Progressive education, as its name implies, is education with progressive spirit.

There is an old man named Dewey in the United States who has also been to China. At the beginning of the 20th century, Dewey (1859- 1952) applied his pragmatic philosophy to the field of education, and his experiments and theories further strengthened the momentum of progressivism and even spread to China. From 19 10 to 1920s, many new schools have been established in the United States, and many old schools have joined the progressive camp. Schools in urban areas more widely adopt activity courses, core courses and design teaching methods. These schools are characterized by children-oriented, tolerant discipline, coeducation and curriculum experiments, neglect of study and examination, and encouragement of artistic and manual learning. The Society for Progressive Education was founded in 19 19 and reached its peak in 1930. After World War II, people gradually realized that progressive education could not improve their knowledge level, the progressive education movement gradually declined, and the Progressive Education Association was dissolved on 1955, which declared the end of this era. But progressivism still has an impact on American education.

Dewey once commented on the success or failure of the progressive education movement that has been popular for half a century. He also believes that the greatest achievement of this trend of thought is to change the atmosphere of classroom life, have a better understanding of children's needs, and have a more democratic relationship between teachers and students. However, the weakness of progressive education needs to be greatly improved in the selection and organization of knowledge-based teaching materials.

Dewey, an American old man, is engaged in progressive education. It should be said that in the United States under the background of big industry at that time, people at that time advocated freedom and democracy, factories needed more high-quality workers, and society as a whole tended to be liberal. This is related to the founding history of the United States and the world background. During the thirty years from 1920 to 1950, World War I just ended, covering the whole World War II. The United States was the actual beneficiary of the two world wars, and it was during this period that the United States became the world's number one superpower. It is also the period when industrial manufacturing reached its peak.

Therefore, the progressive education in the United States cannot be considered only from the field of education. From the perspective of the overall development of the world and the United States, the progressive education at that time met the needs of American society at that time.

There is an older man in China named Wang Yangming. The old man is very skilled, but his career is really depressed. Middle-aged first, become a Beijing official. However, because he took the passbook to help others, he was demoted to Guizhou as the director of the reception office. The conditions are quite poor. In loneliness and boredom, the old man realized the unity of conscience and knowing and doing. He used this to quell the chaos in San Francisco, but he was still excluded by the officialdom. He probably wanted to understand that being an official really didn't make any progress, so he just opened a university and became the president himself. This university is great (Donglin Academy) and is constantly carrying out educational reform. For example, Master Wang's disciples remember that the manual said that Teacher Wang advocated teaching students. Every morning when I meet my teacher at school, the teacher asks him if he is filial at home, how is his way to school, and is he friendly to his classmates. After answering the questions, he exchanged gifts between teachers and students, and then went to study. This clearly puts moral education in the first place! The old man also advocates that children should not just learn by rote, but must read poems with shaking legs (dancing) and rhythm (music), and help teachers clean up (work), and completely develop five educations simultaneously. You mean progress? Therefore, the students taught by the old gentleman are particularly awesome, and officials below the emperor have become pawns, holding state affairs and forming their own party, which led the emperors of the Qing Dynasty to directly make gangs a big crime because they were afraid of these college students.

Generally speaking, the purpose, content and practice of progressive education in each era are different, but they all have the same characteristics, that is, they must meet the requirements of that era, be more advanced and have higher quality than education in the same social background.

If this definition holds, then the progressive education under the background of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era should meet the needs of the development of the times, achieve "moral education first, all-round development, integrity-oriented, integration of knowledge and practice", pay more attention to "educating people", "lifelong", "intellectual education" and "integration", and cultivate high-quality builders and successors in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

The so-called progress should reflect high quality in the training goal, all-round, whole-process and lifelong in the education mechanism, and all-round in the education mode. In the means of educating people, it embodies the advanced nature, diversity and intelligence; In terms of educational effect, it reflects a high level.

If we make a bold guess about progressive education, I think what needs to be changed most at present is the school governance system. For example, the current school management system requires schools to establish three offices and one room, namely, moral education office, academic affairs office, general affairs office and office. The moral education department and the teaching department are obviously two opposites. To a great extent, for a long time, our educational problems are reflected in the lack of morality, wisdom, weakness, beauty and labor. It is conceivable that the teaching department only cares about intellectual education, while the moral education department cares about ideological and political education, sports, art, labor and science and technology. The two sides compete for time and resources, and the two sides are opposed everywhere. The way the headmaster manages the work of the whole school is to manage the moral education department for a period of time and the teaching department for a period of time. Fire fighting and emergencies are also normal.

Five educations have been emphasized to such a high degree. Why can't moral education be combined with teaching?

In the final analysis, school work is like a factory, which produces the material products and talents needed by the country and nation produced by the school. Here, we can change our thinking from the production link. You see, if a normal factory has a department, it must be design, production, inspection and sales. With the concept of school, it is necessary to establish planning and planning (design), education and teaching (production), academic evaluation (testing) and educational administration (sales).

This is a bold guess, but I think there are still many benefits. First, to realize the integration of five educations in the whole process, starting from the integration of five educations in planning, education and teaching, and academic evaluation, then the final result will certainly produce talents with five educations in one; Second, it is conducive to mutual integration and improve efficiency. What used to be done separately can now be done together in one system. For example, under such a system, when designing a class, teachers must consider what students have learned in terms of ideology and morality, knowledge and skills, aesthetic education, physical education and labor, and do so from preparing lessons, attending lectures, homework and evaluation, so that there is no need to run so many activities alone, concentrate many activities and do great things with limited resources; The third is to meet the demand. Now the evaluation of students is based on ability, reading and flexible application. To put it bluntly, the core is to test the socialist core values and the five educations simultaneously. If you are partial to the subject, it means that your quality is not high, and your quality is not high, so just do it together. Well done, everyone is high quality, and all high quality is balanced.