Johann friedrich herbart (German: johann friedrich herbart,1May 4, 776-1841August/2008 14) was a German philosopher, psychologist and founder of science pedagogy in the 9th century.
1776, Herbart was born into a sheriff's family in oldenburg. He studied philosophy from Fichte in Jena, began to teach philosophy in G? ttingen in 1805, and went to Koenigsberg in 1809 to take over as the chairman of Kant's philosophy, where he founded the experimental school. 1833, he returned to gottingen as a professor of philosophy until his death. Known as the father of modern pedagogy. He believes that pedagogy should be based on psychology and ethics. General idea: apperception means that new knowledge must be based on old experience.
/kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, Pestalozzi inherited the tradition of naturalistic education, emphasized observation and experiment, and attached importance to the combination of children's psychological development law and educational work, and put forward the idea of "psychological education" for the first time. The essence of this proposition is the further practice of the tradition of humanistic freedom education since the Renaissance, and it is also an inevitable link in the development of educational science. Herbart's contribution played a watershed role in the development of educational psychology. He pointed out the direction for the development of educational science and became the source of educational prosperity for more than 100 years.
"He was the first person to separate psychology from philosophy and physiology, and clearly declared that psychology is a science; He was also the first educator who clearly emphasized that pedagogy must be based on psychology. He also tried to reveal the laws of education and teaching based on the knowledge of psychology. " Herbart emphasized the systematicness and accuracy of science, and his obsession with accuracy made him realize the goal that Comenius and Pestalozzi yearned for, and developed education from a primary system of thought and practice into an academic discipline. The psychological process theory he developed, although only one aspect of intellectual achievement, has become the basis of the whole systematic education methodology.
Herbart extended the application of psychological knowledge to the school education system and penetrated into the construction of all educational theories, becoming a typical representative of real educational psychology after Pestalozzi.