First, "teaching without distinction" and "six classics are all art" reflect the extensiveness of educational objects and the richness of content, which requires our education to face all and achieve all-round development.
The "education without class" advocated by Confucius is aimed at "learning in the official", which is opposite to "family has dignity" and "family has stupidity", and declares that education is no longer the patent of nobles. "The Master's Gate is so complicated" is a strong proof. Confucius disciples come from a wide range of social levels, and their social status is also very complicated. For example, Yan Hui lived in a humble alley and lived a poor life. Gongye is often imprisoned; Lutz ate quinoa and burned, and once supported her mother for a hundred miles. Among the famous disciples of Confucius, only Meng and Nangong were born in famous families, and Zi Gong was the richest.
The "Six Classics are all arts" advocated by Confucius. As far as its role in human development is concerned, rites and music attach importance to wisdom, shooting and body control, music has aesthetic education function, and "Six Arts" takes into account all kinds of education. "Art" also highlights the characteristics of paying equal attention to intelligence and demand; "Rite" mainly refers to social life norms and moral norms. Confucius inherited the idea of respecting morality in the Western Zhou Dynasty, clearly put forward the theory of governing the country by virtue, and advocated governing the country by virtue and educating people by virtue. Its moral education is rich in content and level, while morality, benevolence and art are gradually decreasing. Promoting Taoism is the highest principle, relying on virtue is the concrete expression of Taoism, relying on virtue is the concrete content of virtue, and entertainment is the practical application of benevolence. He believes that to be a virtuous person, you must "learn what you know"; To become an "adult" with perfect personality, we should not only learn, adapt and stand on the Tao (that is, keep the Tao), but also implement it flexibly. Quality education emphasizes the organic unity of morality, culture and science, body, psychology, labor skills and aesthetic quality, and ideological quality is the first.
Secondly, "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude", "learning from each other" and "inspiring and inducing" reflect the flexibility and diversity of teaching methods, which requires our education to attach importance to developing students' personality.
Confucius emphasized that "if you don't get angry, you will get angry, if you don't get frustrated, you will get angry", which tells us that it is useless for students to instill more if they don't study hard. Quality-oriented education recognizes the differences between people, and thus gives different education according to different personality characteristics, that is, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, so that the personality of the educated can be healthy and perfect.
"Learning from teaching" embodies the relationship between teaching and learning. Confucius advocated learning from the educated and the leading role of teachers. He once praised the promotion of Xia Zi and Zi Gong: "It's also businessmen who give alms, and they can only talk about poetry." Confucius also criticized Yan Hui: "The reward is not to help me, because I have nothing to say."
Quality education emphasizes the change from attaching importance to teaching method to paying equal attention to teaching method and learning method, in which inspiration and induction are the key. Confucius believes that students' psychological and cognitive differences must be recognized, teachers should teach on the basis of students' learning, and teaching activities should be centered on students' learning. This principle focuses on stimulating students' learning motivation and grasping students' learning mechanism, with the aim of improving students' learning ability. He repeatedly stressed: "Don't be angry, don't be angry, don't be angry. For example, if you don't take three corners against each other, it will never happen again. In other words, inspiration and guidance should be based on students' learning, which is both the foundation and the destination. He advocated that "knowing is not as good as being good, and being good is not as good as being happy", and revealed three psychological states of learning and their influences on learning. Teachers should not simply teach students ready-made answers, but let students ask questions worth solving through follow-up efforts through teaching activities, so that students can really "learn".
Thirdly, "combining learning with thinking" and "reviewing the past and learning the new" pay attention to the mobility and innovation of learning methods, which requires our teaching to pay attention to cultivating students' innovative consciousness and ability.
Confucius believes that learning is the starting point of seeking knowledge and energy. "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." "I've tried not eating for a day, not sleeping for a night, and it's useless to think. It's better to study." What he said about learning is not only book knowledge, but also perceptual knowledge and the experience of "seeing more" and "listening more". Confucius also thinks that learning can't be separated from thinking, and thinking helps learning, so he pays attention to cultivating students' thinking habits. "A gentleman has Jiu Si" and "a gentleman has two minds", which requires students to distinguish and listen, cultivate their own reasoning and inductive ability, and achieve "one listening and two knowing", "one listening and ten knowing", "drawing inferences from others" and "being able to draw inferences from others". He also asked students to adhere to "consistency" while being knowledgeable, and form a scattered knowledge system through induction, that is, "returning from blogs".
Confucius also paid attention to cultivating students' memory ability, and advocated "knowing it silently" and "knowing it with many words". Its advocacy of "reviewing the past and learning the new" highlights innovation to a great extent. When compiling the Six Classics, he insisted on the objective attitude of "narrating the past" and made great contributions to the preservation of ancient cultural heritage. However, in the Western Zhou Dynasty, when using the thought of etiquette and law, he boldly gained and lost, and "taking narration as work" embodied a strong spirit of innovation.
In addition, Confucius morally asked people to "see the sage Si Qi" and "see the sage Si Qi". In modern society, on the one hand, scientific and economic development brings happiness to mankind and improves people's quality of life; On the other hand, it brings negative by-products to social development, such as ecological balance, environmental pollution, scientific and technological fraud, scientific and technological crime and so on. As someone pointed out to the nail on the head, moral decay and abnormal development of intelligence are the two killers of the development of modern society. Therefore, quality education should not only arm people with modern scientific and cultural knowledge, but also cultivate people with noble morality. Confucius' practice of attaching importance to students' moral cultivation is of positive significance to building a harmonious society.