With the continuous development of the financial market, more and more college students spend in advance through personal credit, which has spawned a fiery "campus loan" market. Judging from the recently exposed cases, some "campus loans" wandering in the gray area of supervision not only infringe on the rights and interests of lenders, but also disrupt the order of financial markets, which has aroused great concern in society. What are the reasons for the chaos of campus loans? Discuss it with the bee investment borrower.

What are the reasons for the chaos of campus loans?

First of all, from the perspective of college students.

1, people are stupid and easy to fool.

College students always don't calculate the interest seriously, thinking that the loan interest is not very high, and that they can pay back the living expenses. Do you call it stupid?

How capricious money is.

The money mentioned here does not refer to the monthly living expenses of college students, but refers to the dependence of college students: parents. Basically, the loan amount of college students is not high, and even if college students don't pay it back, their parents can afford it.

3. Poor self-control

Modern college students have a strong desire to buy. Before lending, I feel that I can restrain my expenses after lending, but I often can't restrain myself after lending, and the snowball is getting bigger and bigger.

4, whimsical

Modern universities have a lot of ideas, and always think that there is money everywhere in the market, and you can make money by doing something casually. Without the support of my family, I have to take out a loan. But in fact, most college students don't have the spirit of hard work and are still complaining. As soon as they get their living expenses, they have to rely on their families to pay them back. Bee investment borrowers think it is good to start a business, but they should consider the project and the actual situation.

5, easy to clean

Compared with people who step into society, college students are still much more tender, and their contacts are relatively simple and easy to clean up. If you don't pay back the money, call the school and home to let everyone know that you are not afraid of not paying back.

Second, from the perspective of the loan platform.

1, don't worry about users. The market for college students in China is so big that there are endless sources of users.

2. High yield

3. The risk is controllable

Third, from the social environment.

The development of college students' credit market has roughly experienced three stages: college students' credit cards, offline and online lending platforms. In 2009, the CBRC issued a notice prohibiting banks from issuing credit cards to students under the age of 18. The withdrawal of major banks has allowed Internet lending to enter without competition. Now campus loan has developed into a new "credit card". From 20 10 to 20 15, the loan platform increased from 0 to 896. Relying on the "network agent" model, "campus loan" has spread rapidly among students.

Editor's Note: The borrower of Bee Investment believes that campus loans will definitely step out of the barbaric growth of young people and eventually move towards standardization. In order to prevent the tragedy from happening again, college students should also establish a correct concept of consumption and borrow it from college dropouts. If you have financial difficulties, you should also inform your parents and seek help from a formal loan platform.

What are the common college student loan scams?

1. Guarantee for others

I don't know if you still remember such a news about a female college student who just graduated from college. She was fooled by the boss of the company and guaranteed a huge debt of 90 million for the company.

College students who have just left college are full of enthusiasm if they find a job. In addition, they have lived on campus for a long time and know nothing about loans. In this case, they are easily fooled by horrible bosses.

be caught in a trap

This year, a news also attracted the attention of the society: a college student in Henan jumped off a building because of debts of several hundred thousand yuan, and the sources of these debts turned out to be a number of Internet campus loan platforms.

Nowadays, many online lending platforms are aimed at college students, and the temptation condition is "low threshold", while ignorant college students only see the superficial advantages, but ignore the high cost behind them.

3. ID card information leaked "loaned"

It is another source of income for many college students, and some lawless elements see business opportunities and claim that they can provide them, thus defrauding college students' identity card information and making them heavily in debt.

From these events, college students also have to reflect, but also pay attention to these points:

1. Protect personal identity card information from being stolen by criminals;

2. If there is a loan demand, you should know the basic knowledge of the loan before lending;

Don't promise to guarantee this easily, after all, the responsibility behind it may be beyond your responsibility.

What is the correct description of luring a loan scam? What is the process of college students' training loans being cheated?

"Called the part-time, 500 yuan deposit first, the rest of the tuition points 12. You can pay later.

"Wang Hui (a pseudonym), a junior in an art college in Guangxi, thought he would pay the class tuition by installments, but he was fascinated by the" training loan ".

Although the government has clearly regulated campus online consumer loans for many times, emphasizing that it is not allowed to provide loans to college students and guiding them to lend, the survey of education teachers found that some "training loans" for student groups have been replaced by "vests" and made a comeback.

A few days ago, the National Student Financial Assistance Management Center issued the warningNo. 1 in 2022 to remind college students to be wary of "training loans".

According to the warning, some training institutions guide students to attend classes on the grounds of offering, and report false information on online platforms to deal with "training loans".

A survey of Beijing News education teachers found that some educational institutions changed the concept of "phased education" in order to make college students pay thousands or even tens of thousands of training fees, and used the platform with prepaid function of Internet financial institutions to guide college students to "borrow money for further study".

Some students borrowed money and paid it back, but instead of learning valuable courses and professional knowledge, they were heavily in debt.

The temptation of ""

"The sales teacher sent me a QR code and asked me to quickly scan the code for payment. I woke up after grinding. Pay tuition in installments.

After a series of claims, he finally got a refund, but recalling the experience of paying tuition fees in training institutions in those years, Wang Hui could not hide his anger.

Wang Hui told the educational teacher of the Beijing News that she usually learns software design through free online video classes.

On June 5438+ 10 this year, he learned about the sales of Firefox education through the free study group. The other party claimed to be Teacher Zhang.

Teacher Zhang told him that paying a month's fee in Firefox education can meet the requirements of working, and then he can earn pocket money while studying unilaterally, with a total training fee of 5,900 yuan.

On April 26th, the educational teacher joined the audition group of Firefox Education as a student, and the group sales also launched several websites, saying that "you can make money by working at ordinary times".

Among the chat screenshots provided by Wang Hui, the teacher sent him several screenshots of students' part-time income, as well as the collection records of 1820 yuan, 6,900 yuan and 4,200 yuan, which made Wang Hui very moved.

The sales teacher sent a screenshot of the conversation allegedly about students' income to the educational administration teacher. Income price 1800 yuan to 3200 yuan.

Figure/dialogue screenshot

After learning that there is pressure on tuition fees in Wang Hui, Mr. Zhang said that "you can apply for the places of work-study programs". As long as you apply for "work-study program" and make a down payment to 500 yuan, the remaining tuition fees can be divided into 12 installments and then paid.

"We divide the tuition into 12 months, and spread it to more than 400 on average. Worthy of a poster of 120 yuan. We can spare two or three hours a month to make three posters, which is enough for one month's tuition.

In the chat record provided by Wang Hui, Mr. Zhang said that installment payment is an institution's "work-study program" and can help apply.

The "share" proposal put forward by the other party is very attractive. Wang Hui did not arouse suspicion. At the request of the other party, he provided his name and contact information, "thinking about applying to fill out the form", and transferred 500 yuan to Mr. Zhang as a "down payment" on the spot.

The other party claimed that it was ""to pay the students in installments, and asked the students for the loan amount of various financial platforms on this ground, saying that it depends on the credit.

Photo courtesy of respondents

Unexpectedly, after paying the first money, I fell into the trap of the other party.

Wang Hui said, then, on the grounds of "financial evaluation credit", Mr. Zhang inquired about the loan amount of Wang Hui on several major online shopping platforms in China, and the loan function of the online shopping platform in Wang Hui could be opened. In this regard, Teacher Zhang said, "It will be needed later.

"

"I thought they applied for installment payment from me on the basis of credit, so there was no doubt.

"Wang Hui said that after the loan function was opened under the guidance of the other party, Teacher Zhang immediately sent him a QR code to clean it up immediately, and the school paid in installments on this platform. After paying, he found that he had overdrawn 5000 yuan at one time, and the payee was Zhengzhou Runyi Network Technology Co., Ltd.

Why do you want to apply for the training course provided by Huohu Education? Has the payee become another company? In this regard, the sales staff of Firefox Education said that Zhengzhou Runyi Network Technology Co., Ltd. is a branch of Firefox Education, and many students pay their tuition fees through Zhengzhou Runyi.

In the dialogue in which educational teachers sell as students, they repeatedly ask the other party to provide education and training qualification certificates and teacher qualification certificates. The other party first said, "When you go to college, will your teacher and principal give it to you?" He asked.

Under the further questioning of the educational administration teacher, the other party only provided the so-called enterprise honor certificate, but did not provide the relevant education and training qualification certificate. On the third cross-examination, the educational administration teacher only answered "believe it or not, don't study", that's all.

The educational teacher found that the business scope of Beijing Firefox Education Technology Co., Ltd. includes educational consultation (excluding intermediary services) and cultural consultation, while the business scope of Zhengzhou Runyi Network Technology Co., Ltd. includes technical consultation and network technology development. In other words, the business scope of the two companies does not include education and training.

In addition, Beijing Firefox Education Technology Co., Ltd. was listed in the business exception list because its registered address and business premises could not be contacted.

In this regard, the legal experts of the China Private Education Association said that the training activities for the society carried out in accordance with the regulations, or the practice licenses of the competent departments of education, human society, cultural tourism, sports, science and technology, or the business scope registered by the Market Supervision Administration, have clear "education and training" business projects. Otherwise, it is illegal to run a school or operate illegally.

In addition, "consulting, planning" and "training" are different business projects, which are different industries in the industry category announced by the National Bureau of Statistics and cannot replace the examination and approval of training projects.

"That is to say, the vocational and technical training activities carried out by this company are illegal without permission and approval.

Consumers can recover their own expenses, and the market supervision department can impose a fine of 1~5 times according to the amount of illegal income.

Guide students to fabricate identities to escape supervision.

Wang Hui's experience is not a case, and "loan guidance" is not a "routine" for tutoring institutions.

On the platform of "Black Cat Complaint", the Beijing News education teacher searched with the keyword "Fire Tiger Education Stages" and found more than 30 related complaints. Some claims are based on "inducing loans for a reason".

On online platforms such as Black Cat Complaints and Zhihu, many training institutions have been instructed to guide college students to obtain training loans. Searching with the keyword "training loan" involves tens of thousands of complaints, and most of the educational institutions complained are vocational skills training institutions in the fields of software design and software training.

Why do college students often fall into the trap of "training loans"?

In the chat record with Firefox Education Sales provided by Wang Hui, the words used by the other party are very routine. For example, tuition is called "docking a financial platform". After handing the QR code to the students, directly say: "The prescription only takes one minute, and the hand speed is fast.

After Wang Hui used the borrowing function of a financial platform to pay 5,000 yuan, "Sister, did I borrow money?" He asked each other. The other party directly asked him to choose installment repayment on the repayment date at the end of the month and continue to collect the remaining tuition fees in 400 yuan.

Urged, "financial end. If the class is not finished, it will be postponed and so on. , but also use a rather depressing sales dialogue.

The other party used sales squeezing methods such as "fast" and "financial off work", saying that students had no time to question at that time.

Photo courtesy of respondents

At the same time, some training institutions said that "students will be guided to fill in false information processing' training loans' on the online platform", and the National Student Financial Assistance Management Center's early warningNo. 1 in 2022 also reminded college students.

Education teachers found on online complaint platforms such as black cats that some complaints about "training loans" are like this.

Take a netizen's complaint about Yunyi painting education on the black cat platform as an example. According to the submitted materials, the staff of the institution pretended to be a concept with the words "education by stages", which was supported by the state and required students to fill in false identity information on the online lending platform.

In the screenshot of the conversation provided by netizens, a seller of Yunyihua Education filled in "business service provider" in the column of student loan occupation and "500" in the column of income on the grounds of "being completely independent of student status in order not to affect students' application for university scholarships and grants".

The Beijing News education teacher noticed that a training institution named Yunyihua was lobbying students to buy courses, "only apply for the tutorial branch of Tencent courses", "Tencent courses will help you get the tutorial vouchers" and "go to Tencent courses to help you apply for the green education channel".

Fictitious identity information when selling induced student loans.

Photo courtesy of respondents

In this regard, the Beijing News asked Tencent Classroom for verification. The other party responded that "Tencent Classroom" had previously explicitly required institutions not to induce consumer loans in their business activities, nor to use the Tencent brand illegally, but at present,

The age of the group is gradually decreasing, which is a common dilemma.

Wang Hui spent a lot of time and energy to return it. After spending nearly a month complaining everywhere, Wang Hui finally got a refund.

"After that, I shared this experience in Zhihu. Find students who have the same experience and help them in this regard.

"Wang Hui said.

In reality, many students are in trouble.

Feng Yueping, a senior partner of Beijing Shi Jing Law Firm, is an expert lawyer of the "black cat" complaint lawyer assistance group.

Since the beginning of this year, Feng Yueping has accepted nearly 1,000 cases of students involved in "training loans" in three or four months. Difficulties are common problems faced by students.

"Teachers will not follow up after paying fees", "poor teaching quality" and "not provided as agreed". In the interview, the instructor found that the courses purchased by students have such problems, and if they want a refund, they are often led by the training institutions for various reasons.

Mao Wendie, a judge of Chaoyang Olympic Village Court, summed up the main reasons for the difficulty according to the trial experience.

First of all, "training loan" is a dual legal relationship, that is, the education and training contract relationship between consumers and education and training institutions, and the loan contract relationship between consumers and financial platforms. The two legal relationships are independent of each other.

Consumers can ask educational institutions to cancel the contract and refund the unused fees, but consumers need to repay the financial platform according to the contract.

In practice, some parties refused to continue repayment on the grounds that the education and training institutions failed to perform the contract and affected their personal credit records.

Secondly, Mao Wendie said that education and training institutions have no obligation to prompt.

"In the trial process, it was found that there were many misunderstandings and guiding behaviors in education and training institutions. Using' training loan' to pay can reduce the pressure of one-time payment, or emphasize the word' installment' to reduce the loan risk.

But in litigation, it is often difficult to prove the induced facts. Because the two legal relationships in the training loan are independent of each other, consumers need to pay the loan if they can't receive the training.

In addition, due to the chaotic internal management of some education and training institutions, some small-scale institutions cooperate with unqualified companies, and there are legal risks such as invasion of privacy in their operations.

Feng Yueping found that the age of the "training loan" group gradually became smaller, and not only college students but also high school students participated in it.

Secondly, there is a great possibility of conspiracy. Some complained institutions are not complete educational institutions, and even "leather bag companies" have blind spots for supervision.

Feng Yueping said that the difficulty is a common feeling, because the maximum consumption is about 6,543,800 yuan, and the cost of resorting to legal proceedings is too high.

With the help of lawyers, most students send lawyers' letters to training institutions or complain to consumers' associations for refunds. "Some institutions are worried that thousands of dollars will affect their business and directly refund them.

"

The hardest part is those who haven't even signed the contract. Feng Yueping said that in the incident he came into contact with, the cable education and training institutions invited students to sign contracts in the school district on the grounds of "concentrating on solving the student loan for everyone".

"At this time, the third-party staff came. Students don't even have a chance to think. Based on the trust in educational institutions, a loan contract was signed. The other party took all the contracts (education and training contracts and loan contracts). When students try to get a refund, they don't even have proof.

"Feng Yueping said that the' third party personnel' in the complaint crowd are actually lenders. If there is no relevant contract, students can neither refund the training institution nor be urged by the lending institution when they want to refund.

After the student is repaid by the lender, in order to collect personal information, he can only repay the loan frankly according to the loan record provided by the other party.

Combating "training loans" requires multi-sectoral joint law enforcement.

It is reported that from 20 16, the regulatory authorities began to rectify the campus loan market.

2065438+June 2007, the former CBRC and other three departments issued a notice, explicitly demanding to suspend the campus credit business of online lending platform, and prohibiting financial institutions such as training and employment institutions from bundling credit products with commercial banks to enter the university campus.

On September 6th, 20 17, Zhao Jianjun, deputy director of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Education, said at the press conference of the Ministry of Education that according to the standardized campus loan management documents, no online lending institution was allowed to issue loans to college students.

Despite this provision, the "training loan" for students has not disappeared. Beijing Chaoyang Olympic Village Court said in the warning propaganda of "training loan" in the spring of 2020 that in the past three years (as of 2020), the city has tried more than 60 education and training contracts related to "training loan".

This is just the case data of resorting to law.

20201October 26th, 10, official website, China Consumers Association, issued a warning. In reality, there are still many bad "campus loans" traps such as "cancellation of campus loans", "routine loans" and "training loans", which have damaged the legitimate rights and interests of the majority of students. Please pay attention.

On March 17, 2023, the General Office of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Central Network Information Office, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security and the People's Bank of China jointly issued the Notice on Further Regulating the Supervision and Management of College Students' Online Consumer Loans to further standardize the supervision and management of college students' online consumer loans.

While the regulatory agencies have repeatedly issued documents to strengthen the supervision of college students' consumer loans, the situation of institutions guiding college students' loans still exists.

Why is "training loan" prohibited?

Feng Yueping believes that profiteering and low illegal cost are one of the important reasons.

"Training institutions believe that it is reasonable for users to buy products through loans, but sales must use this kind of words to form a closed loop of selling products.

For example, if the other party has no money, he will borrow money. Training institutions also have strategic partners for loans. Such "one-stop service" makes it difficult for customers to get out of the "entrance".

"

Secondly, Feng Yueping believes that although the government has issued a lot of policy documents from the perspective of management, the deterrent force in implementation is not enough. To jointly crack down on such illegal acts according to the respective functions and powers of administrative organs, multi-sectoral law enforcement is needed.

For example, is there any false propaganda in sales? Whether it is illegal fund-raising, contracts or even enterprises, only the public security takes the lead and the financial supervision, market supervision, education and other departments jointly enforce the law can the greatest effect be exerted.

At the same time, Feng Yueping said that college students' urgent employment expectations and lack of social experience are often used by training institutions. While intensifying the crackdown, college students should also enhance their awareness of risk prevention.

Mao Wendie also said that on the one hand, the competent authorities suggested strengthening the supervision of funds, contracts and marketing for such education and training institutions, on the other hand, increasing judicial popularization and publicity to improve the awareness and ability of relevant consumers to prevent risks.

In the early warningNo. 1 in 2022, the National Student Financial Assistance Management Center also reminded students to be vigilant, enhance their risk awareness, and improve their identification ability and understanding.

Don't easily add WeChat to strangers who call themselves "teachers", don't join classes with money-making signs, and don't transfer money or lend money on unfamiliar pages or platforms.

When you encounter something that is not smooth, you should think twice before you act, and communicate with teachers and parents in time.

Liu Yang is a teacher of journalism education in Beijing.

Edit Miao proofreading.

If you have any questions about the self-taught/adult-taught examination, don't know the contents of the test sites for self-taught/adult-taught examination, and don't know the local policies for self-taught/adult-taught examination, click on Mr. official website at the bottom to get the review materials for free: