Accurately understanding children's needs and characteristics, and thus correctly understanding children, is the premise of implementing children's education. Children are curious, like to move, like to imitate, like to play, like to associate, and their memory, thinking and imagination are vivid and random. However, the traditional view of children in China does not attach importance to the status of children, and thinks that the most obvious feature of children compared with adults is ignorance. Therefore, the corresponding education is to move things from the adult world into the children's brains. There is also a view of children that children have their own world and life different from adults. So I think, first find out what children like to do and learn, and then let them enjoy learning. The former education is to teach children the knowledge and skills of the adult world, which will inevitably lead children to live an adult life. We already know that a child has his own world and his own life, and he is like a duck to water in his world. But to let him live an adult life is to drive the fish out of the water and put the ducks on the shelves. This is unreasonable pressure on children. Although adults may be out of love and kindness, even so, they are doing bad things with good intentions, which is encouraging them. In this case, the child is forced to learn things that are not of interest. He is a passive learner. In the latter case, children can live and study as "explorers", "thinkers" and "dreamers" according to their nature. He is an active and happy learner. The latter learning can not only make children experience happiness, but also make it easier to achieve educational goals and cultivate children into healthy adults in the future society.

Second, the "game" as the center of teaching philosophy

For children aged 3 to 5, playing is learning. In unrestrained play, children not only enrich the tactile experience, auditory experience, visual experience and taste experience, but also learn to learn and cultivate a healthy body and mind. For children, play is the whole of life. Games give children a free space and a suitable environment, so that children can play spontaneously, thus producing a pleasant emotional experience, thus expanding creativity, exerting imagination and developing potential. These factors not only come from life, but also promote children to learn happily in play. For example, in The Rhythm of Birds, my children and I played the roles of mother bird and bird respectively, and created the artistic conception of "blue sky and white clouds" with vivid language: "In a blue sky, mother bird learned to fly with birds." Children listen to music and follow me. Sometimes they learn to fly, sometimes they learn to jump. In the process of learning, I saw a child's hand move incorrectly and said, "Oh, what happened to my bird?" Can't you just lift your wings and fly? "At this time, the child will know that his hand is not right and will soon consciously correct himself. In the whole teaching process, I didn't focus on superb skills, but let the children immerse themselves in it through the clever combination of play and learning.

Fun and beauty. Not only can children learn the movements of birds flying, but they can also be greatly improved.

Found their interest in learning.

Third, to guide children to actively explore the problem of teaching philosophy

There are many ways for children to find new problems. They can find problems from teachers' teaching, observation of objective things, and sometimes from some activities. Children usually show a desire to explore anything new they find. If they look, touch and listen, they will even open a new toy to study its mystery. Therefore, teachers should protect children's behavior of exploring problems, encourage children to take the initiative to find problems and ask questions boldly. Teachers should not restrict children from asking questions in their inquiry behavior, but should correctly guide and answer these questions. Answer your child's questions in time. In other words, the child's question should be answered immediately, and don't lose the opportunity. Except for the questions that the teacher can't answer for the time being, it is generally necessary to answer the questions immediately after the children ask them to satisfy their curiosity. If the teacher can't answer the child's question right away, he should tell the child, "Let me think about it and I'll tell you when I think about it." Because children's questions are often complicated, that is, a question contains many aspects and needs the teacher to answer them correctly one by one. In other words, the teacher's answer must be accurate, neither can he answer wrong casually, nor can he make the children understand with specious answers.

Fourth, treat scientifically the teaching concept of "playing with skin and attaching importance to children"

Scientifically look at children who play with their hearts. Many behaviors of children are no different from those of ordinary children, but they are more intense to some extent; And many behaviors of "playing with the skin and playing with the heart" have their merits and positive factors; For example, fun, initiative and curiosity are manifestations of exploring knowledge, disobedience is decisive, aggressiveness is enterprising, and "naughty" contains creativity and so on. Of course, if these performances are too intense regardless of occasion and time, we must guide and educate them. According to the characteristics of children's physiological development, children's cerebral cortex is immature, the process of excitement is greater than that of inhibition, and the accuracy of brain control actions and organs is still very poor. Therefore, it is normal for children to be hyperactive, energetic and have poor self-control and often do unexpected things. Judging from the characteristics of children's psychological development, children aged 3-4 are in the "first negative stage" of life. With the further development of self-awareness and various abilities, children have their own ideas and interests, with strong self-esteem and obvious sense of independence. They are no longer so obedient to adults, and sometimes they even resist and contradict. This is tantamount to "rebellion" in the eyes of adults who are used to children obeying their own orders. In order to maintain their "dignity", adults often suppress it without consideration. If we can treat them with a good attitude, we will actively guide these behaviors of children and promote their healthy development.

Love is an important condition for children's mental health development. Everyone is eager to be understood and respected, and naughty children are no exception. Practice has proved that children who are rejected by adults often give up on themselves and form inferiority or rebellious psychology. For example, some children who play with skins like to make trouble and often fight during activities. This is often because we don't pay enough attention to them. Some of them want to attract teachers' attention and get teachers' love by making trouble and fighting. Therefore, for naughty children, teachers should not be stingy with their own language and expressions, but should express our love to them through various forms. Even if it's just a knowing smile, a caring word and a few kind touches, they will feel that "the teacher still loves me, and I should listen to the teacher." Suhomlinski also said: "The whole mystery of educational skills lies in how to love children." Then, as long as teachers can give children selfless love and just love, it is no longer difficult to educate those "naughty children".