1. What are the basic requirements for hazardous chemicals business units stipulated in the Measures for the Administration of Hazardous Chemicals Business License? Key answer points: 1. The business and storage sites, facilities and buildings meet the national standards "Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings" (GB500 16-2006), "Safety Regulations for Explosive Dangerous Places" and "Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Warehouse", and the buildings have passed the acceptance of public security fire control institutions. 2. The operating conditions and storage conditions meet the requirements of Operating Conditions and Technical Requirements for Hazardous Chemicals Trading Enterprises (GB 18265-2000) and General Rules for Storage of Commonly Used Hazardous Chemicals (GB 15603- 1995). 3. The main person in charge of the unit and the person in charge, safety production management personnel and business personnel have passed professional training and examination, and obtained post qualifications. 4. Have a sound safety management system and post safety operation procedures. 5. Have the emergency rescue plan of the unit. Two, dangerous chemicals business units have any illegal acts, the issuing authority may revoke its business license. Key answer points: 1. Providing false documents or obtaining a business license by other deceptive means. No longer have the basic conditions for managing and selling dangerous chemicals. 3. Transfer, buy, sell, lease, lend, forge or alter the business license. 3. According to the Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals, what violations are not allowed in the operation of hazardous chemicals? Key points of the answer: 1 Enterprises that have never obtained the production license or business license of hazardous chemicals buy hazardous chemicals. 2. Deal in dangerous chemicals prohibited by the state, rodenticides produced with highly toxic chemicals and other chemical products and daily chemicals that may enter people's daily lives. Sales of hazardous chemicals without chemical safety technical specifications and chemical safety labels. 4. What are the special provisions on the transport of drama drugs in the Regulations on the Safety Management of Hazardous Chemicals and other relevant laws and regulations? Key points: 1 For road transport of highly toxic chemicals, the shipper shall apply to the public security department of the people's government at the county level at the destination for a road transport pass for highly toxic chemicals. 2. When highly toxic chemicals are stolen, lost, scattered or leaked during road transportation, carriers and escorts must immediately report to the local public security department and take all possible warning measures. After receiving the report, the public security department shall immediately notify other relevant departments, and the relevant departments shall take necessary safety measures. 3. It is prohibited to transport highly toxic chemicals and other dangerous chemicals prohibited by the transportation department of the State Council by using shipping channels in closed waters such as inland rivers. 4. When sending highly toxic chemicals by railway, it must be implemented in accordance with the Interim Provisions on the Tracking Management of Railway Drama Drug Transportation. Cars and ships loaded with toxic substances must be cleaned after unloading. 5. What conditions must a hazardous chemicals storage enterprise meet? Key points: 1 It has production technology, equipment or storage methods and facilities that meet national standards. The protective distance around factories and warehouses conforms to national standards or relevant state regulations. There are managers and technicians who can meet the warehousing requirements. 4. Have a sound safety management system. Other conditions that meet the requirements of laws, regulations and national standards. 6. What are the additional requirements for the packaging of explosives? Key points of answer: L The closed form of the container containing liquid explosives should have double anti-leakage protection. Nails and other metal parts without protective coating shall not penetrate the outer packaging except that the inner packaging can fully prevent explosives from contacting with metal objects. 3. Steel drums, metal drums or metal-lined packing boxes with double-hemmed seams should be able to prevent explosives from entering the gaps. The sealing device of steel drum or aluminum drum must have suitable gasket. 4. Explosive substances and articles in packages, including inner containers, must be properly padded, and dangerous J-shaped movement is not allowed during transportation. 5. The explosive package equipped with an electric initiation device sensitive to external electromagnetic radiation should have the function of preventing the contents from being affected by external electromagnetic radiation sources. 7. What are the safety requirements for road transportation of dangerous chemicals? Key points: 1 dangerous chemicals transport units should have corresponding qualifications. 2. Means of transport and vehicles must meet the requirements and be clearly marked. 3 consigning highly toxic chemicals should apply to the public security department for a road transport permit for highly toxic chemicals. 4. Equipped with drivers, stevedores and escorts. Should be trained and hold relevant certificates. 5. It is forbidden to overload, stop or stay halfway. In case of abnormal transportation, report to the local public security department. 6. According to the traffic area specified by the public security department, execute the driving time and route. 8. What are the storage requirements for hazardous chemicals? Important points: l Hazardous chemicals must be stored in special warehouses, special sites or special storage rooms. 2 storage methods, methods and storage quantity must meet the national standards and be managed by special personnel. 3. Dangerous chemicals leaving the warehouse must be inspected and registered. 4. The inventory of hazardous chemicals should be checked regularly. Special warehouses for hazardous chemicals shall meet the requirements of national safety and fire control standards, and shall be clearly marked. Nine, the same solid material, why the greater the surface area per unit volume, the greater the fire risk? Key answer: This is because the combustion of solid matter starts from the surface of the matter and then gradually goes deep into the interior of the matter. Therefore, the greater the body surface area of a substance, the more opportunities it has to contact with oxygen in the air, the easier and more common oxidation, and the faster the combustion rate. For example, the ignition point of pine chips is 238℃, while the ignition point of pine powder is L%℃. X. What are the main hazards of carbon monoxide? Key answer points: 1. Explosive Because CO can form explosive mixture with air, its explosive limit range is 125%-742%. 2. Toxic because co can combine with hemoglobin in blood, causing hypoxia in human tissues, that is, acute poisoning. 3 concealment because co is colorless, tasteless and non-irritating, it is not easy to be detected. Eleven, what problems should be paid attention to in the fire fighting of dangerous chemicals? Key points of the answer: 1 Different chemicals and fire extinguishing methods vary greatly in different situations. If it is not handled properly, it will not only fail to put out the fire effectively, but will further expand the disaster and cause greater losses. Most chemicals and their combustion products are highly toxic and corrosive, which can easily cause poisoning and burns. Firefighters should take corresponding fire-fighting measures according to the main dangers of chemicals, and conduct drills regularly to enhance emergency response capability. Employees should be clear about their responsibilities, the functions of fire-fighting facilities, evacuation procedures and special requirements for extinguishing fires with dangerous chemicals. 4 When an explosion accident of dangerous chemicals occurs, professional fire brigade shall put out the fire, and other personnel shall not act blindly. On the other hand, firemen should not put out the fire alone, but should always keep the exit clean and clear. Twelve, cylinders with one of the following circumstances, should be processed first, otherwise it is forbidden to fill? Key points to answer: 1 The steel seal mark and color code do not meet the requirements, and the medium in the bottle has not been confirmed. 2. The accessories are damaged, incomplete or inconsistent with the regulations. 3 bottles have no residual pressure. 4. Exceeding the inspection period. 5 There is obvious damage by visual inspection, which needs further inspection. 6 oxidizing or strongly oxidizing gas cylinders are contaminated with grease. The flammable gas cylinder is filled for the first time or after periodic inspection, without replacement or vacuumizing. +3. How to put out the initial fire in the warehouse? Key answer points: 1. Call the fire department immediately and explain the location, warehouse number, variety and quantity of fire-fighting materials when calling the police. 2. Relevant personnel should use the fire-fighting equipment in the warehouse in time to put out the fire according to the characteristics of the items on fire. Don't rush to use water gun to extinguish fire in warehouse. First, choose appropriate fire extinguishing equipment. 3. The warehouse manager should take the initiative to introduce the situation to the fire commander, explaining the location of the goods and the corresponding fire-fighting equipment, so as to avoid the fire from expanding and even causing an explosion. In order to prevent the disorder of fire control, we should strengthen our vigilance and prevent irrelevant personnel. Personnel participating in the fire fighting must obey the unified command. +4. What's the difference between emergency measures and emergency rescue plans? Key points to answer: 1 According to different accident degrees, emergency measures are aimed at minor accidents. Most major accidents are due to improper or ineffective handling of minor accidents in the early stage, which in turn leads to major accidents. When a minor accident occurs, the grass-roots unit should immediately take emergency measures, which is conducive to the control of the accident. When the development of the situation cannot be effectively controlled after taking emergency measures, the accident emergency rescue plan shall be started. 2 Different emergency measures involving personnel are mainly organized and implemented by workshops or teams, and accidents can only be controlled by workshop or team members; Accident emergency rescue plan is that when the emergency measures are still ineffective, the person in charge of the enterprise will mobilize the emergency rescue forces of all departments of the production and business operation units to carry out emergency rescue and report to the government for emergency rescue when necessary. 3. The different emergency measures of the formulation department are mainly formulated by the technical personnel of the production and business operation units for various hazard sources and dangerous targets; The emergency rescue plan of the production and business operation entity shall be formulated by the production and business operation entity in a unified way; Emergency rescue plans for major regional production safety accidents at or above the county level shall be formulated by local people's governments at or above the county level. 4 Emergency measures with different starting mechanisms are mainly started by workshop or team members according to the accident development; The emergency rescue plan shall be initiated by the enterprise manager according to the accident development. Objective The main purpose of different emergency measures is to control the development of minor accidents, deal with minor accidents, eliminate minor accidents and resume normal production and operation. The main purpose of accident emergency rescue plan is to control effectively according to the predetermined plan calmly and timely at the critical moment of disaster, so as to restore the system and reduce the losses of accidents and disasters. 15. briefly describe the main first-aid measures for accidental injuries caused by common dangerous chemicals? Key answer points: 1. Quickly move the injured away from the source of injury, take off contaminated clothes and remove residual chemicals to reduce the continued injury of the wound. Immediately flush the chemical pollutants on the injured surface with a large amount of flowing water nearby, so as to achieve the purpose of diluting or removing the chemical substances that cause the injury. The washing time shall not be less than 30 m 1n, so as to prevent the poison from further damaging the skin and reduce the poisoning caused by skin absorption. 3. Correct use of neutralizer. If acid burns can be neutralized by washing with 2%-5% dilute soda solution or 3% salt water and soapy water; If alkali burns, rinse with 2% acetic acid solution or 3% boric acid water to neutralize. But the neutralization time should not be too long, and then rinse with water after neutralization. 4. After the wound is cleaned, it should be simply bandaged and transferred to the hospital for treatment. Do not use oily dressing when dressing. 5 If chemical substances splash into eyes, immediately rinse with plenty of flowing water or normal saline. When washing, you must open your eyes and keep turning your eyes. Sixteen, dangerous chemicals accident alarm should include what are the main contents? Key points of answer: 1 accident unit. 2. Time and place of the accident. 3. Chemical name and leakage. 4. The nature and danger of the accident. 5 Whether there are any casualties. 6. Name and contact number of the alarm person. +7. Briefly describe the organizational structure of emergency rescue system for major accidents of typical hazardous chemicals? Key points of the answer: l emergency rescue center. 2. Emergency rescue expert group. 3. Medical institutions. 4. Fire fighting and emergency rescue organizations. 5 monitoring organization. 6. Public evacuation organizations. Alert and evacuation organization. 8 decontamination paper towels. 9. Logistics support organization. 10. Information publishing center. Eighteen, how to determine the emergency response level of major accidents? Key points of answer: After receiving the accident alarm, judge the alarm situation according to the working procedure, and initially determine the corresponding response level. If the accident is not enough to start the minimum response level of the emergency rescue system, the response shall be closed. When the accident develops beyond the response level and cannot be effectively controlled, the emergency rescue center should be requested to implement a higher level of emergency response in time. Nineteen, what is the responsibility of the emergency rescue organization for major dangerous chemical accidents? Key answer points: 1. Organize the formulation of emergency rescue plans for hazardous chemical accidents. 2 responsible for personnel, resource allocation and emergency team mobilization. 3. Determine the field commander. 4. Coordinate related work at the scene of the accident. 5. Approve the initiation and termination of this plan. 6. Determine the responsibilities of personnel at all levels in the accident state. 7. Report on accident information of hazardous chemicals. 8. Accept instructions and transfer from the government. 9. Organize drills of emergency plans. 10. Be responsible for protecting the accident site and related materials. Twenty, what are the basic requirements for the preparation of emergency rescue plan for dangerous chemical accidents? Key answer points: 1 The contents of the plan should be classified and graded. 2. The preparation of the plan at the next higher level should be based on the plan at the next lower level. 3. Hazardous chemicals units shall determine the contents of the preparation of emergency rescue plans for hazardous chemicals accidents according to the Guidelines for the Preparation of Emergency Rescue Plans for Hazardous Chemicals Accidents (Unit Edition) and the Measures for the Administration of Emergency Plans for Production Safety Accidents, combined with the actual situation of the unit. Twenty-one, the main person in charge of the production and business operation entity is responsible for the safety production of this unit? Key answer points: 1. Establish and improve the safety production responsibility system of the unit. 2. Organize the formulation of safety production rules and regulations and operation procedures of this unit. 3. Ensure the effective implementation of the unit's investment in production safety. 4. Supervise and inspect the safety production work of this unit, and eliminate the hidden dangers of production safety accidents in time. 5. Organize the formulation and implementation of the emergency rescue plan for production safety accidents of this unit. 6. Timely and truthfully report production safety accidents. 2+2. What contents should be included in the safety training of the main person in charge of the production and business operation unit? Key points to answer: 1 National guidelines and policies on production safety and relevant laws, regulations, rules and standards on production safety. 2. Basic knowledge of safety production management, safety production technology and professional knowledge of safety production. 3 major hazard management, major accident prevention, emergency management and rescue organization, accident investigation and handling of the relevant provisions. 4 Occupational hazards and preventive measures. 5. Advanced experience in safety production management at home and abroad. 6 Typical accident and emergency rescue case analysis. 7. Other contents that need training. 2+3. According to the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, what measures should the employer take to prevent and control occupational diseases? Key answer points: 1. Set up or designate an occupational health management institution or organization, and equip full-time or part-time occupational health professionals to be responsible for the prevention and control of occupational diseases in their own units. 2. Formulate occupational disease prevention and control plans and implementation plans. 3. Establish and improve the occupational health management system and operating procedures. 4. Establish and improve occupational health files and workers' health monitoring files. 5. Establish and improve the monitoring and evaluation system of occupational hazards in the workplace. 6. Establish and improve the emergency rescue plan for occupational hazard accidents. 2+4. According to the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, the establishment of an employing unit that causes occupational hazards should meet the conditions stipulated by laws and administrative regulations, and what occupational health requirements should its workplace meet? Key answer points: 1. The intensity or concentration of occupational hazard factors meets the national occupational health standards. 2. There are facilities suitable for occupational hazard protection. 3. The production layout is reasonable, in line with the principle of separation of harmful and harmless operations. There are matching dressing rooms, bathrooms, maternity lounges and other sanitary facilities. 5. Equipment, tools, utensils and other facilities meet the requirements of protecting the physical and mental health of workers. 6. Laws, administrative regulations and other requirements of the health administrative department of the State Council on protecting the health of workers. 2+5. Besides the occupational health requirements stipulated in the Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases, what other requirements must employers meet in workplaces where toxic substances are used? Answer points: l The workplace and the living place are separated, and no one can live in the workplace. 2 Hazardous operations are separated from harmless operations, and toxic workplaces are isolated from other workplaces. 3 Set up effective ventilation devices, and set up automatic alarm devices and emergency ventilation facilities in workplaces that may suddenly leak a large amount of toxic substances or easily cause sudden poisoning. 4. Set up emergency evacuation routes and necessary risk mitigation areas in highly toxic workplaces.