Southern Anhui and Northern Anhui are the names of two different regions in Anhui Province. Southern Anhui refers to the area south of the Yangtze River in Anhui Province, including Huangshan, Wuhu, Maanshan, Tongling, Xuancheng, Chizhou and some areas of Anqing City.

Southern Anhui is an important economic and tourism center in Anhui Province, which is dominated by mountains and hills and is rich in natural resources and historical and cultural heritage. Northern Anhui refers to the area north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province, including Suzhou, Huaibei, Bengbu, Fuyang, Huainan and Bozhou. Northern Anhui is located in the Jianghuai Plain, with a flat terrain, which is one of the main grain producing areas in Anhui Province.

South of the Yangtze River is southern Anhui, and north of the Yangtze River is northern Anhui. At the same time, there are ways to divide the Huaihe River into southern Anhui and northern Anhui. However, the latter included some areas south of the Yangtze River, such as Wuhu, into northern Anhui, so there was some controversy.