1919 65438+10. In October, after the First World War and the failure of 19 18 bourgeois-democratic revolution, Germany held a national congress controlled by the Social Democratic Party, reorganized the government, and formulated a new constitution to build Germany into a unified decentralized republic. After repeated discussions and amendments, the new Constitution was adopted on July 3, 20091919, namely the Constitution of the Republic of Germany, which was also called Weimar Constitution for short because of the convening of the constitutional conference in Weimar. German national constitution 19 19. Named for its formulation in Weimar. 19 18, 19 19 came into effect in August. The full text consists of 18 1 article, which is divided into two parts. The first part is the organization of the Federation and its responsibilities, which is divided into seven chapters: Federation and States, Bundestag, Federal President and Federal Government, Federal Senate, Federal Legislation, Federal Administration and Justice. It is stipulated that Germany is a Federation and sovereignty lies with the people. The people have the right to universal suffrage and creativity. The responsibility cabinet system is adopted, but the president has the power of emergency order, which can temporarily suspend the effectiveness of some provisions in the constitution. The second part is the basic rights and obligations of the German people, which is divided into five chapters: individuals, common life, religions and religious groups, education and schools, and economic life. The second part shows the characteristics of this constitution, which stipulates various basic rights of individuals and many norms of social life, including some provisions of social democracy. After Hitler established a dictatorship in 1933, he first declared by emergency order that many provisions of Weimar Constitution concerning people's rights ceased to take effect, and then enacted the Law on Eliminating National and Ethnic Crises (Authorization Law), which stipulated that the government could make laws and regulations inconsistent with the Constitution on its own. So Weimar Constitution exists in name only. After World War II, the Weimar Constitution was replaced by the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany 1949. The Basic Law has inherited the tradition of Weimar Constitution to a certain extent, and it is stipulated in Article 140 that five articles on religion in Weimar Constitution (136 ~ 139, 14 1) shall remain in force. Weimar Constitution is the source of modern constitution.