The lonely city and the white clouds set each other off,

Chu river and the eternal desolation of the west.

The residence is empty, and the autumn grass is gone.

The female wall is still crying at night.

Pingsha is remote and charming.

For the guests, the sunset is elegant and low.

Birds don't know what happened in the valley,

Go to Yiyang River in the morning and evening.

Appreciation of Liu Changqing's Poems

Yugan county, Raozhou in Tang Dynasty, is now Yugan, Jiangxi. "Ancient County" refers to yugan county built before the Tang Dynasty. This poem by Liu Changqing is a masterpiece mourning the past and hurting the present, and it has become a famous work in the Tang Dynasty.

In the second year of Tang Suzong Shangyuan (76 1), Liu Changqing passed Yugan on his way back from Nanba, Panzhou, Lingnan. He was framed for his incorruptibility, so he deeply felt the political corruption and the dirty officialdom at that time. Now the region he has experienced has just experienced warlord melee and people's hardship, which makes the poet more and more worried about the national luck of the Tang Dynasty. This lyric poem contains such deep sighs, loneliness and sadness, deep confusion, feelings in the scene, feelings outside the image, endless thoughts and thought-provoking.

This is a small mountain city, standing high by the water, just like an isolated city on the fortress, and standing in the western part of Yue State as in the pre-Qin period. It is too high, as if it were as high as the white clouds in the sky; It is so desolate here that it seems that no one has been here since ancient times. The city is empty, and the former government office building has long since disappeared in the thick weeds in autumn. Only the female wall on the city is still there, but soldiers can no longer be seen patrolling. Only crows can be heard in the city at night.

Standing at the head of the city, the flat sand is boundless and endless; The lonely sunset, facing the poet, a distant visitor, Ran Ran, fell, and the world was extraordinarily silent. In this desolate world, the poet remembered the poem "The Book of Songs Xiaoya at the Turn of October": "The high shore is the valley, and the deep valley is the mausoleum. Those who mourn today will not be punished. " Isn't the vicissitudes of the ancient city "ancient spiritual change"? The poet was deeply moved by the changes of history. But ignorant birds don't understand all this and still fly here to feed. They will come and go.

This poem is full of emotion and does not stick to historical facts. In order to highlight the theme, the poet made bold fiction and imagination. In the early Tang Dynasty, the poet abandoned the city and moved it forward to the pre-Qin period. The reason for the abandonment was the transfer of county administration, and the poet implicitly implied that political corruption led to the decline of the ancient city. Therefore, the second couplet is about the desolation of the city, highlighting that the official residence and the female wall still exist, suggesting that the ancient city was not destroyed by the war. Sanlian wrote that the four fields were desolate and the farmland turned into flat sand. At the end of the couplet, it comes down to the annihilation of people. With the allusions at the turn of October, it is implied that the ancient city was abandoned because of political corruption, which led people to leave their homes and flee everywhere.

The old saying "The Turn of October" was written by "the doctor stabbed the king", which strongly accused Zhou Youwang of being dissolute and fatuous, and making mistakes in his country and people. "Bandits descended from the sky, monks piled up their backs, and job disputes were left to people", which led to great disasters in ancient times and even "all people had to flee"

This is a landscape poem as well as a political lyric poem. The scenery it depicts is historical, not natural. The desolate ancient city is just an example of the poet's thoughts and emotions, which is used to meditate on sentimentality, cherish the memory of history and reflect on reality. Therefore, this poem is not only fictional and imaginative in dealing with the subject matter, but also highlights the poet's feelings and self-image in the structure of the poem. Therefore, Fang commented on this poem and said: "The implication is that there are people in the market and poets, so they are called authors."

zhl20 1702