Speaker: Angela Lee Duckworth? Angela Lee Duckworth
Language: English
Introduction: 20 19? |? Angela Lee Duckworth quit a promising business management consulting job and went to a public school in New York State to teach math to seventh graders. She soon realized that IQ was not the only criterion to distinguish successful students from those who tried but failed. Here, she explained her theory that the harbinger of success is "perseverance".
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Chinese-English translation
When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding management consulting job to engage in a more demanding job: teaching. I went to new york public school to teach seventh grade math. Like other teachers, I took quizzes and tests. I assigned my homework. When I come back from work, I calculate my grades.
At the age of 27, I quit a challenging career-business management consulting, and devoted myself to a more challenging career: education. I came to some public schools in new york to teach math to seventh graders. Like other teachers, I will give students quizzes and exams and give them homework. When these papers and homework were collected, I calculated their scores.
To my shock, IQ is not the only difference between my best students and my worst students. Some of my best performers don't have extremely high IQ scores. Some of my brightest children are not doing very well.
To my shock, IQ is not the only difference between my best students and my worst students. Some students with good academic performance have low IQ scores. On the contrary, some very smart children don't do so well in their studies.
It got me thinking. Of course, what you need to learn in seventh grade mathematics is very difficult: ratio, decimal, parallelogram area. But these concepts are not impossible. I firmly believe that every student of mine can learn these materials if they work hard enough and for a long time.
This caused me to think. Of course, the things that seventh-grade students need to learn are more difficult, such as proportion, decimal, and area calculation of parallelogram. But these concepts can be mastered completely. I firmly believe that every student of mine can learn the content of the textbook as long as he is willing to spend time and energy.
After several years of teaching, I have come to the conclusion that what we need in education is to better understand students and learn from the perspective of motivation and psychology. In education, we know how to best measure IQ, but what if doing well in school and life depends not only on your ability to learn quickly and easily?
After several years of teaching, I have come to a conclusion that what we need in education is a deeper understanding of students and learning behavior from the perspective of learning motivation and psychology. In the education system, we all know that IQ is the standard to evaluate outstanding students, but what if outstanding performance in school and life depends not only on your ability to study easily and efficiently?
So I left the classroom and went to graduate school to become a psychologist. I began to study children and adults in various challenging environments. In each study, my question was, who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy. We try to predict which students will continue military training and which will quit. We took part in the national spelling bee and tried to predict which children would make the fastest progress in the contest. ?
So I left the podium and went back to school to continue my master's degree in psychology. I began to study children and adults. In all kinds of challenging situations, in all kinds of research, my question is who is successful and why are they successful? My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy to investigate, and we tried to predict which cadets could withstand military training and which would be eliminated. We went to the national spelling bee and tried to predict which children would enter the finals.
We studied novice teachers working in very difficult communities, and asked which teachers will stay here to teach at the end of the school year, and who will improve students' learning results most effectively? We cooperated with private companies and asked which of these salespeople would keep their jobs. Who will make the most money?
We study new teachers who work in bad working conditions and ask them which teachers have decided to stay and teach after the end of the school year, and which of them can improve students' academic performance the fastest. We cooperate with private enterprises and ask them which salespeople can keep their jobs and which can make the most money.
In all these very different backgrounds, one feature has become an important predictor of success. Nor is it social intelligence. Not good looks, healthy body, not IQ, but courage.
In all these different situations, there is a personality characteristic that stands out, which indicates success to a great extent. And it is not social intelligence. It is not a beautiful appearance, a strong body, nor a high IQ, it is perseverance.
Courage is enthusiasm and persistence in long-term goals. Perseverance is endurance. Courage is to stick to your future, day after day, not just a week, not just a month, but a few years, and work hard to make the future come true. Courage is to treat life as a marathon, not a sprint.
Perseverance is the passion and persistence for long-term goals. Persistence is persistence in the future. Perseverance is not only lasting for a week or a month, but working hard for years or even decades to make dreams come true. Persistence means treating life as a marathon, not a sprint.
A few years ago, I started studying gravel in Chicago public schools. I asked thousands of senior three students to take part in the courage questionnaire, and then waited for more than a year to see who could graduate. ?
A few years ago, in public schools in Chicago, I began to study perseverance. I made a questionnaire survey on perseverance among thousands of junior high school students, and then waited for more than a year to see which students could finally graduate.
It turns out that tougher children are more likely to graduate, even if I match them in every feature I can measure, such as family income, standardized test scores, and even children's sense of security at school. Therefore, courage is the most important thing, not only in the West Point Military Academy or the national spelling bee. It also exists in schools, especially those children who are at risk of dropping out of school. ?
The results show that those students with more perseverance have an absolute advantage in graduation probability. Even with the same quantifiable external factors such as family income, standardized achievement test scores, and even how much security children can get in school, persevering students are more likely to graduate. Perseverance is not only needed at West Point Military Academy or the national spelling bee. The same is true at school, especially those children who are on the verge of dropping out of school.
For me, the most shocking thing about gravel is that we know very little about building it, and science knows very little about it. Every day, parents and teachers ask me, "How can I cultivate children's courage? How can I teach children a firm professional ethics? How can I keep them motivated for a long time? " The honest answer is that I don't know. ?
For myself, the most shocking thing about perseverance is that we know very little about perseverance, and how little science understands how to cultivate perseverance. Every day, parents and teachers come to ask me, "What can I do to cultivate children's perseverance? What can be done to teach children real professional ethics? How can we mobilize their long-term enthusiasm? " Honestly, I don't know.
What I know is that talent won't make you tough. Our data show very clearly that many talented people just don't keep their promises. In fact, in our data, perseverance usually has nothing to do with the measure of talent, or even the opposite.
All I know is that talent can't keep you going. Our data clearly show that there are many talented people who can't keep their promises. In fact, according to our data, perseverance usually has nothing to do with other factors, and even runs counter to the measurement of talent.
So far, the best idea I have heard about cultivating children's courage is "growth mentality", a view put forward by Carol D weck of Stanford University, which believes that the ability to learn is not fixed, but can be changed with your efforts. Dr Dwek has shown that when children read and understand the brain and how it changes and grows in response to challenges, they are more likely to persevere when they fail, because they don't believe that failure is a permanent condition.
So far, I have heard that the most effective way to cultivate children's tough quality is called "growth thinking mode". Carlo Duwick of Stanford University put forward a point. He believes that people's learning ability is changeable, and it changes with your efforts. Professor Dewey said that when children read and learn about the brain and its changes and growth in the face of challenges, they are more likely to persist after failure because they don't believe that they will fail forever.
Therefore, it is a good idea to cultivate courage to grow up. But we need more. This is where I want to end my speech, because this is where we are. This is the work before us. We need to come up with our best ideas, our strongest intuition and we need to test them. We need to measure whether we are successful or not. We must be willing to fail, make mistakes, learn from our mistakes and start over.
Therefore, the growth thinking mode is of great benefit to cultivating perseverance. But we need more. I decided to end my comments here, because we are going through all this. This is the task before us. We should put forward the best ideas and the strongest intuition, and we should practice them. We need to measure the success of all this, and we are also eager to learn from failures and mistakes and try again.
In other words, we need to make our children stronger.
In other words, only by becoming more persistent can children be more persistent.
Thank you. (Applause)
Thank you (applause)