1 literature

China's first champion, Sanyuan and its capital were born in the Tang Dynasty. They were the grandsons of the No.1 scholar in 622 AD (Yan Kangcheng in 65 1 year) and the No.1 scholar in 78 1 year.

The most remarkable literary achievement of the Tang Dynasty can be described by Tang poetry. Since Chen Ziang and the "four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty", famous poets in the Tang Dynasty have emerged one after another. Li Bai, Du Fu, Cen Can and Wang Wei in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Li He, Han Yu, Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi in the middle Tang Dynasty, and Li Shangyin and Du Mu in the late Tang Dynasty are several representative poets.

These poets have different poetic styles, including rich imagination of the mythical world and vivid description of real life, including passionate frontier poems, gloomy and heavy "poetic history" and fresh and refined pastoral poems.

These poems together constitute an outstanding representative of China's ancient literature. Although there were still outstanding poets in the Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the overall level of regular poetry and classical poetry was not as good as that of the Tang Dynasty, which made Tang poetry an insurmountable peak of classical poetry in China. Luoyang, Chang 'an and Jinling are the big cities with the largest number of "complete Tang poems".

2. Art

Zhang Xuan's "The Picture of the Lady of the State of Guo You Chun" absorbed the characteristics of the western regions and religious colors, so the art of the Tang Dynasty was very different from that of the previous generation. In the early Tang Dynasty, Yan and Yan Lide were good at figure painting. Wu Daozi is known as "the sage in the painting". He is good at figures and scenery, and absorbs the techniques of western painting school. His paintings are full of three-dimensional sense, and sometimes he says "Wu takes the lead".

Natalie mainly paints ladies-in-waiting, and his representative works include Tao Ren Map, The Lady of Guo You Chun Map, The Lady of Flowers Map, etc. The poet Wang Wei is good at ink and wash landscape painting, and Su Shi called him "painting with poetry".

The cause of mural painting in Tang Dynasty was particularly developed. The murals in Mogao Grottoes and Mausoleums have been handed down from generation to generation. The carving art in the Tang Dynasty was equally outstanding. Dunhuang, Longmen, Maijishan and Bingling Temple Grottoes all reached their peak in the Tang Dynasty. The Lushena Buddha in Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang and the Leshan Buddha in Sichuan are both amazing. The three-color six-horse figurines and tombs in Zhaoling are very beautiful. Among them, the sculptor Yang Huizhi is called Plastic Saint. ?

3. Calligraphy

During the Tang Dynasty, calligraphers came forth in large numbers. Ou Yangxun and Yu Shinan were both famous calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty. Ou Yangxun's regular script is neat, and his masterpiece is "The Ritual Spring Inscription of Jiucheng Palace". The font of regular script in the south of the city is soft and round. Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan were famous calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty.

Yan Zhenqing's regular script is vigorous, full of bones and muscles, vigorous and free and easy. Representative works include multi-pagoda monument, Yan's family temple monument and so on. Liu Gongquan's calligraphy is vigorous and powerful, and his masterpiece is Mysterious Pagoda. The world calls Yan Liu's calligraphy "Yan Liu Jin Gu". Zhang Xu and Huai Su were great cursive writers in the Tang Dynasty.

4. Technology

Astronomers and monks in the Tang Dynasty measured the length of meridian for the first time in the world. Sun Simiao's Qian Jin Fang is a rare medical work. The printing of Diamond Sutra in 868 is the earliest block printing technology known in the world. China's papermaking, textile and other technologies spread to West Asia and Europe through the Arab region. ?

5. Religion

The religious policy in the early Tang Dynasty was relatively open, and Taoism and Buddhism, two traditional religions in China, both developed greatly. In the Tang Dynasty, Taoism was regarded as the state religion, and all the princes and nobles admired Taoism, and made research on Taoist classics such as Laozi, Zhuangzi, Wen Zi and Liezi.

Xuanzang, a monk in the early Tang Dynasty, absorbed a large number of Taoist terms in order to conform to the national conditions of the Tang Dynasty at that time. The translation of Buddhist classics and the gradual maturity of China monks' own ideological system made China Buddhism develop steadily during this period, and most major sects of China Buddhism were formed and matured during this period.

Other religions, such as Islam, Nestorianism and Zoroastrianism, were introduced into China through international contacts. When Tang Wuzong adopted a high-handed policy towards Buddhism, it was known in history that Huichang destroyed Buddhism, which made other sects, except Zen, never recover.