
Women's federations, working committees and other institutions in charge of family education should put the family education of left-behind children on the agenda, strengthen the guidance of family education for parents and temporary guardians, integrate township resources to establish rural parents' schools and family education consultation and guidance stations, mobilize tutor volunteers to act as acting parents and voluntary counselors, care about the thoughts, study and behavior habits of left-behind children, and let every child grow up healthily physically and mentally.
6. Settings? Home phone?
Kindergarten can be run? Home phone? This activity allows the class teacher to contact parents by phone every month to give feedback on their children's study and life. At the same time, parents are also required to call or write to their children every month to encourage them to overcome difficulties and keep abreast of their physical and mental development.
Parents often keep in touch with the school and share the responsibility of education.
Third, the conclusion
It is urgent to solve the education problem of left-behind children, which is not only related to the construction of new socialist countryside, but also to the stability and development of the whole society.
No country has ever combined education with the prosperity of this nation like China, and no country has ever faced such a thorny problem of left-behind children like China.
Solving the education problem of left-behind children is the common responsibility of the whole society and needs joint efforts.
Paper 2: Rural preschool education development status and influencing factors
Abstract: China's rural preschool education started late, and its development speed is relatively slow.
From this point of view, this paper carefully analyzes the problems existing in rural preschool education in China.
Among them, the problems mainly include: insufficient students, backward hardware facilities, insufficient resources for kindergarten teachers and so on.
Starting from the problems encountered at present, this paper expounds in detail the reasons for the problems existing in rural preschool education.
This paper puts forward some suggestions by analyzing the problems and reasons in the development of rural preschool education in China.
I hope it can help to improve rural preschool education.
[Keywords:] rural areas; Early childhood education; Current situation; cause analysis
First, the status quo of rural preschool education
(A) the number of students in rural preschool education is small.
In the process of economic development, there is a gap between urban and rural economic development.
Many rural laborers flood into cities to work. Some children stay in the countryside and are taken care of by grandparents, while others are taken to cities by their parents.
Although the children brought to the city do not have a fixed school, parents still hope to take their children to receive a good education.
On the other hand, with the development of economy, many township kindergartens have gradually prospered, and many rural children have been sent to urban kindergartens.
All these factors have reduced the number of children in rural areas.
(2) The hardware infrastructure is weak.
The development of children is not only related to the education of school parents, but also related to the environment in which children live.
The school environment is particularly important for children's physical and mental development.
However, in rural kindergartens, there are fewer public kindergartens; Due to the small scale of private kindergartens, many kindergartens have only 2-3 classes and the number of teachers is 2-3.