University education, undergraduate education and postgraduate education. Article 16 of the Higher Education Law stipulates that higher education is divided into junior college education, undergraduate education and postgraduate education. Higher academic education should meet the following academic standards: (1) College education should enable students to master the basic theories and professional knowledge necessary for their major, and have the basic skills and preliminary ability to engage in practical work in their major; (2) Undergraduate education should enable students to systematically master the basic theories and knowledge necessary for this discipline and major, master the basic skills, methods and related knowledge necessary for this major, and have the initial ability to engage in practical work and research work in this major; (3) Postgraduate education should enable students to master solid basic theories and systematic professional knowledge in this discipline, master corresponding skills, methods and related knowledge, and have the ability to engage in practical work and scientific research in this major. Doctoral postgraduate education should enable students to master solid and broad basic theories, systematic and in-depth professional knowledge, corresponding skills and methods, and have the ability to independently engage in creative scientific research and practical work in this discipline.