Management of College Students' Entrepreneurship Education I. Main Features of College Students' Entrepreneurship Education Management
First, the unity of stability and dynamics.
The management object of college students' entrepreneurship education is people and people's activities, which is manifested as an activity process to promote college students' individual growth and standardize their daily life and study. In the overall operation, it embodies the unity of stability and dynamics. On the one hand, the management of college students' entrepreneurship education is based on a stable and harmonious entrepreneurial education environment, supported by stable educational concepts and management concepts, targeted at stable educational goals and tasks, and targeted at stable growing college students, thus showing distinct stability; On the other hand, the management of college students' entrepreneurship education always moves from an immature state to a mature state, and from a lower level to a higher level to meet the needs of higher education reform, talent demand and economic and social development, showing a spiral dynamic development process.
Second, the unity of initiative and flexibility.
? Like all educational activities, entrepreneurship education for college students has its own inherent laws. Only by fully understanding and following its laws can we achieve good results in college students' entrepreneurship education. ? This means that we should give full play to the initiative of schools, teachers and students in the management of college students' entrepreneurship education, actively explore the strategies and modes of college students' entrepreneurship education management, actively grasp the laws of related work and application, flexibly adjust the curriculum system and working methods of entrepreneurship education, employment and entrepreneurship status and the structure of students' entrepreneurial ability according to the economic and social situation, and improve the effectiveness of college students' entrepreneurship education management in the unity of initiative and flexibility under the premise of following the management laws of entrepreneurship education.
Third, the unity of the times and education.
With the rapid development of economy and society, the requirements of the times for talents are getting higher and higher, which not only requires employees to have solid knowledge and high skills, but also requires employees to have innovative ability, innovative consciousness and innovative consciousness. Entrepreneurship education for college students originated in Europe and America in 1980s, and was designated as a pilot school by the Ministry of Education of China in the early 20th century. Has been widely concerned and supported by universities and society, from the initial college students' business plan competition to? Highlight entrepreneurial goals? Guided by teaching and research? Combination of production, learning and research? Emphasize the communication between education and economy and guide students? Pay more attention to the cultivation of knowledge innovation, technological innovation and industrial innovation during school? This shows that the management of college students' entrepreneurship education is very different from its original form in specific content and actual operation mode, which embodies and adapts to the requirements of the times for talents and has obvious characteristics of the times and educating people.
Second, the basic functions of college students' entrepreneurship education management
First change the concept of employment and then cultivate the awareness of entrepreneurship.
? College students' employment outlook and entrepreneurial consciousness are the comprehensive reflection of college students' individual intelligence and non-intelligence factors, which are formed in a certain educational environment. So, how to use it? The university education system cultivates and strengthens college students' entrepreneurial consciousness, entrepreneurial ability, entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial thinking? , is it? What is the important goal of college students' entrepreneurship education management? . Of course, different growth environments and experiences will have different influences on college students' employment concept and entrepreneurial consciousness and show differences. Through a series of curriculum systems and a complete process of education and teaching activities, the management of entrepreneurship education awakens the spiritual strength of college students, arouses them to understand the employment situation and entrepreneurial environment in the subjective world, self and society, and clearly recognizes the direction of employment and entrepreneurship, thus changing the employment concept of college students as a whole and cultivating their entrepreneurial consciousness.
Second, cultivate and develop college students' entrepreneurial ability.
? The management of college students' entrepreneurship education should not only pay attention to the change of college students' employment concept and the improvement of their entrepreneurial consciousness, but also pay attention to the improvement of their entrepreneurial ability. What is entrepreneurship education? Educational activities to cultivate students' entrepreneurial quality and ability? What is the corresponding curriculum system? Theory course, practice course and complete credit system are divided into four sections: subject course, case course, simulation course and entrepreneurial practice? On the one hand, the management of college students' entrepreneurship education relies on theoretical courses to improve their theoretical literacy and theoretical analysis ability, laying a solid theoretical foundation for the improvement of entrepreneurial ability; On the other hand, relying on practical courses and applying theoretical knowledge through social practice and entrepreneurial practice, we can improve college students' understanding of entrepreneurial theory, entrepreneurial process, entrepreneurial goals and entrepreneurial risks, and improve their practical operation ability in designing entrepreneurial goals, analyzing entrepreneurial situations and coping with entrepreneurial risks, thus realizing the cultivation of college students' entrepreneurial ability.
Third, realize the life value of college students.
? Personal value and social value are unified and inseparable, and the realization of social individual life value lies in the unity of self-value and social value, which is respected by society while making contributions to society. The ultimate goal of college students' entrepreneurship education management is to help them realize their life value. This is the essential requirement of entrepreneurship education management, the inherent requirement of college students and the proper meaning of higher education. By cultivating college students' entrepreneurial awareness and improving their entrepreneurial ability, entrepreneurship education management can take responsibility and make its own contribution to personal integration into economic society and economic and social development. The process of college students creating material wealth and spiritual wealth for the society by using the knowledge they have learned in the management of entrepreneurship education is a process of realizing the unity of self-value and social value, and also a process of realizing the value of life.
Third, the management approach of college students' entrepreneurship education
(A) the combination of entrepreneurial skills and entrepreneurial spirit, strengthen the management of entrepreneurial culture.
First of all, we should put the cultivation of entrepreneurial spirit in the first place in the management of college students' entrepreneurial education. To cultivate college students' entrepreneurial spirit, we must first guide and motivate students through successful people or successful cases, and at the same time let students realize self-motivation through student interaction or teacher-student interaction, so as to cultivate entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial belief and entrepreneurial enthusiasm. Second, it is necessary to create a sense of urgency and responsibility for entrepreneurship with the current employment and entrepreneurship situation, exert certain entrepreneurial pressure on students, and urge students to make business plans in time and gradually implement business plans on the basis of understanding economic and social development and fully understanding themselves. Secondly, we should use entrepreneurial spirit to guide college students to continuously improve their entrepreneurial skills. With the support and guidance of entrepreneurial spirit, students will improve their entrepreneurial skills with a more proactive attitude. Without the support of entrepreneurial spirit, students may give up on themselves because of temporary setbacks in the process of improving their entrepreneurial skills. We can provide a platform for college students to exchange and share their experience in mastering entrepreneurial skills by organizing entrepreneurial salons and symposiums and communicating through online platforms, so that they can constantly improve their entrepreneurial skills in an atmosphere of mutual encouragement, mutual help, mutual learning and mutual trust. Finally, cultivate entrepreneurial spirit in the process of improving entrepreneurial skills. The cultivation of entrepreneurial spirit and the improvement of entrepreneurial skills are mutually unified processes. In the management of college students' entrepreneurship education, we should pay attention to gradually improving students' entrepreneurial skills and conveying entrepreneurs to them? Spiritual food? In order to encourage and encourage them to always have the idea of starting a business, dream of starting a business at room temperature, and always think about the difficulties of starting a business, they will not be reduced to improving their entrepreneurial skills just to improve their entrepreneurial skills, thus creating a strong entrepreneurial culture atmosphere for college students.
(B) the combination of entrepreneurial knowledge and entrepreneurial practice, innovative entrepreneurship education management model
The first is innovation and entrepreneurship education activities. Various forms of entrepreneurial education activities are the premise of combining entrepreneurial knowledge with entrepreneurial practice and innovating entrepreneurial education management mode. We can improve college students' entrepreneurial knowledge and quality by holding entrepreneurial design competitions, entrepreneurial knowledge lectures and entrepreneurial skill competitions. Entrepreneurship education can guide students to design or start a company by letting them go deep into entrepreneurial practice bases such as business parks or business incubators, so that students can test and correct their entrepreneurial knowledge in the process of participating in entrepreneurial practice, find out the defects of entrepreneurial skills, sum up and reflect, and promote the understanding of entrepreneurial knowledge and the improvement of entrepreneurial practice ability. Secondly, establish an entrepreneurial practice base. This is the material condition for combining entrepreneurial knowledge with entrepreneurial practice and innovating entrepreneurial education management mode. ? Facing the limitations of classroom teaching, we should abandon the view that classroom teaching can solve all problems and establish a development mechanism in which classroom teaching and extracurricular teaching cooperate and promote each other. ? Therefore, it is necessary to invest some funds and equipment to create an entrepreneurial practice base as an extension of the classroom to provide conditions for further expanding the space of entrepreneurship education. On the one hand, we can establish a win-win entrepreneurial practice base centered on enterprises and led by schools through independent cooperation between schools and enterprises; On the other hand, we can establish a mutually beneficial and cooperative entrepreneurial practice base through government-led and school-enterprise participation; At the same time, through inter-school cooperation and the use of internal resources, we will build an inter-school entrepreneurial practice base. Finally, innovation and entrepreneurship practice. This is an important condition for combining entrepreneurial knowledge with entrepreneurial practice and innovating entrepreneurial education management mode. Due to the lack of social experience and social relations, it is difficult for college students to go directly into the enterprise to understand it. Therefore, colleges and universities can organize students to visit and study in well-known enterprises where the school is located, get familiar with the operation process of enterprises, participate in enterprise management, and let students experience knowledge in a real environment. Due to the lack of funds and equipment for college students, colleges and universities can give full play to the advantages of funds, equipment and technology, organize students' entrepreneurship by providing start-up funds or using entrepreneurial bases to simulate entrepreneurship, test students' entrepreneurial knowledge and ability, and let students experience it in the real entrepreneurial process.
(C) Ideological and political education and career planning education to improve risk and social responsibility management.
First of all, establish a work team that understands both ideological and political education and career planning education. Entrepreneurship education is an important part of career planning education. The quality of relevant teachers is directly related to whether the management of entrepreneurship education can achieve good results. Through training, we can improve the theoretical level of ideological and political teachers' entrepreneurship education management, encourage and support them to participate in entrepreneurial practice, increase entrepreneurial experience, deepen their understanding of entrepreneurial theory and practice, and lay a theoretical and ability foundation for effectively guiding students' entrepreneurship. Excellent entrepreneurs can be hired to tell students about their entrepreneurial experience, so that students can clearly understand their social responsibilities in the process of entrepreneurship and enterprise operation, and improve their awareness of entrepreneurial risks and their ability to assess, prevent, avoid, manage and bear risks. Secondly, ideological and political education should guide the management of entrepreneurship education and realize the combination of ideological and political education and career planning education. ? The trend of rationalization and abstraction in modern society not only brings changes in social structure and social form, but also profoundly affects the daily life of social members and personal experience of modernity. When people bid farewell to the traditional community form and engage in social communication in a new form, they will inevitably experience unique contradictions, tensions and anxieties in the process of transformation, and even cause a crisis of self-identity. ? Is it the heart? Contradictions, nervousness, anxiety? And then what? A crisis of self-identity? It restricts the management of college students' entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen ideological and political education in all aspects of school work, so as to gradually eliminate the inner feelings of college students? Contradictions, nervousness, anxiety? And then what? A crisis of self-identity? . Therefore, ideological and political education should be combined with career planning education, and based on career planning, ideological and political education should not be relaxed in every link and step of entrepreneurship education and practice, so as to enhance the social responsibility of college students' entrepreneurship.
Finally, ideological and political education should lead the curriculum system of entrepreneurship education and realize the combination of ideological and political education and career planning education. Infiltrating the education of world outlook, outlook on life, values and political views into the curriculum system of entrepreneurship education can provide direction guarantee for entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurship practice; We can combine legal education with entrepreneurship education by adding special legal courses to the curriculum system of entrepreneurship education, or combining judicial cases with entrepreneurship cases, or holding regular judicial lectures, so as to help students establish the awareness of the rule of law and apply and abide by the law for their own entrepreneurship, thus reducing the legal risk of entrepreneurship.