First, enjoy learning.
I think teachers are people who love learning, otherwise it is impossible to enter the threshold of colleges and universities. Recall our infatuation when reading a good book, our ecstasy when discussing with our classmates, and our ecstasy when overcoming difficulties ... When there are so many forests, we can enjoy pure peace and happiness, we devote ourselves wholeheartedly. Today, although we are faced with heavy work, life is not easy. We should not give up learning, because through learning, we can get solutions to problems, treat the ups and downs of life calmly, and enter the happy realm of forgetting me. It is beautiful and complacent with reading, and we will never hear the old saying: not reading for three days is disgusting. Modern language: three days without learning, one month without learning from your colleagues, and one year without learning from your students. Continuous learning can also enhance our learning charm. When we teach with profound knowledge and appropriate teaching methods, students will be impressed by the teacher's erudition, admire and trust the teacher, thus receiving good results in teaching and educating people, and we can also enjoy the joy of success.
There are many ways to learn, such as reading, surfing the Internet, learning from famous teachers, learning from peers and learning from their own students.
1, reading and studying
As a math teacher, I like reading. The initial reading realm is "I don't want to know too much, but I masturbate and entertain myself." However, with the increase of confusion in the process of education and the ease of learning from books, I love reading more and more, and I am more and more curious. Thinking while reading has become my habit. At the same time, the scope of reading has also broadened a lot, from the original education and teaching magazines and literature books to education and teaching theories, mathematics books, stacks of famous educators, classics of Chinese studies, children's literature, psychology and so on. Reading broadens my horizons, calms my teaching, brings me into the children's world, and gains the trust of my parents and social recognition.
I think as a math teacher, I must read these five kinds of books: ① Psychology; ② monographs on education and teaching; ③ Mathematics books; 4 China classics; 5 children's books.
(1) psychology, research shows that 70% of teachers are in sub-health state, many of which are mental health problems. There are many reasons for teachers' mental health, such as heavy work, fatigue, poor treatment, unfair treatment and too little room for development. For our own health, we should read more psychological books, be our emotional managers and psychological masseurs, let us face everything in life in the right way and with a healthy attitude, and become a happy and sunny teacher. People can't give others what they don't have. It is impossible for a gloomy and unhappy person to bring happiness and happiness to his parents, friends and students. CoCo Lee is a teacher I met in Gao Huai. She is alert and sunny. She really listens to her voice before watching her-hearty laughter. You feel that life is so beautiful when you associate with her. Her students sincerely admire and like her. The son commented on her: bold as a Northerner. She appreciates students and is good at encouraging them. She often draws away the dark clouds in students' hearts with one sentence and raises the sails of struggle. Education needs such teachers.
Only those who understand children's psychology can truly enter children's hearts, truly appreciate and respect children, and give effective education in a targeted manner. Only in this way can we increase our educational wisdom!
Here I want to introduce a story of "Four Sweets". Mr. Tao Xingzhi, a famous educator, once saw a boy with a brick ready to hit another student on campus. He stopped the child and told him to go to his office. We can imagine the boy's mood at the moment. What kind of mentality is Mr. Tao? What will happen in the office? After arriving at the office, Tao Xingzhi gave the boy a piece of candy and said, You arrived at the office earlier than me, which shows that you are a punctual person. This candy will reward you. Then I gave the boy the second candy on the grounds that you put down the brick when I told you to, which shows that you respect me. This candy will also be awarded to you, and boys have doubts about it. Tao Lao took out the third piece of candy and said, I made a survey. You hit that boy because he bullied girls. You are keen, which shows that you have a sense of justice. This candy rewards you. At this time, the boy's tears came down, which was beyond his expectation. "Principal, I was wrong and my classmates were wrong again. I can't take this approach. " Finally, Tao Lao took out the fourth candy and said, you have admitted your mistake, and I will give you another one. Our conversation is over, go home!
Tao Lao conducted an investigation before dealing with this matter (which reminds me of Chairman Mao's sentence: no investigation, no right to speak). In the process of handling, he grasped the psychology that children need to be recognized and affirmed, so the children's future mistakes will naturally come. Here, Tao Lao is brilliant because he knows that "praising others will make him do the right thing", so he only rewards and does not punish, and only finds the right thing to say without saying right or wrong, which has played a positive role in guiding and strengthening, and achieved the effect of moistening things silently.
Learning psychology allows us to organically integrate psychological effects with education and teaching, so that teachers and students can reach a higher level of teaching effect. This is my success story to share with you.
With the help of pygmalion effect, students with learning difficulties can be given wings to fly. Pygmalion effect refers to a character in Greek mythology. Because of his eager desire, he turned a beautiful girl statue into a living person. In teaching, teachers can use this effect to convey the expectation that "flowers are about to bloom" to students, so that students can internalize this expectation and "bloom" accordingly.
Cui Can transferred to my class in the sixth grade. At that time, his grades were over 80 in Chinese and 62 in mathematics. I observed that she always listened carefully in class and finished her homework on time. She is a conscious child. But she never raised her hand to speak and avoided the teacher's eyes. I understand: she is not confident, she is afraid! So when I practice in class, I will pay special attention to her and ask her to explain the ideas to me. I will fill in the imperfections, and then let her take the roll call when everyone communicates. The successful explanation and applause from her classmates made her smile. In this way, paragraph by paragraph, she got more than 80 points in the first unit test, and I praised her untimely: Look, you can do it! I know that a child with good Chinese and strong understanding ability will definitely learn math well! She smiled quietly and studied harder. At the same time, I also strengthened the guidance of mathematics learning methods. At the end of the term, she got 96 points! When she got the test paper, she couldn't help making a victory gesture and saying "Yeah!" Cheers. Next semester, she will raise her hand in class and answer questions with her classmates.
Li Fuxi is a clever boy, but he is lazy and can't finish his homework on time. In the first week of succession, the homework was basically completed. But the next week, he was too cute to hand in his homework! When I talked to him, his big eyes blinked and he looked at me with critical and alert eyes. He was defeated in the battle of our eyes. He stammered, "Teacher, yesterday ..." Before he finished, I immediately replied, "You wanted to finish your homework yesterday." I did this to give him a positive psychological hint: I want to finish, I don't want to be lazy. Hearing this, he quickly replied, "Yes, yes, but I just can't help myself." "What do you say?" I expect him to find his own way and follow it. "Teacher, you supervise me!" "Homework, how can I supervise you? Think of another way! " He used his brains again, and finally we formulated the "two-way signature" supervision law. His homework was not absent again that semester, and his grades soared. My parents saw me and said, "Thank you, Miss Zhang, thank you! Thank you! "
Learning psychology is also conducive to establishing harmonious interpersonal relationships, communicating with parents, making parents become helpers in educating students, and forming a joint effort of education to train your students.
(2) Monographs on education and teaching
Speaking of this kind of books, you may think it's important to make sure of them, but they are too theoretical and boring to read. In fact, there are some books, such as One Hundred Suggestions for Teachers by Suhomlinski, Pavlis Middle School, Selected Works of Wei Shusheng, Li Zhenxi's Love and Education, Being the Best Class Teacher, Xue Ruiping's Give me a lesson, I am very satisfied, Dou Guimei's Model and Tao Xingzhi's Education. The book tells an educational story with narrative strokes, which contains their educational thoughts, educational strategies and great love for education.
When I read Xue Ruiping's words: "I am from China", I felt admiration. She loves the language of the motherland with her life. She has always enjoyed the beauty of words. She truthfully recorded the stories that happened in her educational career, either distressed, helpless or happy. The true story seems to happen around us. However, no matter how difficult it was, she finally became a "China native", and all pitchers raised their hands to write articles, so her class was not fancy but charming. Compared with her, I am ashamed. When can I say "I am math?"
When I read from "100 suggestions for teachers" that no student failed in a class from Grade One to Grade Ten, I was amazed: How difficult it is to do this! But this math teacher did it! His method is to let students read all kinds of math books. When a child has not learned a certain knowledge point, he has learned a lot of such knowledge from reading. She is familiar with the contents of the class, so it is easy to learn. Suhomlinski also said that the only way to change underachievers is to read, read and read again!
This made me pay attention to students' reading. In the past, I often discarded the textbook style in teaching and only took out the book to turn it over during practice. Now I will let the students read through the textbook, have a dialogue with the text itself, and fully understand the subtlety and meaning of the text. At the same time, we also collect extracurricular reading materials with them, such as interesting mathematics, mathematicians' stories, wonderful 9 and so on. Let students think, experience and practice in reading, and gain something from it, find something and gain something. Enrich their mathematical culture accumulation and improve their mathematical literacy. In addition, I also organize students to sort out the collected data and circulate them in the class to further stimulate their love for mathematics. Enriching students' mathematics extracurricular reading has become the knowledge of mathematics teachers in our school. Last year and this summer, some teachers collected information through various channels and compiled reading materials synchronized with the teaching materials, including the history of mathematics, mathematicians' stories, interesting stories of mathematics, the application of mathematics, my growth stories and so on, in order to provide students with rich spiritual food.
Of course, books like Suhomlinski's One Hundred Suggestions for Teachers and Rousseau's Emile cannot be deeply understood at once. What is needed is to calm down and read and ponder carefully. This is what you read today. When you encounter a problem at work, you will find that its meaning becomes thicker and deeper in an instant. So that I keep this kind of books at hand, and I can't help rereading them when I am confused at work, hoping to make myself realize something. In fact, every time I get something.
(3) Mathematics professional books (knowledge reserve)
Reading mathematics professional books should include mathematics theory books, curriculum standards and teaching materials, mathematics education magazines, etc.
First, concentrate on learning mathematical theory books
Reading mathematical theory books can help us understand the history of mathematical development, find the basis of mathematical knowledge and master the system of knowledge. Only in this way can we implement teaching strategically, make our classroom full of mathematics flavor, and thus stimulate students' desire to explore. Suhomlinski said: A student's greatest interest is his love of subject knowledge, so that his interest can last. In my opinion, the books you want to read about mathematics should be History of World Mathematics, History of Chinese Mathematics, Nine Chapters of Arithmetic, Number Theory and so on. Related to mathematics education are Theory of Mathematics Teaching in Primary Schools, Curriculum and Teaching, Mathematics and Culture, etc. , so as to enrich their own reserves, completely reshape their own ideas, determine their own views, trigger their own thinking and lead themselves.
B, concentrate on reading curriculum standards and textbooks
Textbooks are carefully compiled by mathematics experts and are the crystallization of their wisdom. If we want to use the teaching materials reasonably and properly, or carry out appropriate secondary development as needed, we need to really understand the teaching materials, the arrangement system of the teaching materials, the real intention of exercise design, and the educational ideas and teaching methods implied in the teaching materials, so as to get out of the teaching materials. Therefore, we should read the textbooks of primary schools and even middle schools, so as to accurately grasp the starting point and teaching level of mathematics in teaching, so that our knowledge in each lesson is not a point, but a link in the knowledge chain. Let students find the foundation of knowledge forward and the direction of development backward in the learning process.
For example, the derivation of cone volume formula will cause doubts in teaching, and then let students draw conclusions through experiments. It seems that students have thought and done it, experienced the process of knowledge generation, and understood the relationship between cone and cylinder volume. In fact, this knowledge point is out of touch with the knowledge chain and method chain, which is not conducive to cultivating students' migration ability and mastering mathematical methods.
Say the method first. Take the derivation of triangle area formula as an example. The derivation of triangle area formula is to convert it into parallelogram or long square. No matter what kind of graphics are converted into, there is a prerequisite of "equal bottom and equal height", otherwise it will not work. This is the knowledge and experience that children have. By extension, when students study the volume of a cone, they will think of a cylinder similar to it according to the idea of transformation, and they will choose a cylinder with equal base and equal height according to the derivative of the triangle area. This is the result of positive migration. If students are required to carry out experiments such as "equal base and equal height", "equal base and unequal height" and "equal height and unequal height", they will be deprived of their right to think and choose. In the long run, students' methods are independent and unconnected. When encountering new problems, they will not have the habit of looking for methods from previous knowledge, which will weaken their ability to solve problems.
Besides knowledge, a right triangle rotates once to get a cone, and a rectangle rotates once to get a cylinder. From the relationship between right triangle and rectangle, students can also think of the relationship between cone and cylinder. In this way, students can feel the connection between plane graphics and three-dimensional graphics, and feel the dynamic beauty of mathematics, which is conducive to cultivating students to dialectically look at everything in the world with the eyes of connection and development. This kind of teaching will naturally reach a certain depth and breadth, and stimulate students' curiosity and love for mathematics. At the same time, he will learn to solve new problems with his original knowledge and actively build his own knowledge system.
Therefore, teachers are required to find the breakthrough point of students' knowledge, thinking and emotion when preparing lessons to design the teaching process. Only based on today and thinking about the future can we cultivate capable students.
In order to make teachers in our school have this ability, we spent a month training teachers in textbooks, including primary and junior high school textbooks.
Dialectically reading the journal of mathematics education
Many educational magazines have introduced us information from the forefront of educational reform, provided successful teaching cases of famous teachers, and the educational and teaching opinions of front-line teachers. However, when we absorb and use it, we should treat it with a dialectical attitude of sublation, and what suits our own and students' facts is the best.
(4) China's classical literature.
When it comes to China classics, there are probably The Analects of Confucius, The University, The Water Margin and The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Do you think reading this kind of book is a matter for Mr. China, not for the math teacher? In fact, reading China's classics can not only improve our humanistic quality and cultivate our broad mind, but also help us find the wisdom of education.
For example, The Analects of Confucius has a good interpretation of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Different people asked about filial piety, and Confucius gave different answers:
Meng asked about filial piety, and Confucius said: No violation. Life, things with courtesy; Death, ritual burial, ritual sacrifice.
Meng Wenxiao, Confucius said: Parents only care about their own illness.
Xia Zi asked about filial piety, and Confucius said: color is difficult.
Ziyou asked about filial piety, and Confucius said: Today's filial piety can be raised. As for dogs and horses, you can keep them. It's disrespectful. Why not?
Lutz and You Ran asked Confucius the same question "Steven Zhu Xing" respectively (I heard that I would do it right away), but Confucius gave them the opposite answer. When Gong Xihua asked Confucius why he gave two answers to the same question, Confucius replied: "I want to retreat, so I enter;" I retired because I am also a human being. "It means: Ran Qiu is a little timid and easy to retreat, so he is encouraged to take care of things when he hears about it, and he must seize everything to do it; Lutz is bold, reckless and easy to get into trouble. Confucius told him to think more, discuss more and act cautiously.
Of course, there are many such examples.
Confucius was a great educator in ancient China. He created "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and used this method to educate a large number of students with different grades.
Another example is Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms, who is hands-on and requires perfection in everything. Therefore, after Liu Bei's death (when Liu Bei was in power, there were five generals), he failed to choose a general, and Shu soon perished after his death. The revelation of this incident is that we should not pursue perfection excessively, especially for children, we should affirm their strengths and cultivate their strengths. After all, people will rely on their own strength to stand on the world in the future. Besides, you can't do everything yourself. As a teacher, you have done everything for your students. How can you complain that your child is stupid? Therefore, teachers must let go of what students can do in teaching, so as to cultivate capable and innovative talents.
(5) Children's books
The children's books we want to read are Math Newspaper for Primary School Students, Math PHS, Math and War, Children's Encyclopedia of Popular Science, Mysteries of Nature, Little Peas by the Window, and Bronze Sunflowers of Literature. Children's popularization of mathematics books not only brings children a lot of brand-new popularization of mathematics knowledge and mathematicians' profound stories, but also provides students with rich mathematics curriculum resources and a lot of cutting-edge information. The pure and perfect stories told by pure and beautiful words in children's literature can bring spiritual enjoyment to teachers and students, produce emotional voices and narrow the distance between them. It can also inspire children to go up, cultivate children's strong will and morality, beautify and poeticize teachers' teaching language.
2. Online learning
When we encounter difficulties in education and teaching and people around us can't help us, we can post on the Internet for support, or search for relevant information from the Internet to help solve doubts. It is a kind of spiritual enjoyment for like-minded people to talk about education on education websites.
3. Learn from your peers
Confucius said: In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose the good and follow it, change the bad. Therefore, we should make full use of resources around us. Our school has carried out a series of activities such as collective lesson preparation, quality class competition, scientific research salon and evaluation of teaching notes. Every activity is an excellent learning opportunity. During the activity, I listened carefully to the ideas and practices of my peers and thought about their advantages and disadvantages in application. Beneficiaries use it, victims discuss it and change it. Peer classroom teaching is a mirror, which can reflect the advantages and disadvantages of your teaching, so you should always listen to the lessons of teachers in the same school, whether they are experienced teachers or young teachers (because they are not bound by experience, they often have their own unique places), whether they are math teachers, Chinese teachers, science teachers, music art teachers, you will certainly gain something.
For example, Li Yang, a music teacher in our school, is very popular with students. I think it's just that she sings well and plays the piano well. In order to solve the mystery in my heart, I went to her class specially. In class, she smiles from the heart, and the appropriate encouragement language creates a harmonious and pleasant learning atmosphere for the children. Creating music and dancing with the children made the children enjoy the fun of creation, and the beautiful stick figures of Teacher Li made the children sincerely admire. The reason why Miss Li won the students' love is inseparable from her profound professional skills and heartfelt love for her children.
For example, in Chinese class, the teacher asked, "What is melting snow?" A student raised his little hand high, stood up and said, "Snow is water." After the teacher said please sit down with a straight face, he looked around again. Obviously, the answer is not what he expected. Then the teacher said, "Who wants to answer?" A student said, "When the snow melts, it will be spring." The teacher boasted, "You are so smart!" The student sat down with his head held high, while his former classmates bowed their heads listlessly.
"Snow is spring" is a poetic answer, which shows that students' imagination is very rich, and the answer "Snow is water" should also be affirmed and praised! This is a scientific and true answer, and both have their own subtleties. What a pity! The teacher missed an opportunity to appreciate children, which inspired me: the same problem should be viewed from different angles, and the presupposition in preparing lessons should be in place in order to grasp the wonderful generation.
Step 4 learn from students
I believe all of you here will agree with me. Children have some unique ways of looking at problems, which we can't predict. As long as we put down our attitude, treat our children with appreciation and rational thinking, our students will have a lot to learn and many surprises.
Be a happy math teacher (1) I remember that after teaching the understanding of rectangles, I drew a picture and asked the children if it was a rectangle. The purpose is to examine students' understanding of graphic closure. The children all said no, but for different reasons. Some people say it's not because of the gap. Some people say that the left and right sides are not the same length, but the left and right sides of a rectangle are the same length, so it is not. What I admire most is Jackie Chan's answer, not because of his rigorous language, but because of his unique perspective. He said: "This is not a rectangle, because you draw this figure with a computer and fill it with color. The color will flow out from the gap and the whole screen will be there, so you can't draw a rectangle." How nice! He combined computer graphics with mathematics and explained the problem vividly. Therefore, when I encounter difficulties in explaining problems to my children accurately and vividly in teaching, I will ask students for advice, inspire my inspiration through their statements, and make my language rigorous and vivid, so as to explain the truth in simple terms.
The following case is taken from the teaching note "Students Teach Me ……" by Chen Feng, a PE teacher, from which we can see that Chen Feng is a thoughtful, caring and good at grasping the opportunity of education and teaching.
Look at the sky with a pout.
In the teaching of front roll, in order to make students roll smoothly, I ask students to bend their heads hard and put their pillows on the mat first. While practicing, suddenly a little boy shouted, "Oh, I see the blue sky!" " A little boy pouted at the sky and wanted to be famous. His naughty appearance made the whole class burst into laughter. At this point, my heart thumped. Didn't his movements just solve the difficulty of bowing forward? I guided the whole class to imitate. A little later, a piece of little ass popped up on the playground, smiling faces everywhere under his ass, and his mouth kept shouting, "I also saw the blue sky! "The students are full of interest and the practice effect is good.
In addition to surprise, it also caused me to think deeply. In the pre-roll teaching, many teachers have made a lot of efforts and thought of many ways to solve the problem of bowing their heads, and finally they can complete the teaching task. However, those are teaching methods designed by teachers according to their own teaching experience, so that learning can adapt to the teacher's teaching, cooperate with the teacher's teaching, and let all students follow the teacher's steps, with more cabinets and less freedom. Today, in a relaxed, free and democratic learning atmosphere, children have "created" a new "game" method of "looking at the sky with their tails up" by speaking and doing freely and under the mutual inspiration of teachers and students, and quickly mastered the essentials of action in the "game" and completed the teaching task easily and happily.