The mountain is not high, and the fairy is famous. The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. I am a humble room, but I am virtuous. The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green. There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university. You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion, and there is no complicated form. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu. Kong Ziyun: "What's the matter?"

Word annotation

(1) Humble room: a humble room. Inscription: ancient words carved on objects to warn themselves or state their achievements, called "inscriptions", later became a style. This style generally uses compound sentence, which is neat and catchy.

⑵ Lie down, verb.

(3) Noun (míng): Noun, noun and noun are used as verbs.

(4) líng: the devil; Psychic medium.

[5] Si is a humble room (lòu shì): This is a humble room. Demonstrative pronoun, this, this. Yes: affirmative judgment verb. Humble room: Humble room refers to the author's own room.

[6] I am virtuous (xρn): Only because of the inscription (humble inscription) (I don't feel humble). Only: only. Wu: I, this is the inscription. Xin: It means nobility to spread the fragrance far away. Shang Chen Shujun: "Millet is not fragrant, but virtue is fragrant." .

(7) The moss on the upper steps is green, and the grass color enters the curtain: the moss is green and grows to the upper steps; The grass is green and reflected in the curtains. On: grow to; Enter: reflect.

⑻ Hongru (hóng rú): A great scholar, here refers to a learned person. Hong: As big as Hong. Confucianism used to refer to scholars.

(9) Ding Bai: civilians. This refers to people with little knowledge.

⑽ Dior: Play an unpretentious piano. Tone: violin, here refers to playing (piano). Simple piano: A simple piano.

⑾ The Book of Jin: There is still controversy in academic circles today. Some scholars think it refers to the Buddhist sutra (Diamond Sutra), while others think it is a Confucian classic. However, the Chinese books of Jiangsu Education Publishing House refer to Buddhist scriptures (Diamond Sutra), while the investigation in Anhui is the latter. Kim: Baby. Gold is precious, which means precious. All the classics of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism can be said to be golden classics.

⑿ Sishu: The general term for harp, flute and other musical instruments. Silk fingered stringed instruments, bamboo fingered wind instruments. This refers to the sound of playing music.

[13]: mood auxiliary words, not translated. Used between the subject and the predicate to cancel the independence of the sentence.

14. Ear disorder: both ears are disturbed. Confusion: The causative use of adjectives makes ... confused and disturbed.

⒂ case (dú): (official) document.

[14] Fatigue: To make the body tired (usage of the verb "make"). Old: the use of adjectives is ... tired. Form: form, body.

⒄ Nanyang: Place name, now Nanyang City, Henan Province. Before coming out of the mountain, Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Wollongong, Nanyang.

⒅ Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Ziyun Pavilion in Xishu: Zhuge Liang Caotang in Nanyang and Yangzi Yunge in Xishu. These two sentences mean that Zhuge Lu and Ziyunge are both humble and admired because the people in the places where they live are famous. Zhuge Liang, also known as Kong Ming, was the prime minister of Shu and Han Dynasties, a famous politician and strategist, and lived in seclusion in Wollongong, Nanyang before leaving office. Yang Xiong, Zi Ziyun, a writer in the Western Han Dynasty, was born in Chengdu, Shu County. Lu: A humble little house.

Confucius said that in classical Chinese, cloud generally refers to. From The Analects of Confucius Zi Han: "Where can a gentleman live, how can he be humble?" The author removed the gentleman's residence here, reflecting his modest character.

⒇, is there anything wrong with this? That is, "what's the matter" belongs to the prepositional object. Auxiliary words, strong rhetorical questions, signs of preposition objects, not translated. What's rough about it? Confucius said this sentence, which can be found in The Analects of Confucius Zi Han: "Where a gentleman lives, how do you know his inferiority?" Here, Confucius also poses as a "gentleman" and points out the full text. This sentence is also the finishing touch of the full text.

(2 1) Those who have great knowledge in talking and laughing: those who have knowledge in talking and laughing; big

Classical Chinese knowledge

polysemy

1:

(1) used between the subject and the predicate, cancel the independence of the sentence. Ex.: There is no complicated work.

② Structural auxiliary words, equivalent to "de". Example: Nineteen people died outside the Great Wall-every cloud has a silver lining, Liu An, Western Han Dynasty [5]

(3) Pronouns refer to the things mentioned above. Example: smell it and walk happily. -Tao Jin Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Garden"

(4) Auxiliary words, symbols of preposition objects, are not translated. Example: What's the problem?

(5) verbs, to, to. Example: I long for the South China Sea-[Qing] Peng Duanshu's "For Learning"

2. Contact person:

For example, I talked and laughed with great scholars, but I didn't have any contact with Ding Bai.

(2) people coming and going. Example: Among them, the species that come and go (Peach Blossom Garden) [5]

Flexible use of parts of speech

1. Name: Nouns are famous for their flexible use of verbs. For example, if the mountain is not high, there is a fairy, and then it is famous.

Spirit: Adjectives are used flexibly as verbs to show the aura. For example, if the water is not deep, the dragon is the spirit.

[13] Xin: nouns are used flexibly as verbs and have fragrance. Example: I am humble, but I am virtuous.

4. Disorder: The causative use of adjectives is disturbed. Example: Without a bamboo filament, my ears are confused.

Old: The causative usage of adjectives makes ... feel tired. Ex.: There is no complicated work.

Quotient: Positional nouns are used as verbs. They are lianas. Example: The moss marks on the upper steps are green.

Green: Adjectives turn green as verbs. Example: On the upper stage, moss is marked green [5]

Different meanings of ancient and modern times

1. Non-case labor form (ancient meaning: body; Meaning: appearance)

4. Only my virtue and sincerity (ancient meaning: noble character; Meaning: fragrance. )

[14] Those who laugh and have a university (ancient meaning: big and profound; Modern meaning: Hongyan, Xin. )

4. There is no confusing ear of silk and bamboo (ancient meaning: stringed instruments such as Qin, Xiao, Xiao, here refers to the sound of musical instruments; Modern meaning: silk and bamboo)

5. You can tune the pipa (ancient meaning: play; Modern significance: mediation)

Brief introduction of the author

Liu Yuxi (772-842), born in Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan), was a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. After he became an official, he advocated innovation and was demoted. Later, it was reused as the history of the Ministry of Rites. The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty compiled twelve volumes of his poems. His poems are high-pitched, passionate, rich in language and sharp in writing. In his later years, he sang a lot with Bai Juyi. Bai Juyi's Collection of Bai Liu's Singing and Interpretation said: "Liu Pengcheng Meng De is also a hero in the poem. It's amazing, the front is green, and the people who dare to be less ... just like in a dream, the head is white in the snow, and the fairy fruit in the sea is born late. The phrase "Qian Fan on the side of the shipwreck, Wan Muchun in front of the sick tree" is really wonderful, and there must be spiritual protection everywhere. " He is the author of current affairs works such as Ping Qi Xing, The Journey to the West and Cai Ping Zhou. In addition, many of his works, such as Raising Birds, Gathering Mosquitoes, Reading Zhang Qujiang's Collected Works, Ode to the Otter, Sending Flowers to a Gentleman, and Visiting Du Xuanguan again, all reflect his indomitable spirit despite being hit. His nostalgic poems are simple in language and profound in artistic conception. Such as "Jinling Nostalgia", "Old Times Thoughts of West Fort" and "Five Topics of Jinling". , are all told by people, especially his outstanding achievements in learning folk songs, but also praised by future generations. His works, such as Yang Liuzhi Ci, Zhi Zhu Ci and Langtaosha, are full of thoughts, fresh intonation and life. His philosophical prose is also quite innovative. For details about his life, see the Book of the New Tang Dynasty (volume 168). Liu Bin's collection.

[Note] Humble room: it is the name of Liu Yuxi's room, which is a humble room. It is said that it was built by Liu Yuxi when he was a secretariat in Anhui and Hezhou. One main room and two wing rooms face south. There is a stone tablet in the main room, with the word "humble room inscription" at the head, which is still preserved in Hexian County, Anhui Province.

Ming: It means recording, engraving on objects to show that they will never forget, and then it gradually developed into a style. Words are often engraved on metal objects or stone tablets to describe life, career, merits, commemorate or cherish things, and express encouragement or vigilance.

"The mountain is not high": the mountain is not high, and the place where immortals live is famous.

"Water is not right": the water lies not in its depth, but in the long hidden treasure. Dragon, a mythical beast in ancient legend, can make clouds and rain.

"Stone Room" sentence: This humble room is also fragrant because of my virtue. "Si" and "Shi" are pronouns, "this". Only, only. Xin (X and N Xin), a fragrance that spreads far away.

Moss mark: there is a little moss on the steps, so the steps are green; The grass color is reflected in the curtains and the room is green. Mark dots.

"Laughter" sentence: All the people in the room are knowledgeable scholars, and no one who is illiterate interacts with each other. A great scholar. Ding Bai, a civilian, here refers to people without culture.

Piano tuning: playing the piano. Tune and fiddle with musical instruments. Ordinary piano, ordinary piano.

Reading the Golden Sutra: Reading the Buddhist Sutra. Jin Jing is a Buddhist scripture written with mixed gold (a kind of golden pigment) in ancient times.

The second sentence of "no silk bamboo": refers to the leisurely tuning of the piano, without the noisy sound of complicated strings and urgent pipes; Concentrate on reading the bible silently, so you don't have to worry about it like dealing with government affairs. Silk and bamboo, stringed and wind instruments. Case (dú read), official document. Form refers to the body.

The sentence "Nanyang" means that Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage and Yang Xiong's Ziyun Pavilion are also very humble, but they are both famous for their owners. The implication is to compare them with their own humble rooms. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang was the hut where Zhuge Liang lived when he lived in seclusion in Nanyang (now Xiangyang West, Hubei Province). Ziyunge, the residence of Yang Xiong (Zi Ziyun), a scholar and poet of the Western Han Dynasty, also known as "Cao Xuantang", was named after Yang Xiong wrote Taixuan here.

What's wrong with it: what's wrong with it? What's wrong with it? The Analects of Confucius said: Confucius intends to live in the eastern minority areas. He was advised not to go, saying that the place was too humble. Confucius said, "Where does a gentleman live?" It is reported that this sentence is the only one in this article that doesn't rhyme.

Make an appreciative comment

Liu Yuxi's Humble Room Inscription has long been a well-known "masterpiece", but in fact this masterpiece is "angry". It is said that Liu Yuxi was banished to Anhui and Zhangzhou as a secretariat at that time. And Hezhou magistrate saw that he was demoted, so he made things difficult for him. First, he was arranged to live at the south gate, facing the river. Instead of complaining, Liu Yuxi wrote a couplet and posted it on the door: "Facing the river and looking at the white sail, I am arguing with the country." This move angered the magistrate of a county, so he moved Liu Yuxi's residence from the south of the city to the north of the city and reduced the house from three to one and a half rooms. The new house is near the river, and the willows are harmonious. Liu Yuxi felt it and wrote a couplet: "Liu is beside the Qinghe River, people are in Liyang, and their hearts are in Beijing." Seeing that he was still carefree, the magistrate of a county transferred the house to the city and gave him only a house that could only accommodate one bed, one table and one chair. In half a year, rachel moved three times in a row, and the house became smaller every time. Finally, it's just a small room. Considering that the county magistrate is really deceiving others, he angrily wrote "Humble Room Inscription".

"Humble Room Inscription" spread through the ages, and the humble room became famous all over the world. Today, Liu Yuxi's humble room is located in Hexian County, Anhui Province. The three rooms and nine rooms are in a figure of eight, with cornices and arches, white walls and black tiles. It is elegant and simple, quiet and graceful. Full of green, Shipu Yard, welcomes guests with pine and bamboo, as if smelling the rich fragrance of calligraphy. In the small and exquisite pavilion on the east side of the courtyard, there is a stone tablet of "Humble Room Inscription", which is engraved with the full text of "Humble Room Inscription" circulated for thousands of years, written by calligrapher Meng Fanqing, which is graceful and pleasing to the eye. In the middle of the first room, there is a statue of Liu Yuxi, handsome and solemn, with a plaque of "Zhuo Zhen Xian Liang" hanging on it. The humble room covers a small area, and it seems that people and nature have been purified here.

The whole book of "Humble Room Inscription" is 8 1 word, which shows the harmony between emotion and scenery, things and heart. After reading this inscription carefully, I don't feel the ugliness of this room, but the elegance of this room: the elegance of the environment "moss marks on the green platform, grass color into the curtain"; Elegant humanities, accepting literati, "talking and laughing with a scholar, no Ding Bai"; Elegant artistic conception, "you can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian." There is no confusion or complicated form, which expresses the author's valuable temperament of being broad-minded and far-reaching. Liu Yuxi is an official, honest and selfless, diligent in government affairs and concerned about people's livelihood; In order to write, he has great wisdom and left many catchy and philosophical poems and essays to future generations.