Both of them are difficult to improve the local effectiveness in a short time;
Expenditure on education and health is related to the quality of human capital, which has a positive impact on economic growth and social development in the long run.
However, neither health nor education can promote the rapid growth of economic output and fiscal revenue in a short time.
According to the research project of Yang of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics and Liu of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, based on the provincial data analysis of ten years:
In most local governments, education expenditure accounts for about 15% of the total expenditure, which is the largest item in the budget. Appropriately reducing education expenditure can bring a lot of money to other projects that local governments prefer.
"But instead of reducing the proportion of education expenditure, local governments have drastically cut health expenditure. The difference lies in the central government's emphasis on education expenditure and its neglect of health expenditure. "
If there is no difference in the attitude of the central government, local governments should ignore health and education expenditures at the same time for fiscal revenue, but the fact is that the attitude of the central government towards local health and education expenditures is completely different:
On the one hand, the central government has repeatedly passed laws and regulations to emphasize the importance of education expenditure. According to the Compilation of China Government Budget Regulations compiled by the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Budget Working Committee, education expenditure may be the most restrictive expenditure among local expenditure items. For local governments at all levels, education expenditure is a "compulsory expenditure" that is difficult to cut at will.
On the other hand, the central government pays less attention to the importance of health expenditure, and there is no formal legal requirement for health expenditure of local governments. The central government rarely uses laws and regulations to urge local governments to increase health expenditure. Most of the documents were formulated by the Health Planning Commission or by the Health Planning Commission in conjunction with other departments. There are few health care regulations formulated by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.