This refreshing of academic achievement goal-from "knowledge theory" to "accomplishment theory" is an inevitable response to correct the disadvantages of traditional education, and it is also an inevitable appeal of school education goals in the new era. It does the opposite and seeks the balanced development of three "academic ability views"

Seek the balanced development of mental and physical strength. "A sound mind resides in a sound body", and exercise is not only the only way to forge physical strength, but also the only way to forge mental power, which is extremely important to people's way of thinking, perception and even the success of life. However, physical education is distorted and marginalized under the background of exam-oriented education.

Seek the balanced development of cognitive ability and non-cognitive ability. OECD's research on "social affective ability" shows that cognitive abilities such as reading ability, calculating ability and problem-solving ability are very important, while creativity is as important as non-cognitive abilities such as critical thinking, endurance, self-control and resilience.

Seek the balanced development of subject literacy and interdisciplinary literacy. Subject teaching is a systematic organization of subject content based on mother knowledge, and comprehensive learning is learning beyond subject boundaries. They complement each other and become two necessary learning methods to cultivate "core literacy".

First, the double-base theory. It emphasizes "the basic academic ability that people must possess" and extracts the connotation of "reading, writing and calculating"-the lowest condition that distinguishes people from animals is the "reading, writing and calculating" that supports people's cognitive ability.

Second, the three-dimensional target theory. It emphasizes "the basic academic ability as the foundation of the discipline", which is the lowest condition of interpersonal communication ability and the part that can best show "human nature". Without this ability, not only in the level of "academic ability", but also in the level of "personality", the right to exist as a person can not be guaranteed.

Third, the core literacy theory. It emphasizes "the basic literacy necessary for being a citizen of the world"-different countries and nationalities have different connotations of "reading, writing and calculating", but as a prerequisite for cultivating "global consciousness" and "national self-confidence", the basic education stage should cultivate the minimum universal ability of human beings, that is, "core literacy".