John august Strindberg of Sweden (1849- 19 12) is a pioneer of European expressionist drama. His 19 plays of 1970s and 1980s belong to naturalism, such as Father and Miss Julie, which were all created under the influence of Zola. However, at the end of 19, expressionism began to appear in Strindberg's plays. The masterpiece Towards Damascus (trilogy, the first two were written in 1897, and the third was written in 1904) describes the struggle against fate, the opposite sex, society and self in the form of monologues, the main purpose of which is to outline the spiritual change track of human life.

Since then, Strindberg's style has officially turned to expressionism, and he has published a drama of a dream (1902) and a sonata of a ghost (1907) and other unique plays.

Strindberg's plays are full of pessimism and often focus on human suffering. For example, in Sonata of Ghosts, Strindberg exposed the darkness of the world and the ugliness of human nature through ghosts, and finally came to the conclusion that "this world is a madhouse, a brothel and a morgue". Strindberg's creation laid the foundation for expressionist drama creation.