Aesthetics is a science that studies the essence of beauty and people's concrete feelings about objective aesthetic objects, as well as related issues. Teaching is an educational means and process to improve people's knowledge and skills and change people's thinking and consciousness activities. When we open Chinese textbooks, we will find that beautiful pictures, wonderful rhetoric and beautiful language all have aesthetic contents. In fact, aesthetics and Chinese teaching are essentially unified. People often say that Chinese is difficult to teach, so we should reflect on whether Chinese is regarded as an aesthetic carrier in teaching practice and look at its instrumentality and humanity from an aesthetic point of view. Therefore, in teaching, we should fully tap the aesthetic factors of Chinese, organically unify rationality and sensibility, abstraction and concreteness, cultivate students' temperament, purify students' emotions, beautify students' lives, and enable students to create beauty on the basis of discovering beauty and loving beauty.

First, express beauty with intuitive images.

The principle of pedagogy points out that in teaching activities, it is very important to fully mobilize students' existing life experience, that is, image reserve, cultivate students' creative imagination and develop image thinking, while classroom teaching is subjective, intuitive and sensible, and then students can better understand Chinese and its expressed thoughts and feelings through personal life experience. For example, when learning "Looking at the Weather through Clouds", we can choose the highlights in CCTV's "Weather Forecast Column": flowing airflow, harmonious colors, and proper dress of the announcer, all of which attract students and give them a beautiful influence, thus matching different types of clouds made jointly with art teachers. Students can see the unpredictable shapes of clouds and not only master their characteristics and shapes. Another example is the teaching of "Stone Trencher". You can download three pictures from the Internet: "Old people are better than old people, listening to women and being alone in the morning". You can also download some pictures of "Don't go to war" and the Iraq war according to the theme of the pain and misfortune brought by the war to the people. This combination of static and dynamic images will enable students to transcend time and space and realize the tragic significance of the works. Of course, pictures can also be made by students according to the learning content. In the first section of the preface to "Send Ma Sheng out of Dongyang" in classical Chinese, the author narrates several plots such as teenagers studying, adults seeking teachers, it is hard to go, and lack of food and clothing. On the basis of understanding, students draw pictures reflecting the author's learning experience of "studying hard and practicing hard", which not only strengthens their understanding of the theme, but also makes them determined to study hard and become an adult.

Second, appreciate beauty with audio-visual music.

Music has a magical power that can activate the classroom atmosphere and students' thinking. Mo Bosang's work The Necklace is a traditional article. Mathilde, the heroine, was too vain to attend the party of the Minister of Education and lost her necklace, so she chose to work hard for ten years to pay her debts. This touching passage, accompanied by the music "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", reveals another highlight of the heroine's humanity. In a capitalist society full of vanity, it is a glorious stroke that she can keep the bottom line and not go to depravity. Therefore, the analysis of characters was further carried out, and music played a subtle role. The article "Zou" mainly reflects the harmonious and happy living atmosphere of a family of three generations. At the end of the lecture, play the song "Come home often" to further enhance students' feelings about the theme of the article. "Pear Blossom by Post Road" praises the deeds of PLA soldiers and Hani girls who help others. At the end of the lecture, the theme song "Thank you" was played, and the theme of the text was instantly publicized in the quiet appreciation of the students. In addition to music as an auxiliary means, you can also use music to read the text content, especially some beautiful essays and some classic poems, so that students can spread their wings of thinking through their own imagination and subjective consciousness, roam in the vast space and time, and feel with their hearts, so as to achieve "intoxicated with sound" and "ecstatic", and further experience the aesthetic feeling and spirit.

Third, taste beauty through reading.

In the process of discovering beauty and creating beauty, students' subjective position is very important. Without the active participation of students, it is useless for the teacher to speak beautifully. Students should be given enough time to feel, perceive and taste the role from the overall situation of the text. Reading "Reading Clouds to Know the Weather" guides students to start with the rhetoric of metaphor, so that students can appreciate the gorgeous beauty of metaphor. "Language is the coat of all facts and thoughts", "Language fixes all our impressions, feelings and thoughts". Reading "The Back" is particularly simple in choosing words and making sentences, thus guiding students to appreciate the beauty of simplicity of words. This simplicity is "ingenious simplicity" and "lightness after concentration". This kind of simplicity is "the words are close and the meaning is far, and the words are shallow and profound." Reading a sentence in The Peach Blossom Garden is neat, symmetrical and complementary, like a clear spring in a canyon, which jingles in students' hearts and sneaks into students' hearts with infinite beauty and charm. Another example is reading Zhu Ziqing's work "The Back" and writing the back four times. "I cried four times and my father said four words." Only through repeated reading with sound and emotion can students deeply appreciate this simple and touching picture and directly appreciate the shocking human beauty of father and son. Another example is reading "China Stone Arch Bridge", which reads: "Mother and son embrace each other, some whisper to each other, and some listen to the sound of water, which is extremely vivid." Parallelism and personification vividly illustrate the beauty of Lugou Bridge. The clever use of these words can expand students' imagination and make them truly appreciate the beauty of language. Heine said: "Of all the creations, there is nothing better than the human mind." For example, The Story of Yueyang Tower, My Humble Room Inscription, meiling three chapters and Where Are You Premier Zhou all show the beauty of human nature and personality from different aspects. Nature is great and human beings are great, but human activities full of lofty spirit are especially great in greatness. This passage can enable students to enhance their profound experience of society and life in aesthetic experience.

In short, any article in the textbook is beautiful as long as it is organically combined with theme, thought, theme, characters, scenery, environment and plot; Those forms that are organically combined by language, structure, genre and rhythm are also beautiful. In the whole process of Chinese teaching, students should be guided to constantly absorb the connotation of beauty, edify and purify their hearts while appreciating the beauty of charm, image and color contained in tasteful literary works.