The most important skill is to firmly grasp the overall framework of your thesis and the related knowledge involved. In the whole process of defense, mastering the framework is the first, because only by mastering the overall framework can you know where this paper was analyzed, what knowledge was used and what was summarized in the end. That is to say, only in this way can you finally grasp the writing of the whole paper.

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First, avoid perfunctory, should be carefully prepared.

Case 1: Some teachers pay more attention to writing papers and not enough attention to thesis defense, so they are careless. Different thesis defense meetings have different requirements, some require publishing manuscripts, some require making courseware for introduction, and some can talk while reading papers. Once when I was a judge, a teacher somehow called the topic of the thesis "Application of Situational Teaching Method in Senior High School Ideological and Political Course". Some teachers want courseware, and some teachers don't even make courseware, but talk with paper.

Everything is established in advance, and it is abolished if it is not established. Teachers who take part in thesis defense should not take it lightly. They must take it seriously, be well prepared, and have a deep understanding and comprehensive familiarity with the content of the paper. The purpose of thesis defense is to further investigate whether the author has completed the thesis independently and whether there is plagiarism; Further investigate and verify the author's understanding of the topic of the paper and his ability to demonstrate on the spot; Further investigate the depth and breadth of the author's mastery of the professional knowledge involved; In view of some problems in the paper, the judges gave some feasible suggestions, which can further improve teachers' scientific research level and paper quality. Teachers should prepare abstracts, class notes, answers and skills. For papers with long words, prepare to write a detailed summary and outline, reduce the number of words to less than 3000 words, and write the writing motivation, main points, materials, methods and conclusions of the paper. Consider some questions that may be asked: for example, why did you choose this topic, and what is the theoretical and practical significance of this topic? What are the basic ideas and important viewpoints of the paper, and from what aspects are they demonstrated? What documents did you refer to in your writing? What are the innovations and characteristics of your paper, what are the problems, and so on.

Second, don't follow the script, but be targeted.

Case 2 On one occasion, a teacher read "On the Necessity and Countermeasures of Patriotism Education in Senior High School" from beginning to end at the thesis defense meeting of a teaching competition in a certain city. Because the teacher reads fluently and speaks quickly, 10 minutes can finish reading this paper. Then, the judges asked two questions: Is there any inevitable connection between the present situation and countermeasures of patriotism education in senior high schools involved in the article? What's the difference between patriotism education of senior high school students and junior high school students?

The first part of thesis defense is to introduce one's own thesis, not to read it. The contestants made a big taboo and read it in a book. The content of the introduction includes the writing background and significance of the article, the viewpoint, structure, argumentation process, argumentation materials and conclusion of the article, etc., which should be concise and to the point.

Third, don't be dull, focus.

Case 3 At a thesis defense meeting, a teacher introduced how to improve the effectiveness of ideological and political teaching in science classes from three aspects: 1. The reason for writing a paper. 2. There are five points in the paper structure: teachers should attach importance to teaching and improve their comprehensive quality; Guide science students to establish a correct view of discipline; Respect the personality of science students and establish good friends; Innovating teaching methods to stimulate science students' interest in learning; Reduce the workload of science students. 3. Results achieved. Then, the judges asked two questions: How do you deal with the' logical relationship' inherent in the article? Are the five practices mentioned in the article applicable to the political teaching of liberal arts ideological courses?

Another teacher is introducing the paper "Stone? Salt in the soup? The strategy of realizing the fruits of efficient classroom not only introduces the background of writing this article, but also talks about presupposition. Angle? And generate? Degree? Thinking? Depth? With questions? Heat? I also introduced my own experience in writing this paper. Then answer the judge's question: what is the goal of classroom presupposition?

In the introduction of these two teachers' papers, the introduction of the first teacher is dull, and the introduction of the second teacher has its own characteristics. As the saying goes:? Cut the complex and leave the quilt clear until it is cooked? We should try our best to make the text rich and to the point. It is necessary to highlight the key points and express your new ideas or breakthroughs, the most distinctive and bright parts of the paper, and the greatest gains and deepest experiences when writing.

Fourth, don't answer irrelevant questions, but get to the point.

Case 4: A teacher introduces the paper "Ideological and Political Classroom Teaching? Vivid? And then what? Active? I clarified my point when I:? Vivid? Make ideological and political classroom teaching more and more attractive and sweep away the original? Dull? Impression; But it seems to be falling into another kind? Dull? , give a person a kind of dead formalism. Ignore? Active? what's up Vivid? Invalid. In the classroom teaching practice, he tried to understand? Vivid? And then what? Active? The unification of. In the introduction of 10 minutes, it should be good for him to explain the structure, ideas and main points of the article without the script. Then, the judges asked:? Vivid? And then what? Active? How to define it? The teacher replied:? Active? Is to highlight the situation of students. I can't answer it later. The judge asked:? Vivid? Don't you highlight the situation of students? The teacher was speechless.

In this case, is it because the participating teachers didn't really understand it in writing beforehand? Vivid? And then what? Active? The difference, or I didn't catch it clearly, was a little off topic when answering the judges' questions. Initiative is relative to passivity, and passivity refers to acting without being pushed by external forces. Vivid means full of vitality and touching.

When the judges ask questions, the participating teachers should listen carefully and make records, and carefully scrutinize the essence and key points of the questions raised by the judges. If you are not clear about the question, you can ask the teacher to repeat it. If you are not clear about some concepts of the question, you can ask the teacher, or you can express your understanding of the question, ask the teacher's opinion, and make clear the meaning of the question before answering. Only in this way can we get to the point and avoid answering irrelevant questions.

Fifth, avoid sophistry and seek truth from facts.

Case 5 1 After a teacher introduced the paper "Application Strategies of Reflective Learning in Ideological and Political Review of College Entrance Examination", the judges asked the following questions about the references: Four references in the article (1. New curriculum and changes in learning methods); 2. Luo Honger, Discussion on Teaching Reflection, 2006; 3. Xiong Chuanwu, Reflective Teaching 2004. East China Normal University Press; 4. What role does the online resource How to Have a Good Review Class and Learning Notes of Constructivism Theory play in writing? The teacher replied:? Expand knowledge and provide theoretical support. ? The judge asked again:? Can you talk about how to provide theoretical support with the book "New Curriculum and the Change of Learning Style"? Under the new curriculum, the three learning styles of autonomy, cooperation and inquiry have changed. Who is the author of this book? When was it written? The author is an expert, probably written in 2003! Do you think these references in your article are well written? Of course, it is standardized, and it is also written online. I think the references of other people's papers are written in this way. ?

What is the thesis defense? Ask? what's up Answer? You can still have it? Debate? . Ask the teacher questions, some are basic knowledge questions, some are academic inquiry questions. For the latter question, the right or wrong is still inconclusive. When it is inconsistent with the teacher's point of view, you can argue. However, for the former question, participants need to give correct and comprehensive answers, which is not negotiable. The teacher's answer to the basic question of reference format writing is a bit unreasonable. Because of what the teacher mentioned earlier? Who is the author of the book "New Curriculum and the Change of Learning Style"? When was it written? The teacher can't answer, at least it shows that there is something wrong with the format and writing of the reference. Therefore, you should answer your unclear questions realistically and say that you should study hard in the future and never quibble.

Sixth, avoid inferiority and arrogance and be polite.

Case 6 During my years as a judge, I feel that most teachers pay great attention to their manners and manners when taking part in thesis defense. But some teachers have never experienced such a scene and feel timid and lack confidence. Some teachers think that their papers have won provincial awards or been published in publications. When their views are inconsistent with those of the questioning teacher, they are a little arrogant and unreasonable. Both situations will affect the performance of defense.

The process of thesis defense is a process of academic exchange and discussion. Contestants should regard it as a good opportunity to learn from experts and receive guidance. Dr. Sun Yat-sen once said: His manner and posture make the listener respect, and the behavior format must make the listener quiet and detailed? . Debaters should respect judges and teachers, be polite, modest and generous in words and deeds. This is especially true when it is difficult for me to answer the questions raised by the judges, or when I disagree with the teachers who ask questions.

The thesis of pedagogy was defended by Chen Fanwen.

Dear teachers and students:

Good Morning, everyone!

I'm Li Yan before 20XX, and my graduation thesis topic is On the Cultivation of Children's Interest in Mathematics Learning. My tutor is Ceng Laoshi. During the writing of my thesis, Ceng Laoshi gave careful guidance, which enabled my thesis to be completed smoothly as scheduled. Here, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to Ceng Laoshi.

Below, I will report the task, purpose, significance, selected materials, basic ideas of writing, and some new personal views and understandings in the article to all teachers:

The main task of this thesis is to carefully collect the information about the current children's mathematics education and the cultivation of children's mathematics learning interest, apply the theories of preschool psychology, preschool education and children's mathematics education, and combine the main problems existing in the cultivation of children's mathematics learning interest and the information about the strategies for cultivating children's mathematics learning interest with their own children's education practice to write an article that meets the quality of a bachelor's degree thesis. The reason why I chose the topic "On the Cultivation of Children's Interest in Mathematics Learning" for research is because the current situation of children's mathematics learning is not satisfactory in several kindergartens I have been to. Concentrated teaching, children's interest in mathematics learning is not high, and they are unhappy. Piaget once said: All mental work depends on interest, and interest is the kindling of wisdom. ? Imagine that the early development of children's interest in mathematics learning is one step slower, and their interest in learning is gone. How can they realize the all-round development of their children now or in the future? Therefore, the significance of choosing "On the Cultivation of Children's Interest in Mathematics Learning" is that it helps children to better adapt to the next stage of learning. Cultivate children's curiosity and desire to explore. Stimulate children's initiative in thinking, and finally cultivate children's interest in learning. The materials I chose mainly include Mathematics Education for Preschool Children edited by Jin and Mathematics Education for Kindergarten edited by Zhang Jun, and I also collected some materials online.

Specifically, my thesis consists of three parts: the significance of cultivating children's interest in mathematics learning, the problems existing in the process of cultivating children's interest in mathematics learning, and the strategies for cultivating children's interest in mathematics learning. The first part includes the meaning of learning interest, the characteristics of children's learning interest and the significance of cultivating children's learning interest in mathematics. The second part mainly discusses four issues: parents, kindergartens, kindergarten teachers and children's self-development. The third part mainly starts from four aspects. 1 is to cultivate children's interest in mathematics in game operation. 2. Let children cultivate their interest in mathematics in self-discovery. Thirdly, kindergarten teachers improve children's interest in mathematics learning through explanation and demonstration. 4. Incorporate art elements to improve children's interest in mathematics learning.

Through this paper writing, on the one hand, I have mastered the relevant skills of paper writing, on the other hand, I have a new understanding and understanding of the subject of cultivating children's interest in mathematics learning. However, due to the defects of my own knowledge reserve, the relevant arguments in the article are not mature enough, and even there are wrong views. In this regard, I earnestly hope to get the guidance of all teachers.

thank you

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