First, as far as the meaning of educational purpose or result is concerned, education and teaching are required to cultivate and develop people's inherent and inner abilities.
Second, as far as the significance of educational and teaching activities or processes is concerned, it is required that education and teaching should be coordinated with the characteristics and laws of children's psychological development, so that children can be in a natural and active position in acquiring knowledge, developing intelligence and moral feelings.
Extended data:
Pestalozzi's moral education is vivid and touching, and the reality is profound, which makes children truly realize the moral significance. At that time, moral education and moral training in general schools often focused on oral preaching, divorced from real life and ignored the power of personality influence.
Therefore, it is useless for the speaker to be eager to hear again. As Pestalozzi said, "Children's will cannot be cultivated in language classes. We must train them in all aspects. Only in this way can they awaken their inner feelings and strength and further cultivate their will. Language cannot represent the fact itself. Language can only make people understand facts and realize the existence of facts. "
In moral education, Pestalozzi advocates teacher-student democracy and attaches importance to children's dignity, but he never lets go of children's stubbornness and rudeness easily, and even corrects them with punishment.
Because he and the children live together day and night, eat and sleep together, and become the parents of a big family, teachers and students have deep feelings. After he finished the punishment, he immediately took the initiative to shake hands and kiss the punished person. Therefore, although the students were punished, they not only did not hate it, but also admitted their mistakes and expressed their willingness to accept the punishment.