Tropical marine ornamental fish are composed of more than 30 families, and the common species are Sparidae, Papilionidae and Papilionidae. Its famous species are Queen Fairy, Queen Fairy, Emperor Fairy, Moon Butterfly, Moon Eyebrow Butterfly, Herringbone Butterfly, Hippocampus, Red Clown, Blue Devil and so on. Ornamental fish in tropical seawater are particularly bright in color and rich in body patterns. Many varieties have the nature of self-protection, some have artificial eyes on the body surface, some have sharp blades on the tail handle, some have hard and poisonous thorns, some secrete poisonous juice in the body, some can change their body color at will, and some are good at imitating the body. Strange, fully demonstrating the magical charm of nature.
(1) snakehead
Snakehead, also known as white cloud snakehead, red-tailed fish and Tang fish, belongs to CYPRINIDAE, and its origin is Baiyun Mountain, a suburb of Guangzhou, China. The fish is spindle-shaped, with a body length of 3 ~ 4 cm, and its main color is dark brown. A golden thread runs from the eyes to the caudal fin. The dorsal fin, ventral fin, gluteal fin and caudal fin are all red, and there is a golden edge. Snakehead likes to swim in the upper and middle waters. When swimming, its body stays straight and it swims evenly and quickly. Especially in dim light, snakehead can shine in the water, which is very eye-catching. Snakehead is gentle and can be mixed with other small fish. Snakehead does not require high water quality, and can live well in clean water at 15℃.
(2) Zebrafish
Zebrafish, also known as striped fish, belongs to CYPRINIDAE and is native to India and Bangladesh. Zebrafish is spindle-shaped, with a flat tail and forked tail fins. Its body length can reach 6 cm or even longer. The primary color of the whole fish is yellow, but its back is olive. There are many blue and white stripes between its body, which are parallel to its tail and look like zebras, so it is called zebra fish. There are more than a dozen zebrafish, and their main differences are the number of stripes, the degree of width, the change of body color and the shape of fins. Zebrafish are gentle and lively, and like to live in groups. The fish has no special requirements for water quality, and lives well in weak acid, weak alkali and neutral water, and the suitable water temperature is 25℃.
(3) Tiger skin fish
Tiger skin fish, also known as four swordfish, is a kind of carp. Originated in Malaysia. The fish is spindle-shaped, 5 ~ 6 cm long and yellowish in color. The ventral fin, dorsal fin and caudal fin of adult fish are bright red, and there are four longitudinal dark black stripes on the head, chest and tail, which look like tiger skin, so it is called tiger skin fish. Tiger skin fish is gentle and can interbreed with most other tropical fish, except angelfish, because tiger skin fish has a natural quirk and likes to chase and bite the chest thorns of angelfish. Tiger skin fish does not require high water quality, and can grow well in weak acid, weak alkali and neutral water environment. The suitable water temperature is 22 ~ 26℃.
(4) Red-tailed black turtle
Red-tailed black turtle belongs to CYPRINIDAE, and its origin is Thailand. The body shape of red-tailed black turtle is very similar to that of herring and grass carp in freshwater fish in China. Its body length can reach 10 cm, except the tail fin is golden red, its body color is black, and the color contrast is very obvious. This kind of fish has a curved back, a flat abdomen and a very beautiful figure curve. The amount of water needed for family rearing must be large, and the light should not be strong. It is best to grow in an environment with hidden objects such as broad-leaved aquatic plants and gravel. The optimum water temperature of red-tailed black turtle is 24℃. Red-tailed black turtle has a bad temper and usually disturbs small fish, but it will not cause too much damage, so it can be mixed with most tropical fish.
(5) Black tailed fish
Black-tailed fish, also known as black peony and halffish, is native to Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia in Latin America. The body is oval, with a flat side and a body length of 8 cm. The dorsal fin, gluteal fin and ventral fin are all black, and the first half is silver gray, with three black stripes, one through the eyes, one through the gill cover and one from the dorsal fin to the base of pectoral fin. The body color of black snakehead gradually changed from black to gray with age. The hip fin is wide and swims like a fluttering skirt, hence the name black tail fish. Because the first half of the fish is relatively wide, the second half suddenly becomes smaller, as if half of the body is missing, which is also called a half-length fish. Snakehead snatches food quickly, so when mixed with other species, the proportion of snakehead should not be too large.
(6) Fishing at traffic lights
Traffic light fish, also known as neon light fish and red lotus light fish, belong to lipocyprinidae and are native to Peru, Brazil and Colombia. The traffic light fish is petite, with a body length of 3 ~ 4 cm. Its dorsal fin is located in the center of the back, the gluteal fin extends to the back of the tail handle, the tail fin is bifurcated, and there is a small fat fin on the tail handle; Its back is chestnut red, its abdomen is silvery white and its fins are transparent. The most important feature of the traffic light fish is that there is a neon red vertical belt above the lateral lines on both sides of the body from the eyes to the tail stalk, which is green EULAN SPA01 under the refraction of light, bright red at the tail stalk, and flashes red and green when swimming. Fish at traffic lights should be raised in groups. If they are kept less, they will not be easily found and lose their ornamental value. A group of fish are playing between water plants and gravel. The fish bodies are red and green, which is very beautiful. Young fish at traffic lights should not be mixed with big fish to avoid being eaten by big fish. Adult fish at traffic lights can be mixed with large mild fish. At traffic lights, fish like weak acid and soft water. The suitable water temperature is 22 ~ 24℃.
(7) pencil fish
Pencil fish, also known as red-tailed pencil fish, belongs to CYPRINIDAE and is native to Brazil and Colombia. The fish is spindle-shaped, with a body length of 7 cm, a brown back and a silvery white abdomen. There is a black stripe from beginning to end under the lateral line, and there is an irregular erythema on the lower lobe of the tail. Other fins are pale yellow and opaque. When the pencil fish is still in the water, it looks like a pencil lying horizontally, hence its name. When the pencil fish swims, its body often leans 45 degrees. Pencil fish like to fight, so it's best to mix with moderate fish of medium size, not with small fish. Pencil fish likes weak acidic soft water, and the optimum water temperature is 24 ~ 28℃.
(8) guppy
Peacock fish, also known as rainbow fish, million fish and cool fish, belongs to Cetaceae. Peacock fish is named for its slender figure and beautiful flower tail. The male fish can reach 3 cm in length, and the tail length accounts for about 2/3 of the body length; The female fish can reach 5 cm in length, and the tail length accounts for more than 1/2 of the body length. Male fish are brightly colored, such as red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple. The tail fin has 1 ~ 3 rows of black dots with the same size and orderly arrangement, or a large colored dot, like the dots on peacock tail hair. There are many kinds of tail fin shapes, including round tail, triangular tail, flag tail, torch tail, piano tail, tooth tail, dovetail, upper sword tail, lower sword tail and skirt tail. The color of female fish is monotonous, except that the tail fin is bright blue, yellow, green and light blue, with black spots of different sizes, and other fins are average. After several generations of cross-selection, the body color patterns of guppies are ever-changing, some are covered in silver, some are like snakeskin stripes, some tail fins are as red as fire, some are lavender, some are all red and all black, and some are green, red and black. Although the guppy is small, its body color is rich and colorful, so it can be raised in groups or mixed with other mild species.
(9) Pearl mackerel
The origin of pearl mackerel is Mexico. The body length of the pearl mackerel can reach 12 cm, and its body color is olive green, which gradually turns pale blue towards the abdomen. There are 10 neat maroon stripes from the back to the abdomen, and the iris is blue. The dorsal fin of pearl mackerel is different from other fish. It is tall and wide, standing like a sail, covered with pearl-like spots and patterns, and the edge of its dorsal fin is inlaid with neat red lace. Because other fins are transparent and colorless, it highlights the beauty of its sail fins. Pearl mackerel likes weak alkaline hard water, and the pH value should be 7.4 ~ 7.6, the hardness should be 2 degrees, and the water temperature should be 24 ~ 27℃.
(10) dark horse punishment
Black jam belongs to Hibiscus, and its origin is the United States and Mexico. The dark horse is spindle-shaped, and its whole body, including eyes and fins, is black and shiny, with a body length of 5 ~ 6 cm. After long-term cross breeding on the basis of five dark horses, many precious varieties have been cultivated, such as sail-winged black horse, Qin-tailed black horse and sail-winged Qin-tailed black horse. Black salted duck is suitable for living in weak alkaline hard water, which requires pH 7.4 ~ 7.6, hardness 12 degree and suitable water temperature of 22 ~ 24℃. Dark horses are gentle and can be mixed with some tropical fish, such as swordfish.
(1 1) Red Swordfish
Red flag fish, also known as red flag fish, belongs to cetaceans, and its origin is also Mexico and Guatemala. Red flag fish is a hybrid of swordfish and moonlight fish, which has been artificially bred. The shape of red flag fish is similar to that of swordfish, but thicker than swordfish, and the shape of fins is different. Red-flag fish is 5 ~ 8 cm long, red or orange-red, purple below the lateral line and black eyes. According to the color of the fish, the shape of the dorsal fin, whether the caudal fin is forked or not, and whether the tail sword extended by the caudal fin is inlaid with black edges, red-flag fish can be divided into many different species. Some red-flag fish are all red, including eyes and fins, as beautiful as red velvet. This red swordfish is watched in low light or light. You can see bright red. When it swims in an aquarium with aquatic plants, it is very dazzling and can be called a treasure in red flag fish. Red flag fish is gentle and easy to mix with other tropical fish. If you are interested in crossbreeding to cultivate new varieties, you can mix them with moonlight fish, otherwise there will be many degraded varieties. Red-flag fish like to jump. Cover the box when feeding to prevent red-flag fish from jumping out of the box and causing casualties.
(12) Pearl fish
Pearl fish, also known as pearl vest, belongs to the family Percidae and is native to Malaysia. The fish is spindle-shaped and has a body length of 10 cm. Its primary colors are silver gray and red, with a deep back and a shallow abdomen. Its gluteal fin is very developed and has two tentacles. The whole body, including dorsal fin, gluteal fin and caudal fin, is covered with silver beads, just like pearls, hence the name pearl fish. Pearl fish has low requirements on water quality and can survive well in weak acid, weak alkali and neutral water environment. Pearl fish is gentle and can be mixed with other kinds of tropical fish.
(13) Kissing fish
Kissing fish belongs to the family Percidae, also known as kissing fish and kissing fish, and its origin is Indonesia, Malaysia and so on. The shape is round, the side is flat and the length can reach 20 cm; The mouth is large, the lips are thick and extend forward, and there are serrations; All fins are transparent; The body color is reddish or milky white, the mouth and eyes are red, the head has black vertical stripes, and the tail handle also has black stripes, but it is not obvious. Sometimes people will find a pair of kissing fish kissing together or kissing while swimming. In fact, this is not a kiss between the opposite sex, but a struggle to defend their respective territories. Parent fish have the habit of eating moss or algae on the tank wall and are called "fish tank cleaners". When kissing fish eat moss on the tank wall, its head and tail are upside down, which is very funny. Parent fish like weak acid and soft water, and the suitable water temperature is 2 1 ~ 28℃. Kissing fish is gentle and lively, and can be mixed with other species, but it is not suitable to be mixed with easily frightened species, so as to avoid quiet fish eating and resting because kissing fish often swim fast.
(14) fighting fish in Thailand
Thai betta, also known as betta, betta and betta, belongs to the family Percidae and originated in Thailand. Thai betta is spindle-shaped, with a slightly flat side and a body length of 8 cm, and the male fish is smaller. Its dorsal fin, anal fin and caudal fin are particularly wide, especially the male fish. The tail fin is torch-shaped, and each fin has blue-black eyes, while the female fish is lighter in color. Thai betta fish is cultivated through hybridization and artificial breeding, and its body color is bright, including red, purple, grass green, brilliant blue, jet black and variegated colors. Thai fighting fish is famous for its aggressiveness, but the fighting is only between mature males. Males don't fight with females or other kinds of tropical fish, and females don't fight with each other. When two males meet, they will fight, and they will be bruised all over, with incomplete fins and even the result of being bitten to death. Therefore, adult male fish cannot be raised together, and they should be mixed with other tropical fish. Thai betta fish has an auxiliary respiratory organ-pleated gills. When the water is short of oxygen, it can swim to the surface and swallow the oxygen in the air, so it generally won't suffocate and die because of lack of oxygen. Thai betta fish has no special requirements for water quality, and can survive well in neutral water with weak acid and weak alkali, and has no strict requirements for water hardness. The suitable water temperature is 22 ~ 26℃.
(15) angelfish
Angel fish, also known as angel fish and swallow fish, is native to the Amazon River in South America. The angelfish is flat sideways, with a body length of 12cm and a body height of 15cm. Its body color is silvery white with yellow stripes, its abdomen is shallow and its back is deep. Several fins on dorsal fin and gluteal fin are very long, the fins on both sides are short, the ventral fin is long and filiform, and the distance between the upper and lower ends of caudal fin is long and the middle is straight. When the angelfish swims in the water, it is like a swallow flying in the air, so it is also called swallow fish. There are four vertical stripes on both sides of the fish, and the eyes are black. The iris is bright red. Angel fish like to live in a large water body with broad-leaved aquatic plants, and it is required to keep the water body clean, with a pH value of 6.5 ~ 7.4 and a suitable water temperature of 26℃, which is not suitable for mixed culture with other fish. There are many kinds of angelfish, which can be divided into short tail, middle tail and long tail in shape, and red-eyed swallow, Yin Yan, black-and-white swallow, zebra swallow, diamond swallow, grey ink swallow and golden head swallow in color. Among them, red-eyed swallows and diamond swallows are the most precious, and Mo Yan is the most difficult to raise.
(16) Colorful Immortals
Colorful fairy, also known as milk fish, belongs to Liliaceae, and its origin is in Amazon River. The fish is flat and disc-shaped and its body length can reach 15cm. The bases of dorsal fin and gluteal fin are very long, and the dorsal fin reaches the base of caudal fin from beginning to end. The gluteal fin extends from the back of the ventral fin to the base of the caudal fin. The fish is brown, with blue-black vertical stripes on both sides, and red-blue twisted stripes on the head, trunk, dorsal fin, gluteal fin and ventral fin. These stripes change with the change of light intensity, which can be said to be colorful, and this fish swims gracefully, which makes people fondle it. Multicolored immortals like clean soft water, with a pH of 6.2 ~ 6.8 and a suitable water temperature of 25 ~ 28℃. It is best to plant broad-leaved aquatic plants in water, which is not suitable for group feeding.
(17) Colorful Immortals
Colorful immortals, also known as discus and colorful swallows, belong to Liliaceae and originate from Amazon River. Colorful fairy is a variant of colorful fairy, and its appearance is very similar to that of colorful fairy. From a distance, they look like discus, so they are also called discus. Its body length can reach 20 cm, and its primary colors are brilliant blue, dark green and brown. There are eight evenly spaced brown-red horizontal stripes on the fish body, and the fish head, trunk, dorsal fin and anal fin are covered with irregular wavy longitudinal stripes. Its color changes with the light, it is also elegant when swimming, and its figure is perfect. It is deeply loved by tropical fish lovers, so it is called the title of tropical fish emperor. There are also many varieties of colorful immortals, including red, green, blue and blue-green. In terms of body shape, there are wide fins, tall bodies and wide fins; There are turquoise and non-turquoise patterns. Colorful immortals like to live in soft water with high temperature and high oxygen, and the pH value should be around 6, and the water temperature should be 26 ~ 30℃. Multicolored immortals like quiet, but they are afraid of shock. It is best to keep it in a large aquarium, with broad-leaved aquatic plants and gravel to be invisible. Colorful immortals can be mixed with quiet little pelagic fish.
(1) Hegel's Color Fairy: This fish was discovered by John Jacob Hegel of the Vienna Museum of Natural History when he was exploring South America in 1840. It is the oldest colorful fairy fish. Its most striking feature is that there are five dark longitudinal bands in the center of its side. Varieties are distinguished according to Hegel's dark zone, and its eyes are mostly dark brown and dark orange red. The fifth dark vertical stripe is the world-famous "Hegelian stripe".
(2) Seven-color green: It is difficult to distinguish it from seven-color blue, but it is not difficult for experienced professionals to distinguish it. Its water ripples will not exceed the ridge end of the gluteal fin, and the lines of the gluteal fin will be broken. Its eyes are characterized by strong red tones, and its body color is slender water ripples, yellow tones and deep earthy tones inlaid with green tones.
(3) Blue Colorful: The body color is red with brown background, and the eyes are orange red and yellow. There are some beautiful blue stripes from the head to the base of dorsal fin ripple, among which Royal Blue Colorful is a complete stripe.
(4) Brown colorful: This is the most common and common variety, and it is also the easiest to breed. The logo is that there are few stripes, mainly concentrated on the head and fins, and the background color is light yellow, khaki, reddish brown and red.
(18) map fish
Map fish, also known as piggy fish, belongs to Lepidoptera, and its origin is the upper reaches of Amazon River and Paraguay River in South America. Map fish is a large fish, its body length can reach 35 cm or even longer. The fish is burly, with a wide head and mouth and a long dorsal fin base, extending from the back above the pectoral fin to the tail stalk. The tail of the fin is a serrated hard fin spine, the ventral fin is ventral, and the trailing edge of the caudal fin is round. This fish is dark black or dark brown, with irregular orange spots and red stripes on its trunk, just like a swimming map, hence the name map fish. Although the map fish is clumsy, it swims very fast, responds quickly and preys accurately. After eating, it often lies lazily at the bottom of the pool to rest, just like when pigs rest, so it is also called piggy fish. Giant fish is edible and delicious, and it is one of the precious drugs. Map fish has no special requirements for water quality, and can survive well in alkaline, acidic and neutral water. The suitable water temperature is 2 1 ~ 26℃. Map fish are sensitive to light, and through continuous breeding, many varieties such as white map fish, red map fish, yellow map fish and red map fish have been cultivated. Map fish are fierce diners and can't be mixed with other small fish.
(19) Three mice
Three mice, also known as crown loach, belong to loach family and are native to Indonesia. Three mice were oblate, with a body length of 10 ~ 30 cm, apricot yellow, three black stripes on the head and trunk, and red pectoral fins and caudal fins. The head and nose are small, the tentacles are thick and short, and there are thorns at the moment, which can be ejected when frightened and can be used as self-defense organs. All three mice like water with weak acidity and high dissolved oxygen, and the suitable water temperature is 23 ~ 28℃. The three mice are gentle, timid and quiet, and should not be mixed with fierce or active fish.
(20) Red parrot
The red parrot is native to Taiwan Province Province, China, and it is a metamorphosis of the young fish of Azar. This red parrot is round and fat, looks funny and has a parrot-like mouth. Its whole body is rosy, and its young body is gray, but with the passage of time, its body color gradually changes from gray to white, from white to pink, and finally to blood red. Red parrot likes weak acid fresh water and sunshine, and has a mild temperament. It can be mixed with most tropical fish except large fierce fish.
(2 1) Black Devil
The black devil is also called the devil's knife. Origin in central Brazil, Guyana River Basin. The shape of the black devil is very strange. Body length is 45 ~ 50 cm, and the whole body is black but dull. It has developed ventral fins, no dorsal fins and a yellow line on its back. The head is streamlined, the chest is wider, the back is thinner, and the tail is black and white. Fish's eyes have degenerated and they can hardly see anything. They all rely on microwaves emitted by their bodies to prey on and avoid obstacles. The dark devil's swimming style is beautiful and changeable. Sometimes he swims forward, sometimes backward, sometimes backward, and sometimes vertically. The dark Lord likes weak acid and soft water, and needs aquatic plants, heavy trees and gravel in the water to be invisible. The dark Lord usually lies flat on the bottom of the water during the day and likes to come out at night.
Elephant trunk fish
Elephant-nosed fish belongs to the family Elephant-nosed Fish, and its origin is Congo and Cameroon. Elephant-nosed fish has a strange shape and a body length of about 20 cm. Except for the edges of dorsal fin, anal fin and caudal fin and a few white lines on the trunk between dorsal fin and anal fin, the whole body is black. The mandible of the elephant-nosed fish extends forward in a tubular shape, and the mandible can move and be used to explore food, so it is named elephant-nosed fish. Elephant trunk fish has straight back and abdomen, long pectoral fin, short ventral fin, symmetrical dorsal fin, similar anal fin and forked caudal fin. The tail muscles can send out a weak current for self-defense. Elephant trunk fish like weak acid or neutral soft water, and the suitable water temperature is 22 ~ 28℃. Its adult fish is aggressive, so it is necessary to plant aquatic plants in the aquarium, place heavy gravel for stealth, and add a cover outside to prevent the elephant trunk fish from jumping out of the aquarium at night.
(23) Anti-swimming catfish
Anti-swimming catfish, also known as vole, belongs to loach family and originated from Congo River. The figure is spindle-shaped, with a body length of 6 ~ 7 cm, a brown-blue body color and a shallow abdomen. The dorsal fin is large and sharp, with fat fins and forked caudal fins. There are three pairs of tentacles, which are tactile organs that can help the eyes find food or detect the movement around them. Its vision is very keen, and it can distinguish objects in the dark environment. There are many brown or purple spots on the trunk. The swimming style of catfish is very strange. Usually, you swim slowly with your abdomen up and your back down, turn over quickly when you avoid enemy injury or predation, and swim quickly with your back up and your abdomen down. This is the unique habit of catfish.
(24) Seven-star saury
Seven-star fish, also known as Oriental Knife and Bowback Fish, belongs to the family Humpback Fish, and its origin is Thailand, Myanmar and India. The fish has a flat side and an arched back. It is 90 cm long and its body color is silvery gray or grayish black. The first half of it is higher, and it gradually becomes shorter after dorsal fin, showing a sharp edge towards caudal fin. The dorsal fin and ventral fin are long and connected with the caudal fin, and the edge of the fin is as thin as a blade. There are many black round spots with white edges on both sides of the fish. Seven-star saury has low requirements on water quality, and can survive well in weak acid, weak alkali and neutral water, and the suitable water temperature is above 24℃. Saury is a carnivorous fish. You can't mix with small fish, you can mix with big fish.
(25) Silver Dragon
Silver dragon, also known as dragon figure bead, silver belt, etc. It belongs to the family Osteoglossidae, which originated from the Amazon River. The silver dragon is flat and long, with a body length of 1 m and a silvery white color. Pale pink in the light. Its dorsal fin and gluteal fin are banded, reaching the base of caudal fin along the dorsal abdomen, and the caudal fin is round and fan-shaped. In the upper position of the mouth, the mouth crack is large and inclined downward, with a pair of short whiskers. There are five rows of large round scales on each side of the body. Yinlong requires large water body (not less than 1.5m long water tank) and clean water quality. The suitable water temperature is 24 ~ 28℃. The aquarium should be covered with a net to prevent the silver dragon from jumping out of the box. Silver dragon is the representative of arowana, in addition to Jinlong, Red Dragon, Qinglong and Black Dragon.