Model essay on education management 1: analysis of infringement in primary education management;
Aiming at the problem of infringement in primary school education management, this paper analyzes the types and causes of infringement, and puts forward some thoughts from aspects of strengthening the construction of teachers, improving the awareness of rights protection of primary school students, strengthening legal publicity, and establishing correct educational management concepts.
Key words:
Primary education; Infringement; Cause of formation; Countermeasures
With the improvement of China's economic and cultural level and national legal awareness, people have a clearer understanding of their rights and know how to take up legal weapons to safeguard their legitimate rights. However, the protection of the legitimate rights of primary school students has not attracted enough attention. In the management of primary education, the rights and interests of primary school students are violated from time to time. This paper analyzes this problem and puts forward corresponding countermeasures.
I. Overview of the problem
In addition to the basic rights stipulated in the Constitution, primary school students also enjoy the legal rights to protect students in the Education Law, the Law on the Protection of Minors and the Basic Education Law. But the reality is that the relationship between students and schools is not equal and voluntary, and the corresponding rights and obligations are not equal. In the process of educating and managing students, there will be more or less violations of students' rights, which can be roughly divided into the following categories:
1. Violation of students' right to health
Health includes physical health and mental health. In reality, violations of students' right to health are common, especially corporal punishment. From time to time, we hear reports that teachers punish students. Serious circumstances will cause personal injury to students, and teachers will seriously infringe on students' most basic personal rights. Pupils are minors and lack awareness of protection and rights protection. Because of fear, they sometimes choose to keep silent and not tell their parents until they find that their children are physically injured. Some schools blindly pursue teaching achievements, often increase students' self-study time without authorization, and follow the principle of voluntariness. This behavior makes students study for too long, which seriously affects their normal learning state and mental health. In the long run, it is not really conducive to the improvement of academic performance.
2. Invasion of students' right to privacy
The right to privacy is a basic right given to citizens by law, but there are violations of students' right to privacy in the management of primary education. The vast majority of primary school students will not protect their privacy, and even don't know that some of the teachers' practices are infringing on their privacy. For example, teachers let primary school students form the habit of keeping a diary, and let everyone prepare a notebook and write a diary every day, which is very good. However, if teachers regularly ask students to hand in their diaries for inspection, it will infringe on students' privacy. Although the state clearly stipulates that it is forbidden to disclose students' personal grades, most schools disclose students' grades in order to stimulate competition and various evaluations among students. Test scores belong to their own privacy, and it is an invasion of students' privacy to publish them without their consent.
3. Infringement of students' right to education
The right to education is the most basic right of students. Students go to school to receive education, and no one can stop them from receiving compulsory education, which is also a basic civil right explicitly written into the Constitution. However, in reality, some teachers will expel students from the classroom because they are late or disobedient to school, and some teachers will transfer students because they are afraid of affecting the overall honor of the class because of their poor academic performance, which seriously damages students' right to education.
4. Infringe on students' personal dignity
China people have always attached great importance to dignity, even primary school students have dignity. But teachers often insult and hurt children's feelings in teaching, which is harder to find than violence, but it really hurts children's self-esteem. Some teachers are due to? Hate iron not to produce? Often verbally abuse some naughty students with poor academic performance, such as scolding them in front of the whole class? Idiot? Stupid? As well as other bad words, so that the scolded students have negative emotions under the ridicule of their classmates, and some teachers will punish students with poor academic performance by not taking a rest after class. These injuries are extremely secretive. Being in this abusive and insulting learning atmosphere for a long time will distort children's psychology and have serious consequences.
Second, the reason analysis
The reasons for the above problems are complicated, and I think there are four main reasons.
1. China's unique cultural background
There is an old saying in China:? A strict teacher makes a noble apprentice. ? Students in our country grew up in an educational environment that respects teachers and values morality. What the teacher said must be obeyed, and what the teacher said is right. They can't contradict the teacher. There is an unequal relationship between students and teachers. They are not like friends, but more like a superior-subordinate relationship. Students themselves will be in a weak state, especially primary school students take the teacher's words as? The truth? Even if his legal rights are violated, he will remain silent, let alone complain or seek legal protection.
2. Some teachers are of low quality.
In recent years, China has always attached great importance to the training of teachers and strengthened the construction of teachers. However, we have to admit that the quality of some teachers has not been improved, especially in areas with relatively weak educational strength. Teachers' resources are in short supply and the quality is not high. Some old teachers still stay in the exam-oriented education, only know the results, and do not pay attention to the healthy development of children's body and mind. Some teachers? Rely on the old and sell the old? With my decades of educational experience, I am too strict with my students, my own legal awareness is quite weak, and I lack basic teachers' professional ethics.
3. Students lack self-protection awareness
The lack of self-protection and self-control makes it easy for students to effectively protect themselves and respect the rights of others in communication. Because primary school students are young and have narrow knowledge, they usually listen to their parents at home and teachers at school, and they have no basic awareness of self-protection, let alone legal awareness. Research shows that when students' rights are repeatedly violated without taking measures, the probability of being violated will increase, especially for primary school students.
4. The legal system is not perfect
Although the state has promulgated the Education Law, the Law on the Protection of Minors and the Basic Education Law successively, there are no clear provisions on major issues such as the protection of students' rights and interests in the process of implementing compulsory education, ignoring the legal protection of the rights of the educated.
Third, think about countermeasures.
Teenagers are the future of the motherland, and the whole society should pay close attention to them and actively create a good atmosphere for their healthy growth. As a primary school educator, the responsibility is even greater, and we should earnestly perform our educational management duties.
1. Strengthen the construction of teaching staff
In view of the low quality of some teachers, which do not meet the requirements of teachers, we should comprehensively promote quality education, abandon the wrong view of exam-oriented education and strengthen the construction of teachers. First of all, we should investigate among teachers and close the entrance of good teachers; Secondly, teachers should be systematically and comprehensively trained and educated. Teachers should make clear their teaching responsibilities and obligations through the training of learning and understanding the law, so as to consciously implement their teaching plans according to legal norms, change the wrong teaching methods in the past, and pay attention to children's all-round physical and mental development.
2. Improve children's awareness of rights protection
Classroom is the most important part of students' school life. Schools and teachers should regularly cultivate students' awareness of rights protection in the classroom, inform students of their rights and obligations in the education process, and the solutions to some typical incidents, become friends with students, listen to students' ideas more, and be the leaders of students' behavior. Only when students' awareness of rights protection is improved can the occurrence of infringement be effectively curbed.
3. Strengthen legal publicity.
In school management, the quality and legal awareness of managers are very important to the management of a school. With the development of the times, students' awareness of the legal system has been improved, which requires managers to introduce correct and reasonable management routes, respect students' rights, think for students, actively organize some legal lectures, knowledge contests and other activities, improve students' awareness of the law, and formulate legal teaching regulations in line with their own school conditions. Judging from the existing laws to protect the legitimate rights of minors, the laws in China at this stage are still not perfect. In order to promote the physical and mental development of minors, China has successively promulgated education law, compulsory education law, law on the protection of minors and other related laws and laws promulgated by governments at all levels. We should strengthen the education and publicity of these laws so that teachers and students can know and understand them.
4. Establish a correct concept of teaching management
Influenced by the long-term exam-oriented education, many schools and teachers still stick to the concept of grades, and only pay attention to grades in teaching, ignoring the healthy development of students' body and mind, and quality education has not been implemented. Schools should change this wrong teaching concept and prevent the phenomenon of high scores and low abilities. Change? Subjective? For what? Objective? Overcome the subjective blindness of management and proceed from reality; Change? Decision maker? For what? Planner? The implementation of the teaching plan should not be arbitrary, but should be discussed with teachers and students to form a unified goal, so that teachers and students can develop together and make progress together.
References:
[1] Bai Pingze. On the realization and guarantee of school education management and students' rights [J]. Educational Theory and Practice, 20 14, (12).
[2] Liu. On how to strengthen the rule of law in education from the infringement of primary and secondary school teachers [J]. Teaching and Management, 2002, (24).
[3] Hui Yu, Hu Aiping. Types of Infringement in Primary and Secondary Schools and Preventive Measures [J]. Teaching and Management (Primary Edition), 20 12, (3).
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In the field of special education, especially in the field of higher special education, scientific and humanized management and relatively stable external environment play a decisive role in the development of higher special education. In the educational management system of higher special schools, including students' study and life, social practice and other fields, the improvement of relevant ability is the goal that educational management is committed to achieving. Based on this, this paper puts forward that we must adopt innovative ideas and measures to improve the effectiveness and effectiveness of the education management system in colleges, truly cultivate innovative talents, and realize the renewal and innovation of the education management system in colleges in an atmosphere full of humanistic care.
Keywords: characteristic colleges; Educational management; reform the system
On the necessity of 1 innovation of educational management system in colleges and universities
1. 1 is the internal demand in the new period and the need of the development of special higher education itself. The innovation of educational management system in characteristic colleges and universities is an inevitable requirement of the development of the times, because today's era is an era of knowledge explosion, and all kinds of old and new ideas collide. In addition, after years of establishment, China's market economic system has been gradually improved and self-renewed, and the market environment for talent competition has become increasingly fierce, which has brought brand-new challenges and great pressure to the education management of colleges and universities. Therefore, colleges and universities must adapt to the new situation and the urgent needs of the actual development of special higher education as soon as possible, seize various development opportunities and favorable conditions, strive to innovate their own higher education management concepts, adopt scientific and advanced education management methods, and improve the quality of education management, which is conducive to the smooth development of special higher education management.
1.2 is an urgent need for colleges and universities to solve their own educational management problems. At present, the educational management concept of special colleges and universities in China lags behind, and there are many problems in their own educational management. Many times, it is based on traditional management experience and methods to deal with and solve related problems, and its true democratic characteristics are not high enough. Therefore, in order to form a relatively complete set of higher education management standards and management systems, colleges and universities must realize the innovation of their own education management systems as soon as possible, properly solicit the opinions of the managed, and adopt a comprehensive and flexible evaluation method and system, so that the education management system of colleges and universities can really help meet the actual needs of solving various drawbacks in the self-management work of colleges and universities.
1.3 is the need for the education management of students in special colleges to keep pace with the times. At present, the management of college students' education is in a diversified social environment. The development of world political multipolarization, global economic integration and international financial crisis all affect the education management of college students. In today's society, with the rapid development of information technology, the division of labor is becoming more and more detailed, the competition is becoming more and more fierce, the pressure on students is also increasing, and the requirements and standards of society for college students are also improving. In such a social environment, students are faced with multiple impacts and pressures. How to adapt to the current new situation, study new situations and problems, meet new challenges and keep pace with the times is the requirement of theoretical and practical innovation in college student education management.
2. The basic principles of constructing the management system of higher special education
2. 1 unification principle. What does the principle of unification mean? The contents of the system formulated by the school shall not conflict with the relevant laws and regulations of the state? . Higher special education faces the needs of society, and its management is an important part of government management. Therefore, the management system of higher special education must obey the will of the state, safeguard the dignity of the government, and accept the leadership and guidance of the government to meet the needs of the continuous development of society.
2.2 the principle of operability. The principle of operability means that the system formulated by the school should proceed from the reality of the school and be easy to operate. This thought can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period in ancient China. The golden mean? This is an important principle of Confucian management thought. The golden mean? The core of the school system is to serve these two purposes, which requires educational administrators to hold dialectical thinking in the decision-making process of the school system. If the school management system is too abstract or too strict, it is difficult to grasp; If it is too simple or loose, it will lose its due role. To this end. When making system decisions, higher special education schools should comprehensively analyze various factors according to the characteristics of special education and the actual situation of the school, so as to facilitate the implementation and enforcement of the system.
2.3. The principle of combining procedure with efficiency. Has the procedural principle of higher special education school system construction been realized, which is helpful to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of teachers and students? Fair, just and open? At the same time, it also embodies the spirit of governing the country according to law. As the administrator of higher special education, only those who master the management? Duality? Only by carefully studying the links of decision-making, leadership, organization, coordination, communication and control. In the management system of higher special education, whether the combination of procedure and efficiency can be truly realized. For example, most special education colleges in colleges and universities offer majors such as fine arts, traditional Chinese medicine and special education. As the administrator of higher special education, teachers of all majors should be allowed to fully enjoy democratic rights and autonomy, and act in accordance with procedural principles. When making decisions on major issues, managers should brainstorm and deal with problems according to the principle of high efficiency.
3 establish a people-oriented educational management thinking
3. 1 Explain the essence of higher special education management. As a manager of higher special education, we must establish a sense of service, deeply understand the essence of special education management, be teacher-oriented and student-oriented, do a good job in teacher-student service enthusiastically, ensure the orderly development of school activities, strive to improve the management level, and apply what we have learned and focus on practice. At the same time, the administrators of higher special education should establish the concept of lifelong learning to cope with the changes in the new situation, especially to strengthen the study of educational principles, the development history of special education, the psychology of special education, the psychology of children with visual disabilities, education management and other related knowledge, and effectively improve their working ability.
3.2 to create a people-oriented school organizational culture. School organizational culture refers to the sum total of universal values and behaviors embodied in school operation under the guidance of basic educational concepts under a certain social and cultural background. Disabled students need care from all aspects of society, and teachers engaged in special education work pay more labor than ordinary teachers. Therefore, it is particularly important to create a people-oriented school organizational culture for higher special education schools. In this way, while enhancing the cohesion of the school organization, it also provides the possibility for the continuous development of the school.
3.3 The implementation of inclusive education is an important embodiment of the student-oriented educational thought. In order to truly implement the people-oriented thought, we must proceed from the actual needs of students and society. The College of Special Education of Changchun University aims to integrate disabled students into the mainstream of society. Through on-campus and off-campus surveys and graduates' information feedback, it is found that several existing majors in the field of higher special education can no longer meet the needs of disabled students. In short, with the changes in the international and domestic economic environment and the reform of the education system, the special student groups in special colleges and universities are also changing, which all affect the constant changes in the education management mode of special colleges and universities. The management of higher special education is a complex systematic project, which requires the managers of higher special education to be both generalists and professionals, and to be able to objectively understand the management of higher special education; The administrators of higher special education are required to manage the internal finance, personnel, teaching, decision-making and other aspects of the school scientifically, and at the same time, they can stand at the height of the country and brainstorm and make long-term development plans for the school.
Author: Yan Unit: Liaoning Teachers College of Special Education
References:
[1] Li. Research on Ideological and Political Education of Disadvantaged Students in Gansu Undergraduate Colleges [J]. Journal of changchun university of science and technology, 20 1 1 (3): 25? 26.