1 teleology of "living education"
The purpose of Chen Heqin's "life education" is to be a man, a China person and a modern China person. Being a man is the most common purpose of "living education". People are different from animals because of their sociality. Therefore, "life education" advocates learning how to be a man and how to seek social progress and human development. The deep purpose of life education-"being a China person". Being a China person embodies the national characteristics of the purpose of "living education", and Chen Heqin further puts forward that "being a modern China person" makes the purpose of "living education" further embody the spirit of the times, so it is more specific. In view of the grim mission faced by the Chinese nation and reflecting on its advantages and disadvantages, Chen Heqin endowed "modern China people" with five requirements: first, they should have a sound body; Second, we must have the ability to build; Third, we must have creative ability; Fourth, we must cooperate; Fifth, to
2 "Life Education" curriculum theory
Nature and society are living teaching materials, which is the general expression of Chen Heqin's "living education" curriculum theory. Chen Heqin's so-called "living textbooks" refer to "direct books" taken from nature and society, that is, children can gain experience and knowledge through direct contact with nature and society and personal observation. The curriculum theory of "life education" does not abandon books, but only emphasizes the nature and society of life that has been neglected by education, and book knowledge should be a portrayal of the real world, which should be confirmed in nature and society, and can reflect children's physical and mental characteristics and life characteristics. "Life Education" course breaks the usual discipline organization system and takes the form of activity center and activity unit, that is, the "five-finger activity" form that can reflect the integrity and coherence of children's life, that is, children's health activities, children's social activities, children's scientific activities, children's art activities and children's literature activities.
3 "life education" teaching theory
"Learning by doing, learning by doing and making progress by doing" is the basic principle of "living education" teaching method. First of all, it emphasizes the establishment of students' subjectivity in teaching activities on the basis of "doing". Secondly, Chen Heqin sees that children's "doing" is often blind, so teachers should give effective guidance while encouraging students to "do" actively. However, guidance is not a substitute, let alone directly inform the results, but uses various laws of psychology and pedagogy to inspire and induce.
Chen Heqin also summarized the four steps of living education and teaching: experimental observation, reading and thinking, publication and creation, and critical discussion. These four steps are the general procedures of the teaching process, not mechanical or separate. It also reflects students' active learning based on "doing".