Children are curious, active, exploratory, lack of life experience and poor self-protection ability. They are the most vulnerable and vulnerable group among social members. Therefore, children's safety education is very important. Kindergartens must give priority to protecting children's lives and promoting their health. It should be said that most kindergartens attach great importance to children's safety, but the effect of children's safety education at present is not satisfactory. A survey in 2006 showed that 76.6% of children had the experience of falling or bumping in the game. 66.8% of the children had the experience of falling out of bed; 25.8% children have the experience of falling down stairs. 20 10 vicious safety incidents have occurred continuously in kindergartens in China, and children's safety accidents have occurred frequently. Accidental injury has become the first killer threatening children's life safety and healthy growth.
At present, there are two main problems in kindergarten safety education.
1, value protection over education
Parents and teachers pay more attention to the all-round protection of children, and think that less activity can reduce the occurrence of dangerous accidents. Some parks even reduce children's time for outdoor activities, depriving children of the opportunity to improve their self-protection ability through practical exercise. Although teachers and parents are doing their best to care for children and try their best to reduce accidents, we should clearly realize that adults' protection for children is limited after all, so while paying attention to and protecting children, it is more important to teach children the necessary safety knowledge and enhance their awareness and ability of self-protection.
2. Pay more attention to instilling safety knowledge than training safety behaviors.
In daily safety education, most teachers teach children what to do and what not to do, ignoring escape education and refuge skills training. This kind of education belongs to indoctrination passive education, children often go in one ear and out the other, and its effect can be imagined. There is a distance between knowing and doing. Children know how to do it, but if they don't practice, practice and consolidate, they won't automatically produce corresponding safe behaviors. According to Piaget's point of view, children's behavior will not be automatically generated, nor can it be learned by teachers or parents, but can only be internalized into their cognitive structure through children's active construction.
Therefore, it is necessary to effectively protect children's life safety and physical and mental health, improve the effectiveness of kindergarten safety education, and strengthen children's safety education while strengthening children's safety management. Safety education can't just talk without practice. In addition to strengthening the education of children's safety awareness, the focus should be on the training of children's safety behaviors to promote the formation of their automatic safety behaviors. Children's safety behaviors include two aspects: 1, preventive safety behaviors, that is, safety behaviors aimed at protecting their own lives in daily life, such as not putting foreign objects in their noses, using electricity safely, and obeying traffic rules when going out; 2. Safe self-help behavior, that is, being able to calmly respond to sudden disasters, learning to save themselves and avoid risks, such as making emergency calls, fire self-help, earthquake avoidance, etc.
Strategies for Cultivating Children's Safe Behavior Habits
1, consciously learn in a pleasant game.
Games are children's favorite activities and the best way for children to learn. Through various games, it naturally becomes safe.
The whole content of education tries to solve all kinds of problems in interesting and pleasant games, which can not only help children get the methods of disaster prevention, escape from disasters and self-help and protect themselves, but also meet their emotional needs and gain success and confidence. Therefore, games are an important way of kindergarten safety education, and significant results can be achieved by practicing safety behaviors through various games.
Cosplay
Role-playing is the most typical game in early childhood, and children creatively reflect real life through role-playing. Teachers should fully tap the safety education factors in role games, especially the safety behaviors contained in them, and give full play to their role in safety education. For example, when children play the "Doll's House" game, on the one hand, teachers should create a free, relaxed and warm game atmosphere, so that children can fully enjoy the fun of the game, on the other hand, they can consciously develop game plots such as "Don't open the door to strangers", "Don't eat strangers' things" and "Don't walk with strangers". Organize a "traffic light" game, so that children can master the relevant rules such as "stop at a red light, go at a green light", "pedestrians should walk on the sidewalk or zebra crossing" and "cross the road at a traffic light". Children have absorbed a wealth of safety knowledge in pleasant games, and more importantly, they have gained a deep sense of self-protection and exercised their self-protection behavior through role-playing in games.