189965438+1October 29th, Qu Qiubai was born in Fucheng, Changzhou, Jiangsu. Qu family is a big family, and Qu Qiubai belongs to the 16th generation of Russian, an old family with two rooms and four halls. His name is Mao Miao and his name is Xiong Bo. He is the eldest son of this family. Because the hairline has two revolving centers (commonly known as double tops), his parents named him A Shuang.
Qu Qiubai's father, Qu Zhibin, was called "the Seventh Young Master" by his family, while outsiders respectfully called him "Qu Qiye". He has a virtual title-Zhejiang Alternate Salt Ambassador. Qu Qiubai's mother's surname is Jin, her first name is Xuan, and her first name is Xuan. Jin Zu was born in Jingde County, Anhui Province. Yu Heng's father Jincheng served as the ambassador of Guangdong Salt in the Qing Dynasty. The marriage between Jin and Qu can be said to be a match made in heaven. Both sides are official families from generation to generation, and they are respectable families in the local area. However, Yu Heng and Zhi Bin are completely different. Compared with her husband who idles around all day, Yu Heng is much better than Zhi Bin in knowledge cultivation and housekeeping ability.
Qu Qiubai's personality is very similar to his mother's. He has more affection for his mother than for his father. When Qu Qiubai was a child, his mother taught him to recite Tang poems, and sometimes his son recited them aloud in bed at night. Qu Qiubai has an excellent memory. Under his mother's dictation, he soon recited many famous Tang poems.
1904, when Qu Qiubai was five years old, he went to the Zhuang library where his uncle sat. The following year, it was transferred to Guan Ying Primary School. Zhuang is the principal of a primary school. Although he was born in a noble family, he is very innovative and determined to reform education. In terms of teaching methods, the school opposes the old-fashioned rote learning method of private schools and pays attention to scientific experiments. When the teacher talks about biology in Qu Qiubai class, he dissects the puppy and points out the structure and position of the internal organs. Qu Qiubai said to his classmates after reading it: "The ancients often said that conscience should be placed inside, and I don't know that the heart is on the left side of the chest." Qu Qiubai studied in this school for four years. He studied hard and got excellent grades. He is an intelligent and honest student and is praised by teachers and classmates.
1909, Qu Qiubai is ten years old. This spring, he graduated from the primary class of Guan Ying Primary School and studied at home. In autumn, I advanced placement and was admitted to the preparatory school attached to Changzhou Middle School. Transfer to undergraduate course the following year.
Pay attention to revolutionary braid cutting support
Changzhou Middle School was a relatively progressive school at that time. President Tu studied in Japan and joined the Alliance founded by Sun Yat-sen. Members of the Alliance also included teachers such as civilian Zhu and military instructor Liu Baineng. They often carry out national revolutionary education in schools and actively organize students to conduct military exercises. Students are active in thinking, and many people tend to be revolutionary. Influenced by Tu, Qu Qiubai and Zhang (Qu Qiubai) paid great attention to Sun Yat-sen's anti-Qing revolution. They care about current politics and hate the invasion of foreign powers and the tyranny of the Qing Dynasty. Qu Qiubai often pointed to the braid on his head and said to his classmates, "What's the use of keeping this tail-like thing? We must cut it off! " Soon, the news of Wuchang Uprising came. Qu Qiubai was alone in the West Room of Xinghuatang, and he cut his own braid. He happily said to his mother, "The emperor died and his braid was cut."
Dissatisfaction with reality is inevitably expressed in words. An essay by Qu Qiubai praised the peasants who dared to rebel against the government. Chen, a Chinese teacher, was born in Yixing, Jiangsu, and his thoughts were reactionary. He cursed the revolutionaries as "thieves". Of course, he thought Qu Qiubai's article was "outrageous" and wrote a long comment on writing at the end of the article to "correct" it. After reading it, Qu Qiubai added a comment on writing behind Chen's comment on writing, which was denounced. Chen became angry from embarrassment, reported to the invigilator and gave Qu Qiubai a demerit. This kind of high pressure can't make Qu Qiubai yield. He still dares to resist evil and pursue truth. This quality, he never lost in the end.
19 1 1 year spring, Qu Qiubai 12 years old, there are 450 teachers and students in the school. They took a one-day trip to Huishan, Wuxi by train. In the same year, the Xinhai Revolution occurred in June+10, 5438, and the school was temporarily closed and became a military fortress. All the teachers and students traveled to Yixing by boat, visited the pottery fields in Shushan and Dingshan, and visited Zhanggong Cave.
After the Revolution of 1911, people were really happy for a while when they saw the five-color flag of the Republic of China flying under the clear sky. However, Sun Yat-sen gave Yuan Shikai the post of interim president, and after the provincial governors were renamed as overseers, the world became worse and worse and life became more and more difficult. The harsh social reality is far from people's original idea of "Republic of China". In Qu Qiubai's view, the new country has replaced the old dynasty, and Changzhou after the "revolution" is worse than in the past.
Hanging "national mourning" lanterns against warlords
Qu Qiubai was extremely disappointed and felt great pain and indignation. On one occasion, he talked to Mu Zhi, who was herding sheep, about the hero in Water Margin and said angrily: There is no place for Liangshan to gather righteousness now. Although I can't do Li Kui jy with two axes, at least I can be a Zhu Gui bartender who specializes in picking up heroes in waterside hotels. 1912 10 June10 While Changzhou residents, institutions and schools were celebrating the Double Tenth National Day, Qu Qiubai made a white lantern, wrote two big characters "National Mourning" on it with a brush, and hung it high on the side door of the ancestral hall. Sister Yiqun saw that all the neighbors were hung with red lights or colored lights, and only a white light with the word "mourning" was hung on her door. She felt unlucky and secretly took it off. Qu Qiubai knew it, but he hung it up, showing his contempt for "National Day" and his resistance to warlord rule.
At this point, the situation in Qu Qiubai's family is getting worse every year. Until 19 14, the life of eight people in the whole family depended on loans to maintain the minimum level. Sometimes the only lunch at home is rice porridge left over in the morning. Qu Qiubai said with infinite emotion that we used to look forward to Sun Yat-sen every day, but after the victory of the revolution, the lives of ordinary people were still difficult. We still have some porridge to eat. I wonder how many families in the country can't even eat porridge.
19 15 In the summer, Qu Qiubai was about to finish his last year's undergraduate course in Jiangsu No.5 Middle School, and his family couldn't afford his tuition, so he had to stop studying. 19 16 12. Qu Qiubai left Changzhou and went to Wuhan, an important town in central China, thus turning a new page in his life.
(According to Qu Qiubai's "From Scholars to Leaders")