The main data of the sixth population census was released a few days ago, which aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. The survey data reflects the great changes in the population of China in the first decade of the new century. In particular, demographic changes will have a great impact on education. How will education cope with the new situation?
The school-age population has greatly decreased.
0? /kloc-the proportion of the population aged 0/4 to the total population decreased by 6.29 percentage points compared with that before 10. 3 1 province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the central government has an average population of 3. 10, which is 0.34 less than the population of 3.44 in the 2000 census. The number of families has been shrinking continuously, mainly due to the decline of fertility level, the increase of floating population and the independent life of young people after marriage in China.
The floating population has increased significantly.
The number of floating population increased sharply in 10, exceeding 200 million. Compared with the 2000 census, the number of people whose residence is inconsistent with the township street where their household registration is located and who have left their household registration for more than half a year has increased by1170,000, with an increase of 8 1.03%. Excluding municipal districts, the population separated from households increased by 10036 million, an increase of 82.89%. This is mainly because the accelerated transfer of rural labor force and the rapid economic development in China have promoted the large increase of floating population over the years.
The degree of imbalance of sex ratio at birth has decreased.
The male population accounts for 5 1.27%, and the female population accounts for 48.73%. The sex ratio of the total population has dropped from 65,438+006.74 in the 2000 census to 65,438+005.20 (female population is 65,438+000.00), and the male population is 65,438+0.59 percentage points higher than the female population.
The aging of the population structure has intensified.
The population aged 60 and above accounted for 13.26%, and the population aged 65 and above accounted for 8.87%, which were 2.93 percentage points higher than the fifth national census and 1.9 1 percentage point respectively, indicating that the aging process in China is accelerating.
Source: Statistics China, 20 1 1-04-28.
Pay attention to the situation of rural teachers in poverty-stricken areas
Four counties in Guangxi: rural teachers change? Old? teacher
A few days ago, when interviewing rural basic education in Wuming, Hengxian, Napo, Shanglin and other places in Guangxi, the reporter learned that in some rural areas with difficult conditions, some outstanding teachers in their prime of life fled one after another. At present, teachers are getting older and rural teachers are not picking up. Rural education is facing the dilemma of no successor. According to the data of Rongxian County, about 55% of the primary school teachers in the county are over 40 years old. There are 3376 rural teachers in Huangxian County, among whom 1 7 18 are over 40 years old, accounting for about 50% of the county. The average age of primary school teachers in Lang Ping Township and Hengxian Township is also 44 years old. About 48% of rural primary school teachers in Guangxi are over 40 years old, and only 32% of rural teachers are under 35 years old. In fact, this data is similar in Guangxi and even the whole western region? Old teachers have become the main force of rural teachers at present. Even the best central primary school in town? A similar situation exists in Baihe Town Central Primary School. There are 40 teachers in the school, 40? 50-year-old teachers account for 30%, 50 years old? Teachers aged 60 account for 30%, and there are only two teachers under 30.
Source: Zhou Shimin, China Education News, 2011-05-15.
Sichuan: There is a serious shortage of art and sports teachers, and it is common to teach things that have not been learned.
According to a statistical data provided by the Education Bureau of a city in eastern Sichuan, according to the teacher-student ratio standard of 1: 15.348, music teachers should be allocated 1.052, with a gap of 66% and physical education teachers should be allocated 1.500, with a gap of nearly 65%. There are outstanding problems in the quantity, structure and quality of rural primary and secondary school teachers in Sichuan Province. There is a shortage of teachers in weak disciplines, and it is more common for part-time teachers who are not studying or transferring to other disciplines to teach.
Source: Li, China Education News, 2011-05-15.
Yongshou County, Shaanxi Province: The loss of teachers in poor counties has serious consequences
Yongshou County, Shaanxi Province is a national poverty-stricken county. Financial constraints lead to poor school facilities, poor office conditions and low teachers' salaries. The income of teachers has also formed a great contrast with the surrounding counties. According to statistics, from 1995 to now, only senior high school teachers have lost more than 120 people, most of whom are young and middle-aged excellent teachers with undergraduate degrees, and now most of them have become backbone teachers or famous teachers in other schools. The loss of teachers makes teachers understaffed and the burden on in-service teachers increases. If there is a shortage of teachers in Yongshou Middle School, the school will increase the teaching workload of in-service teachers, recruit some retired teachers and arrange heavier teaching tasks for young teachers who have just been assigned to the school. This makes in-service teachers feel heavy workload and mental stress. The questionnaire survey shows that 300 people think the workload is heavy, accounting for 60% of the respondents. Due to the loss of backbone teachers, a vicious circle is formed, and the loss of excellent students is serious, which leads to a small number of students in the college entrance examination in Yongshou County, a big gap with neighboring counties, and low satisfaction of the masses. The loss of teachers has also brought difficulties to school personnel management. In order to attract backbone teachers, some units and localities have taken measures such as not filing records, not issuing transfer orders, and not fulfilling the procedures for talent flow.
Source: Wang Xiaoling, China Education News, 2011-05-15.
Education news
Non-governmental organizations explore the construction of private kindergartens in western rural areas
Non-governmental public welfare organizations? Beijing Western Sunshine Rural Development Foundation? More than a dozen rural kindergartens have been established in rural areas of Gansu Province. In the form of citizen cooperation, idle school buildings are provided free of charge by the local area, and the foundation provides early investment such as hardening roads, purchasing equipment and training teachers. The teachers employed are mainly local or local villagers, with different education levels from junior high school to junior college, and they are employed after learning and training. Children's fees range from each semester 120 yuan (more than 4 months) to 280 yuan, and all kindergartens will be self-financing after one year. It is reported that the foundation has invested an average of 60,000 yuan to build a rural kindergarten. In kindergarten, financially? Independent? After that, the Foundation continued to provide teacher training, educational guidance and evaluation, forming a learning community for teachers' growth and promoting the improvement of education quality. Kindergartens also hold parent-teacher conferences, health talks, etc., which have become a new cultural growth point after the school is withdrawn and merged into the countryside. Through the combination of external resource introduction and internal resource development? Do locals develop local education? Target.
Source: Yang Dongping blog, 2011-05-10.
Luonan County, Shaanxi Province: A Breakthrough of Preschool Education in National Poverty-stricken Counties
Have you solved the key problems in Luonan County, Shaanxi Province? Investment is not guaranteed? 、? There is no venue for the park? 、? Teachers have no source? And then what? Insufficient management experience? The four major problems have created a characteristic road for the development of preschool education in poor areas. It is reported that the gross enrollment rate in Luonan County is 94.2% one year before school and 83.8% three years before school.
Source: Zhang Yijin, Ke Changwan, China Education News, 20 1 1-05-06.
The threshold of junior high school entrance for non-Beijing students in Beijing remains unchanged.
A few days ago, the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Education Commission pointed out that in 20 1 1 year, non-Beijing school-age children still need to provide five certificates such as Beijing temporary residence permit (temporary residence permit, actual residence certificate, employment certificate, certificate of no guardianship in the local area issued by the township government where the household registration is located, and family household registration book). The day before yesterday, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission announced the 20 1 1 junior high school policy, and the children of migrant workers only need to provide two certificates: residence certificate and household registration book. At present, the relevant departments have not disclosed the specific reasons for the policy changes.
Source: Yu Zhongning, Workers Daily, 2011-05-12.
Nanjing, Fujian: For the random education system? Borrow? The teacher said? No?
20 1 1 in Nanjing county, Fujian province, stipulates that all departments and units are not allowed to borrow teachers at will. According to the regulations, all departments and units are not allowed to borrow teachers at will. If it is really necessary to borrow teachers for the work of the county party Committee and the county government center, it must be reported to the county party Committee for study and determination, and the borrowing procedures shall be handled according to regulations. Even if it is really necessary to borrow it because of work needs, not all teachers can. Borrowed? . The county has made it clear that seconded teachers should have more than five years of teaching experience, and the secondment time should not exceed one year in principle. Academic leaders at or above the county level, senior teachers' titles, who have been rated as excellent teachers at or above the municipal level, and who have participated in the training of key teachers at or above the municipal level shall not be lent out.
Source: Long Chaofan, China Education News, 2011-05-14.
Research and data
The survey shows that 90% primary and secondary school teachers lack knowledge of sex education.
According to a recent survey published by China Sexology magazine, nearly half of the teachers don't know that for school-age children, the main responsibility of sex education lies in the school. Some primary and secondary school teachers are very vague about the content of sex education, and use physiological knowledge education instead of heterosexual communication and sexual psychological counseling; How to prevent sexual assault, sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS and other sexual safety education is also seriously lacking, and teachers do not know what healthy and civilized sexual concepts and sexual morality include. 9 1.2% primary and secondary school teachers think that they don't have enough knowledge, they can't be frank, generous and natural in sex education, and they lack educational methods.
Source: Dai Lili, Beijing Evening News, 2011-05-12.
The report says that family influence and online temptation have become juvenile crimes? Accomplice?
A few days ago, the Report on Sampling Investigation and Analysis of Juvenile Offenders in China in 20 10 was released. According to the report, 18 juvenile crime statistics show that? Robbery? Is the crime involving the largest number of juvenile offenders, close to 60% of the total number of people investigated, followed by? Theft? , close to 20%. The survey shows that you are investigating juvenile offenders? Have you ever hated your parents? At that time, nearly 4 1% of juvenile offenders chose to hate their father or mother. When answering the reason why you hate your parents, fill in? Not understanding enough? 、? Don't care about your psychological feelings? 、? Don't let me do what I want? The selection rate of these three items is above 40%. Among juvenile offenders, chatting and playing games online account for more than 60%, and many juvenile crimes are related to the adverse effects of the internet. The investigation results of juvenile offenders' online purpose show that the three choices of online chatting, online games and watching online movies are all above 70%.
Source: Du Meng, Legal Daily, 20 1 1-05-05.
The survey shows:? Children's development expectations? The biggest motivation for adults' life
The Blue Book of Social Mentality published by the Institute of Sociology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences on 20 1 1 points out that there is a strong life force behind the changes in the lifestyle of contemporary China people, and it presents a relatively stable diversified pattern. Among them, there are 9 kinds of life motives generally recognized by the public, in order of intensity: first, children's development expectations; The second is the pursuit of personal interests; The third is to pursue family happiness; The fourth is to pursue interpersonal advantages; The fifth is to pursue life safety; Sixth, try your best to do your duty; Seventh, realize self-worth; Eight is to contribute to society; Nine is the pursuit of life interest.
Source: Tong Shu Quan Beijing Daily 20 1 1-05-05.
International Perspective
South Korea: Compulsory education will arrive in kindergarten classes in advance.
The South Korean government recently announced that Korean children who have reached the age of 5 from 20 12 will be included in the common education system, and the compulsory education in South Korea will be extended from the current nine years to 10. The new policy promotes compulsory education to large classes in kindergartens. It is reported that the new policy is not mandatory, and parents can decide whether to send their five-year-old children to the park for education. According to the new policy, the Korean government will make a unified plan for the education of children under 5 years old and formulate national unified standards in education standards and teaching management; The government will bear two-thirds of the five-year-old children's education funds, about 200,000 won per month (about 12 18 yuan RMB), and then increase the subsidy ratio year by year until the full subsidy of 300,000 won (about 1827 RMB) is realized in 20 16.
Source: Rola Chen, Xinhuanet, 20 1 1-05-03.
Biweekly voice
Zhongqing Daily: Training courses can't cultivate innovative talents.
The cultivation of innovative talents has become a hot topic. Some cities have also introduced relevant measures: first, early training of supernormal children; The second is to adopt special education models such as experimental classes in ordinary middle schools; The third is to explore the training mode of how to connect with universities and research institutes in high school. Some key middle schools have introduced measures to cultivate early supernormal children and set up various experimental classes. In a school, artificially creating a small environment will be a group of people who claim to be? Innovative talents in the future? The advantages and disadvantages of teaching together for children's physical and mental growth are worth discussing. Now people are talking about the achievements of education in the Republic of China. But it seems that educators at that time never mentioned training talents? What classes have you set up? And the well-known fact is, in those days? Innovative talents? However, no matter in the fields of humanities and social sciences or natural sciences, they are as bright as stars. Excessive mention now? Cultivate innovative talents? This slogan not only failed to touch the pain point of China's education problem, but also violated the original meaning of education and was suspected of being utilitarian.
Source: Wang Li, China Youth Daily, 2011-05-10.