Because the new curriculum standard has clearly pointed out that "writing is for self-expression and communication with people", writing is a simulated attempt to communicate with people; Moreover, in the cognitive teaching theory, "the basis of learning is the inner psychological structure of learners", so interest is the best teacher, which just reflects the humanity of Chinese curriculum. So how to cultivate primary school students' interest in writing? The most important thing is to encourage them to write what they want to say, imagine, and know and feel about things around them.
In particular, we should affirm creative expressions and arouse their enthusiasm for writing. According to their expressed wishes, they overcame their fear of writing a composition.
The suggestion of advocating "putting it first and then collecting it" in writing teaching is to provide a platform for primary school students to learn to express their true feelings, stimulate their interest, and then slowly move closer to the examination of questions, thus solving the embarrassing situation of "nothing to say" in writing. Being interested is only the psychological need of writing, but it needs a big leap in writing thinking.
For primary school students' writing foundation, the first important thing is to pay attention to basic skills training: word formation, sentence formation and writing. These are all essential practice processes.
The combination of words reflects the charm of the combination between words. For example, the verb-object collocation is the expression of action, and the biased structure is the role of polishing. Making sentences, especially expanding sentences, cultivates pupils' creative thinking and trains their imagination.
The statement is required to be orderly and clearly show the logical order. These trainings are based on their concern for the surrounding environment and daily life, enriching their knowledge and learning to accumulate writing materials.
Therefore, as a teacher, we must give appropriate guidance from the connection of life and expand the content of writing. The interest generated and the training of basic skills do not represent the writing of an assignment, but only the completion of the assignment.
To write a good exercise, it is essential to use writing skills. Writing skills vary according to the content.
If you write about people, you must grasp people's personality characteristics and thoughts and feelings, from appearance, action, language and psychological activities; Write, pay attention to the integrity of the event, explain the time, place, people and events clearly, and grasp the key points; Scenery pays attention to the characteristics of shape, color, sound, stillness and movement and the reasonable arrangement of spatial order. But these are all theoretical explanations. If you just do this step without going down, it will make students feel empty and abstract.
So what should we do next? I advocate imitation-it's a good way to train their writing skills. Imitate the template, first give the model essay, then talk about the rules, and finally enter the actual operation, away from the abstraction of the theory, and at the same time let them master the writing rules invisibly.
When they master the skills of each lesson, their role as teachers is highlighted-guiding them to flexibly choose their own skills and ideas, knowing how to write, and promoting students' personality development. Writing teaching is an inexhaustible topic, and the method of teaching primary school students to write is also a paradox.
However, the key to this link is the correct guidance of the teacher-the teacher is the best enlightener.
2. How to teach primary school students to read and write, or to stimulate interest, is a recognized truth in writing teaching. Because the new curriculum standard has clearly pointed out that "writing is for self-expression and communication with people", writing is a simulated attempt to communicate with people; Moreover, in the cognitive teaching theory, "the basis of learning is the inner psychological structure of learners", so interest is the best teacher, which just reflects the humanity of Chinese curriculum.
So how to cultivate primary school students' interest in writing? The most important thing is to encourage them to write what they want to say, imagine, and know and feel about things around them. In particular, we should affirm creative expressions and arouse their enthusiasm for writing. According to their expressed wishes, they overcame their fear of writing a composition. The suggestion of advocating "putting it first and then collecting it" in writing teaching is to provide a platform for primary school students to learn to express their true feelings, stimulate their interest, and then slowly move closer to the examination of questions, thus solving the embarrassing situation of "nothing to say" in writing.
Being interested is only the psychological need of writing, but it needs a big leap in writing thinking. For primary school students' writing foundation, the first important thing is to pay attention to basic skills training: word formation, sentence formation and writing. These are all essential practice processes.
The combination of words reflects the charm of the combination between words. For example, the verb-object collocation is the expression of action, and the biased structure is the role of polishing. Making sentences, especially expanding sentences, cultivates pupils' creative thinking and trains their imagination. The statement is required to be orderly and clearly show the logical order. These trainings are based on their concern for the surrounding environment and daily life, enriching their knowledge and learning to accumulate writing materials. Therefore, as a teacher, we must give appropriate guidance from the connection of life and expand the content of writing.
The interest generated and the training of basic skills do not represent the writing of an assignment, but only the completion of the assignment. To write a good exercise, it is essential to use writing skills.
Writing skills vary according to the content. If you write about people, you must grasp people's personality characteristics and thoughts and feelings, from appearance, action, language and psychological activities; Write, pay attention to the integrity of the event, explain the time, place, people and events clearly, and grasp the key points; Scenery pays attention to the characteristics of shape, color, sound, stillness and movement and the reasonable arrangement of spatial order. But these are all theoretical explanations. If you just do this step without going down, it will make students feel empty and abstract. So what should we do next? I advocate imitation-it's a good way to train their writing skills. Imitate the template, first give the model essay, then talk about the rules, and finally enter the actual operation, away from the abstraction of the theory, and at the same time let them master the writing rules invisibly. When they master the skills of each lesson, their role as teachers is highlighted-guiding them to flexibly choose their own skills and ideas, knowing how to write, and promoting students' personality development.
Writing teaching is an inexhaustible topic, and the method of teaching primary school students to write is also a paradox. However, the key to this link is the correct guidance of the teacher-the teacher is the best enlightener.
3. How to teach primary school reading and composition. The golden key Chinese teaching has spent a lot of time on reading teaching, but students' writing ability is generally low.
What is the reason? Careful analysis is mainly because reading teaching and composition teaching are regarded as two unrelated things; Reading teaching is improper, and the relationship between reading and composition is not handled well. Mr. Ye Shengtao once said: What is reading? It is absorption.
Just as eating every day is to absorb nutrients, reading is to absorb spiritual nutrients ... what is writing? It's expression. Take out what's in your head and let everyone know. You can use your mouth or a pen.
Reading and writing, absorption and expression, one is in, from outside to inside, the other is outside, from inside to outside. These two things are often needed in any job.
He also pointed out that "actually, writing is based on reading. The teacher teaches well and the students read well before they write well. "
Therefore, it is not difficult to see that in Chinese teaching, students should not only be taught to read, but also be taught to write. The third grade is the primary stage for students to learn to write a composition. If the relationship between reading and composition is well handled and scientific and efficient training methods are formulated, students' fear of difficulties can be eliminated, their writing ability can be greatly improved, and students can regard writing as their wishes and needs.
In practical teaching, we should do two things well. 1. Infiltrate and accumulate language guidance in reading teaching. Reading and writing are a mutual process.
Reading is understanding and absorption, and writing is understanding and expression. Only by full absorption can expression be more powerful.
Therefore, "reading is the basis of writing." Based on this understanding, in reading teaching, we should infiltrate and accumulate language guidance in reading training according to the requirements of the syllabus.
The richer the students' language inventory is, the broader their thinking field will be. Whether speaking or writing, they will have greater flexibility, and they will be able to make appropriate choices and accurately call words at any time, thus combining vivid, vivid and aesthetic words. Classroom reading teaching is the "main battlefield" to guide students to learn to accumulate languages. Teachers should guide students to acquire rich languages, master accumulation methods, guide students to read more and recite more, read more famous books in various forms, and read more wonderful parts until they can recite them, so that the language and words in the text can be printed in students' minds as much as possible.
Guide students to extract words and sentences, ask students to have an extract book, and guide students to record good words and sentences in the book, so as to combine notes with brain memory. Instruct reading, writing and reading. After reading the text, the third grade Chinese textbook lists a dozen words or a few beautiful words, and puts forward the requirements of reading, writing and reading.
Teachers should arrange time for students to be familiar with reading and copying, and it is best to write it down by heart. Words extracted from the book also need to be read and recited more.
Second, the guidance of infiltrating writing practice in reading teaching Ye Shengtao said: "Chinese textbooks are nothing more than an example. With this example, students should be able to draw inferences and practice reading and writing skills. " Therefore, writing practice guidance should be infiltrated in reading training.
According to the characteristics of teaching materials, the combination of reading and writing is carefully selected to provide students with effective reference objects and creative basis, so that students can practice imitation and creative use in time, making language use practice become living water, rooted in trees, rather than isolated, with remarkable results. As Teacher Ding Youkuan said: "Reading and writing are combined to complement each other, and reading and writing are separated, and both lose."
In reading, we can infiltrate composition practice guidance from the following aspects: 1. Instruct the use of newly learned words and sentence patterns to practice speaking and writing, which can be representative theoretical writing or creative speaking and writing. For example, in the class of "Visiting the Great Hall of the People", after the students understood the meaning of the word "dazzling", the teacher gave further guidance: Teacher: Why did I see dazzling? Health: Because the pillars are engraved with golden flowers and colorful paintings.
Health: Because golden flowers are colorful and beautiful. Health: I think not only many colors look good, but also many forms of golden flowers. There must be many beautiful patterns in color paintings.
So "I" will be dazzled. Teacher: The beautiful golden flowers dazzle me. Students, please recall, have you ever been dazzled? Health: There are so many goods in the shopping mall that I am dazzled.
Health: Every autumn, Jinshui Lake holds a chrysanthemum exhibition. Beautiful chrysanthemums were put into various shapes by uncles and aunts, which dazzled me.
The reason why students can talk endlessly is because teachers provide students with "examples" of imitation and creative use. Students have examples to imitate. Under the proper guidance of teachers, they can gradually overcome their fear of difficulties and boldly practice speaking and writing. In the third grade Chinese textbook, sentence-making exercises of certain words are arranged in after-class exercises. In my opinion, these words are not enough.
Teachers should seriously explore the hidden training factors in teaching materials and train students in many aspects. Of course, the premise is that it must conform to the cognitive level of third-grade students and their own life experience, and should not be encouraged. 2. Guide to imitate the learned paragraph structure and text structure, and practice speaking and writing new content.
The third grade composition training focuses on writing fragments, and it is necessary to determine how to say and write, and the writing fragments should be specific and clear. In teaching, we should highlight the focus of paragraph training, carry out paragraph training in a down-to-earth manner, and combine reading, writing and training.
Teacher Ding Youkuan believes that junior three students should focus on practicing four structural segments: continuity, juxtaposition, total score, generality and concreteness. These four structural paragraphs are all in the third grade Chinese textbook, and the teacher should arrange the students to practice step by step in a planned way.
(1) A paragraph with continuous structure means that there are several layers in a paragraph, which means that it is written one after another in order. This is also a structural paragraph that primary school students must master and is often used in writing. There are typical continuous structure paragraphs in the texts such as Love between Teachers and Students, Song of the Sea, Operating Table is the Position, The Story of Making a Windmill, In the Rain, When the Plane is in Distress, etc. Teachers can arrange imitation training when students understand paragraphs, such as writing a paragraph on the topic of washing handkerchiefs, cleaning and raising the national flag, closely following students' study life, and asking students to do so.
The teacher taught me how to read and write. My Chinese teacher is Miss Rui. She is gentle, generous and amiable. If I don't understand anything, just ask her, and she will take pains to explain it to me until I understand it.
Most students in our class (including me) are formalism when they study, and they just skim over idioms and words they don't know or understand. They don't look up dictionaries and materials carefully, so their vocabulary is not rich and their words are rustic. Although some people study hard, they read comic books and joke books that are useless to their studies as soon as they walk in ... Others read books and articles that they just finished, and later they don't even remember the topics. It's a waste of time to look at them, and it has no effect at all.
After investigation, Mr. Rui earnestly taught us: "To study, we must first choose books that are helpful and have context." When reading, we must put aside our silent reading teacher-dictionary, ask the "silent reading teacher" for unknown words and expressions, and we must get to the bottom of it, so as to learn more knowledge. If possible, we can also check it online. Secondly, after reading the article several times, draw good words and sentences, write down your experiences and feelings next to the sentences that you feel the deepest or most, and write a comment as a whole; Finally, the most crucial step is to extract the good words, sentences and paragraphs you have extracted in an orderly way, read them several times until you feel that you have read them well and remember the general meaning. It's really good and can be used in composition after memorizing it. " I keep my teacher's words firmly in mind and apply them to real life.
Sure enough, what the teacher said was completely correct. In just one month, my writing and reading skills have advanced by leaps and bounds. Even I can't believe it's true. The article "My Reading Hobby" won the first prize in essay writing, and the essay contest "Reading makes me happy" won the second prize. I even published several essays about the river. It has been well received by netizens. In the past, seven or eight points were deducted from reading questions, but now only four or five points are deducted at most.
Teacher Rui, you taught me to read, and these benefits are the fruits of your hard education. Here, I just want to say sincerely: "Mr. Rui, thank you for your teaching!" You have worked hard! " .
5. How to infiltrate composition teaching in reading teaching "Composition teaching should be closely coordinated with reading teaching.
In reading teaching, students should be guided to learn the author's methods of observing things, analyzing things, choosing words and making sentences, connecting sentences into paragraphs and connecting paragraphs into articles. In composition teaching, students should be guided to apply the basic skills learned from reading to their own compositions. "
A simple sentence tells the close relationship between reading and writing. But now many Chinese reading classes pay too much attention to content and emotion, rather than teaching language, writing and expression.
However, in composition teaching, we only pay attention to the study of how to give a good composition instruction class, and do not pay attention to teaching students to learn composition from frequent and large-scale reading teaching. "Writing is difficult" has become a common aspiration of students. It can be seen that the crux of the difficulty in composition lies in reading teaching.
So, how to infiltrate composition teaching in reading? Ye Shengtao once said: "Textbooks are nothing more than an example." Since it is an example, it means that there is a certain rule, which means it is a demonstration.
From "examples", we can feel the charm of language, understand the expressed ideas and imitate the writing skills ... In short, "examples" are the bridge between students' reading and writing. Therefore, we should pay equal attention to reading and writing in daily reading teaching, organically combine the tasks of reading teaching and composition teaching, and scientifically combine the teaching of Chinese knowledge with the training of basic skills of composition, so that students can understand writing skills in reading teaching and write with what they have learned, thus gradually improving their writing level.
6. How to teach writing in reading teaching Reading and writing are two aspects of Chinese teaching. In other words, reading and writing are indispensable in Chinese teaching. Reading is the basis and reference of writing, and writing is the sublimation and creation of reading. "Study hard and avoid writing" shows the close relationship between reading and writing. Mr. Ye Shengtao said: "Students must be able to read and write. Therefore, Chinese classes are specially set up to train them. Reading and writing are the eternal theme and refuge of Chinese teaching, and their importance is self-evident. However, in actual Chinese teaching, what often puzzles Chinese teachers is which is more important? In the process of Chinese teaching, reading for reading and writing for writing are often separated and unilateral. As a result, a lot of energy is spent on training and cultivating students' ability, and the effect is not good. In Chinese teaching, although they undertake different teaching tasks, each has its own emphasis. Reading teaching focuses on cultivating students' understanding ability, while composition teaching focuses on cultivating students' expression ability. However, they promote each other and depend on each other. From reading, we can learn the methods of writing, and through writing, we can improve our reading ability. Therefore, we must combine them closely in teaching. First, many students are afraid that writing is a prominent confusion and phenomenon, and "nothing in the stomach, no food to cook" is the key to this problem. Naturally, you can't write wonderful articles. One of the effective ways to help students break through this writing bottleneck is to guide students to read more and accumulate more. "Reading is like writing" is a well-known truth. Su Shi, a great scholar in the Song Dynasty, said, "Learn from others, absorb in writing, and fully enrich the accumulated materials". Mr. Ye Shengtao said, "Reading is absorption, writing is pouring out, and whether pouring out conforms to the law is obviously closely related to absorption." These are discussing and emphasizing the close relationship between reading and writing, and emphasizing the importance of reading for writing. The new curriculum standard clearly points out that it is necessary to cultivate students' extensive reading interest, expand their reading range and increase their reading volume, and advocate doing less questions, reading more books, reading good books and reading whole books. It is also the fundamental reason of China's educational thought. Doing fewer questions is the "means" and reading more is the "purpose". It is necessary to spend more time for students to read more good books, recite more famous books, accumulate more poems and sentences, and accumulate more solidly. "Doing fewer questions and reading more" is also a practical method to learn from China's traditional education, that is, to preserve its essence and make the past serve the present. The new curriculum standard emphasizes Chinese. And made specific provisions: junior high school students should read no less than 2.6 million words after class, read 2-3 famous books every academic year, and put forward constructive suggestions for students' extracurricular reading. This important reform cuts to the point that students only pay attention to classroom model essay teaching and ignore extracurricular reading, and students have insufficient reading. The combination of inside and outside the classroom and inside and outside the books fully embodies "learning in class and benefiting outside the classroom", which points out the direction for students to learn Chinese well and improve their reading and writing ability. Therefore, in Chinese teaching, we should guide students to broaden their horizons by reading more books and accumulating more writing materials, and help them to accumulate good writing materials such as diction, careful thinking and wonderful reasoning, which is also an effective way to solve the problem of students' "having food to do" and writing without worry. With this example, students should be able to draw inferences and practice reading and writing skills (Ye Shengtao) ". Textbooks are the golden key to students' reading and writing wisdom. Especially, the updated Chinese textbooks are full of beautiful chapters, which contain infinite ideological strength, emotional strength and writing wisdom. In reading teaching, cameras can be used for composition guidance and composition training. Improve students' writing level and skills. First, the writing methods and knowledge in lens-guided reading teaching. For example, how to describe people and things, how to explain things in an orderly way, how to choose materials for writing, how to organize articles ... Many texts are classic examples in this regard. In the process of learning and understanding these classic articles, you can learn these related writing knowledge. Second, you can grasp the opportunity and combination point in the process of reading to train your composition. For example, we can learn wonderful language in text learning and train our own language imitation in time to train students' language expression ability. Use the blanks in the text to let students fill in the blanks, continue to write, imagine and create new ideas, and cultivate students' imagination and creativity; Copying texts close to students' cognitive level and real life can train students' ability to plan and conceive articles. For example, after learning Zhu Ziqing's Spring, students can write Imitation of Autumn, learn Mr. Wen Yiduo's Thinking and Doing, and students can also write My Thinking and Doing. And students can generally write better compositions. In the process of learning the text, let students comment on the content, writing skills and wonderful sentences of the text to improve their ability to appreciate the composition. By discovering and grasping these opportunities, we can carry out writing training in time and organically combine reading and writing. Third, we should accumulate and experience the thickness of students' composition ideas (concepts) through reading. The thickness of language is the thickness of thought, and the beauty of language is the beauty of wisdom. It is a common phenomenon that students' writing thoughts are superficial. It is not a day's work to make the ideas of the composition thick. In reading teaching, students are guided to deeply understand the text, absorb the nectar of thoughts and form scientific humanistic values. Cultivate students' critical thinking ability through multiple interpretations of text personality; By guiding students to analyze things from reason to reason and from scenery to reason, we can cultivate students' ability to analyze problems ... Reading can experience and enrich students' thoughts. Only in the teaching of reading can students be guided to "practice thousands of songs and watch Wan Jian", understand in reading, write in reading, and practice reading skillfully, can students put on a wonderful composition.
7. How to teach children to write a composition?
The following is my experience for your reference.
Children in lower grades begin to read synchronized compositions, which can be imitated. Training children to tell stories is good for writing.
Senior children. Be sure to practice your pen frequently.
1, a good article comes from life, write what you see and hear; Write your own personal experience; Write your true feelings, so that the article will be vivid and touching.
2. Writing is not accomplished overnight. But in the face of today's exam-oriented education, we might as well learn some skills. For example, recite more paragraphs at ordinary times, with a good beginning and a good ending. To prepare for the exam.
3. Read more, study hard and learn from it. Good articles, good words and sentences, learn to accumulate.
4. Create a novel and unique article title. Sometimes you can get twice the result with half the effort.
Keeping a diary can not only practice writing, but also accumulate materials.
6. Learn to quote famous sayings and immortal poems to make your article more convincing.
7. Usage of good words and sentences. Good words and sentences used in the article can add color and sublimation to your article. But it should be just right, not too much, too much will appear flashy.
8. apply what you have learned, that is, the ability to change, and change with the same.
9, close to nature, go out for a walk more during the holidays, see more and learn more.
10, being close to nature can also make your collected materials more colorful.
References:
give rise to
I hope my answer can help you, and I wish you progress in your study!
8. How to teach Chinese reading and writing:
First of all, the teacher should make clear the test sites for the senior high school entrance examination and inform the students, so that both teachers and students can know fairly well.
Explanatory essays, argumentative essays, narrative essays, novels, essays ... Different genres of articles have different test sites. Only by defining the test sites can we have a clear goal in reading training and seize the test sites for training.
For example, the test sites of explanatory writing are-the object, method and function, language, order, structure and so on. Different types of questions will be produced according to different test sites, or the objects, characteristics, methods and functions of the questions will be pointed out.
Secondly, when training, we should carry out targeted special training. There are many such reading training books. Or search online for training questions in this area.
In addition, we should make full use of the teaching materials in our hands at ordinary times, and keep close to the outline when learning every text and carry out purposeful reading training. The syllabus often has clear teaching requirements for cultivating students' reading ability.
Second, writing.
1 Understand the outline requirements carefully and know what the training points are in different academic years; It is necessary to clarify the test sites for the senior high school entrance examination and know what the final exam is.
2 Writing training should be targeted and planned. Step by step.
Be sure to identify a training point every time you train, and don't be greedy. For example, this time it is mainly to train narrative ability and explain the six elements of narrative, which can be emphasized; Next time, I will mainly train the description of characters-action description, language description, psychological description, expression description and so on. So, just focus on training this point. ...
As for writing skills, don't teach too much at once, just one at a time. Ask students to use this technique in writing, and ask them to comment on whether they use this technique when correcting their compositions.
When learning the text, we should also infiltrate the knowledge of writing, learn the skills of planning and arranging the text, and master the language skills.
5 composition, but also requires frequent. For example, you can organize students to review an article once a week.
Students can make their own comments from two aspects: ideological content and writing skills, and then let their peers, group leaders and study Committee members make comments. Finally, the whole class showed exchanges and teachers and students commented together. Let the students' labor achievements be fully displayed.
In order to ensure the quality and efficiency of writing and marking, it is carried out in class. Composition preparation is arranged before class.
Excellent compositions can be recommended for publication in school journals or other publications. To motivate students.
The above is my humble opinion on Qiuxue Lake. Hope criticism and correction!
9. Ye Wenling taught me to read and write. Ye Wenling taught me to read a good book, which contains rich knowledge and good feelings.
Reading a good book is to cross time and space and talk to a wise and noble person. What a wonderful thing! Successful people at all times and all over the world like reading and are good at drawing nutrition from books, thus embarking on the road to success. This semester, an article by Ye Wenling told us her reading methods.
In the article My Longevity Fruit, Ye Wenling compared books to the longevity fruit of human civilization. She said that when she was studying, she developed a good habit of taking notes.
And this good habit not only exercises her memory, but also enhances her understanding ability. That's not all the benefits she got from reading.
She is also obsessed with reading, and her composition is often among the best in her class. She also realized two points in writing a composition: writing a composition should have a distinct "fresh" flavor.
You also need to add true feelings, which are your own painstaking creation. It's really touching.
But my reading method is just the opposite of Ye Wenling's. I never take notes when reading, and I never think when reading. I just read quickly, not to mention writing a composition. Not only do I have no intention, but the plot is also very old-fashioned.
Moreover, when * * * is true, there is no gorgeous language modification. It's really a book that won't be so annoying after use! So the article written is not good at all. So, I began to gradually develop the habit of thinking carefully and taking notes frequently when reading.
Sure enough, I can use more written language when I write my composition. Reading questions in exams don't often make mistakes.
Memory and comprehension have also improved a lot. These have benefited people a lot.
However, it is far from enough to just do this, because persistence is the most important thing in reading, and only persistence can succeed.