I. Introduction to Yuanmingyuan
Located in the east of Haidian District, Beijing, Yuanmingyuan is a separate palace of the Qing emperor. 1709, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty gave this garden abandoned by the nobles of the Ming Dynasty to the then Emperor Yin (later) and began to build it, naming it "Yuanmingyuan".
Later, emperors Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng, etc. spent 150 years continuously repairing and expanding, and carefully built it into a magnificent and beautiful detached palace.
Yuanmingyuan consists of Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden and Wanchun Garden (formerly known as Qichun Garden in Tongzhi).
These garden buildings stretch for 20 miles from the garden near the Spring Garden in the east to the Xiangshan area in the west. With a total area of more than 5,200 mu, the park is a large-scale landscape garden with grand scale and beautiful scenery. It not only brought together several famous gardens in the south of the Yangtze River, but also transplanted the architectural style of western gardens, which was a masterpiece of gardening art at that time.
Second, the classic architecture of Yuanmingyuan
Classic buildings include Fanghu Scenic Area, Kyushu Qingyan, Zheng Da Guangming, Pengdao Yaotai, Zhanbo Quiet, Wanfang Anhe, Yuanying Hall, Shuiguan Law and Dashui Law. , as follows:
1, Fanghu Scenic Area: The most beautiful building in Yuanmingyuan is also a religious building. It enshrines more than 2,000 Buddha statues and more than 30 pagodas. It is full of the charm of Xianshan Qiongge.
2. Kyushu Qingyan: One of the earliest buildings in Yuanmingyuan, it is also an important bedroom area for emperors in past dynasties. Empress Dowager Cixi once lived here.
Aboveboard: The Hall of Supreme Harmony, which is similar to the Forbidden City, is the place where the emperor holds the court meeting and receives foreign guests. Among them, there is a four-character plaque inscribed by Yongzheng himself, "Fair and Bright".
4. Pengdao Yaotai: The three connected islands in the middle of the lake symbolize the mythical sea and three mountains, just like Penglai fairyland, which makes people feel like they are in a fairyland.
5. Zhanbo Quiet: commonly known as "Tian Zi Room", also known as indifferent quiet. From the appearance, it is a word "Tian". Ancient feudal society was dominated by agriculture, and "field" was cultivated land. Every year, the emperor holds a farming ceremony here.
6. Wan Fang An He: It means national peace and world unity. The main building is located in the lake, and the swastika building is also a special case of ancient architecture in China.
7. Yuan Yingguan: The most spectacular European fountain landscape in Yuanmingyuan is divided into three parts: the main building, the water viewing method and the big water method.
8. water viewing method: as the name implies, it is the place to see the fountain. There is a throne carved with dragons and a gem screen.
9. Dashuifa: It is also a fountain for viewing, in which the nozzle of the fountain is the famous animal head of the zodiac.