1 safety inspection contents: coal mine safety regulations and basic standards for coal mine safety in Henan Province.
2 Coal mines must fill in and draw drawings reflecting the actual situation in time 1 Mine geology and hydrogeology Figure 2 Comparison between underground and underground Figure 3 Roadway layout Figure 4 Mining engineering plan Figure 5 Ventilation system Figure 6 Underground transportation system Figure 7 Safety monitoring equipment layout Figure 8 Pipeline systems such as drainage, dust prevention, fire prevention, grouting, compressed air, filling and gas extraction. 9 Underground Communication System Diagram 10 Underground Power Distribution System Diagram and Underground Electrical Appliance Layout Diagram 1 1 Underground Disaster Avoidance Roadmap 3 Requirements for entering the well: personnel entering the well must wear safety helmets, carry self-rescuer and miner's lamp with them, and tobacco, ignition materials, chemical fiber clothing, drinking before entering the well and mental patients are strictly prohibited.
Coal mining enterprises must establish a system of health examination and inspection in and out of wells. Four natural disasters: gas, coal dust, flood, fire and roof.
5 One ventilation and three prevention: One ventilation refers to ventilation, fire prevention, gas prevention and coal dust prevention. What is mine gas? What are the main ingredients? Mine gas is the general name of all kinds of harmful gases released from coal seams, rock strata and mined-out areas during coal mine production.
There are mainly biogas (SH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Properties of carbon monoxide: Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas with a specific gravity of 0.97 lighter than that of air, which is generally flammable and explosive in the middle and upper part of roadway. According to the regulations, the concentration of carbon monoxide underground shall not exceed 0.0024%. Three elements of gas explosion: gas content 5%- 16%, with 650-.
Oxygen content is not less than 12%. The explosive force is the strongest when the methane concentration reaches 9.5%.
Three violations refer to: illegal operation, illegal command and violation of labor discipline. 1 1 Hazard of watt-hour explosion: 1 After the gas explosion, it not only caused a large number of casualties, but also produced high-temperature and high-pressure gas, destroying underground facilities.
After the gas explosion, the temperature at the explosion point drops, and the air is thin, which forms a reverse impact force and increases its explosiveness. After the gas explosion, a large amount of oxygen participated in the combustion, resulting in low oxygen content, and at the same time, due to the increase of carbon monoxide, a large number of casualties were caused.
4 After the gas explosion, the high temperature (1850 degrees) caused a fire. After the gas explosion, the communication facilities and ventilation system were destroyed, which brought difficulties to mine rescue.
10 One shot and three inspections: before charging, before blasting and after blasting. 1 1 requirements of the anemometer station: it should be located on a straight road, with its own length not less than 4m, and there are no obstacles such as detours in front and back 10m. The anemometer station shall have a record board marked with a number.
In the wood-supported roadway, a wind measuring station is set up, which is in close contact with the wind roof, so that all the air volume in the roadway can pass through. 12 three uses and two locks: three uses refer to special transformers, special switches and special lines.
2. Locking: refers to wind power locking and pneumatic locking. 13 "three pairs" of gas inspection refers to the record board of the gas inspection place, the inspection manual carried by the gas inspector and the gas account on the ground.
Main contents: inspection place and inspector's name, inspection date and frequency, specific time of each inspection and inspection results. 14 what is an independent ventilation system? The return air of mining area or mining face directly enters the return air lane, and no longer enters the ventilation system of other mining faces or other places where wind is used.
15 series ventilation: the ventilation mode in which the return air from the mining face or cavern enters other mining faces or chambers. The harm is that the air in the mining face or the chamber in series cannot be guaranteed.
When a disaster occurs in the front mining face or cavern, it will affect the series working faces and expand the scope of the disaster area. According to the regulations, with the approval of the mine manager and chief engineer, series ventilation shall not exceed twice, and the gas concentration in series ventilation shall not exceed 0.5%. 16 circulating air: circulating air generally occurs in the local ventilation system, that is, part or all of the airflow enters the same intake air.
Hazard: The wind in the heading face returns to the heading face repeatedly, and the concentration of toxic and harmful gas and dust will increase, which is not only the deterioration of the working environment, but more importantly, the gas concentration in the airflow is getting higher and higher, which is easy to lead to gas accidents. The "Regulations" stipulates that the local ventilator and its starting device must be installed in the air inlet roadway, and the distance from the air outlet is not less than10m.
17 upward ventilation and downward ventilation: for mines or inclined lanes, the ventilation mode of upward airflow is called upward ventilation; On the contrary, the ventilation mode of downward airflow is called downward ventilation. 18 the specific contents of "three noes, four noes, two neat, three complete and two lasting" for underground power supply are: three noes: inorganic chicken feet, sheep tail and unknown joints.
Fourth, there are overcurrent and leakage protection devices, screws and spring pads, sealing rings and baffles, and grounding devices. Sanquan: complete protective devices, complete insulation appliances and complete drawings and materials.
Persistence: Adhere to the use of leak detection relays, adhere to the use of coal electric drills, fully protect lighting and signals, and adhere to the use of gas and wind power locking. 19 requirements for management and use of miner's lamps: 1 The total number of intact miner's lamps in each mine should be at least more than the number of frequent users 10%. Every lamp should be numbered, and those who often use miner's lamps must be lit by a special person.
3. The miner's lamp should be intact. If there is battery leakage, insufficient brightness, lightning falling off, bad lamp lock, loose lamp holder ring, broken glass, etc. It is forbidden to distribute miner's lamps. The minimum miner's lamp can be used continuously 1 1 hour. 4. Lighting room personnel must report the list of personnel who have not returned the lamp to the mine operation department 2 hours after each shift change.
What are the omens before the mine is flooded? Before flooding, there may be signs such as sweating, redness, water whistling, air cooling, fog, etc., such as obvious pressure increase, floor bulging, roof drenching, mud in the rock, roof caving, etc. 2 1 principle of water exploration and discharge: state-owned: if you have doubts, you must explore first, and then collect it; Township; Explore before digging, explore before mining.
22 Timber yard requirements: The timber yard shall be not less than 80m away from the wind shaft. 23 ground fire pool regulations: the ground fire pool must keep no less than 200 cubic meters of water.
Fireworks and stoves are not allowed to be used for heating in the well and within 20 meters near the ventilation room. 25 handling misfire shall comply with the following provisions? Dealing with misfire must be carried out under the direct guidance of the team leader and should be handled in shifts.
If it is not handled on duty, it must be handed over to the blaster at the scene with the same blaster. Before the misfire treatment is completed, it is strictly forbidden to carry out work unrelated to misfire treatment on site.
What are the rules of the blaster?
2. Basic knowledge about mine safety
A, mine geological safety knowledge
(1) minerals
Minerals are simple substances or compounds with certain chemical composition and physical characteristics formed by chemical elements in the earth's crust through geological processes. There are three kinds of minerals in nature: solids, such as syenite, orthoclase and mica; Liquids such as water and natural mercury; Gaseous, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide.
(2) Rock
1. Physical and mechanical properties of rocks
Rock is a mineral object composed of one or more minerals under various geological functions. The physical and mechanical properties of rocks are manifested in three aspects: deformation characteristics, strength characteristics and failure forms.
2) Strength characteristics of rocks
Under the action of external load, when the stress reaches a certain limit, the rock will be destroyed, which is the strength limit of the rock. Specific indicators are: uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, shear strength and triaxial compressive strength.
3) the failure form of rock
The failure forms of rocks are divided into brittle failure and plastic failure.
2. Coal seam roof and floor rocks
(1) roof rock. From the point of view of coal mining, according to the difficulty of roof strata deformation and caving, the roof strata of coal seam can be divided into three types: false roof, direct roof and basic roof (also known as old roof). (2) Floor rock. The floor rock of coal seam can be divided into direct floor and basic floor (also called old floor).
(3) Strata
Stratigraphic system is used to describe the spatial relationship between upper and lower strata. Stratigraphic division units commonly used in the world are bounded, series and series. Geological age is used to describe the time relationship between upper and lower strata. On the basis of dividing the stratigraphic system, the development history of the crust is divided into several geological age units, namely generation, era and world.
(4) Geological structure
Sedimentary rock layers (including coal seams) are generally horizontal or nearly horizontal when they are formed, and they are continuous and complete in a certain range. However, due to the influence of crustal movement, the shape and occurrence of rock strata have changed. The result of this deformation and displacement of rock strata caused by crustal movement is called tectonic change. According to its manifestations, structural changes can be mainly divided into folds and faults. This change in the spatial form of rock strata caused by crustal movement is called geological structure.
1. Rock occurrence factors
In order to explain the spatial form of inclined strata, occurrence factors are often used to express it, that is, the strike, dip and dip angle of strata.
2. Fold structure
The basic unit of fold structure is called fold. A fold is a bend in a rock formation.
(1) Basic forms of folds: Generally speaking, the basic forms of folds are divided into anticlines and synclines.
(2) Folding elements: Folding elements include core, wing, axial plane, shaft and hinge.
(3) Classification of folds: According to the occurrence of folded crankshaft surface, it can be divided into vertical folds, inclined folds and inverted folds.
3. Fault structure
Under the action of external force or internal force, the rock mass is mechanically destroyed, which makes the rock mass lose its continuity and integrity. Whether there is displacement or not, it is said that the rock mass is fractured. After fracture, if there is no obvious displacement of strata on both sides, it is called a crack or joint; Significant displacement is called fault.
1) cracks
Cracks can be divided into primary cracks, weathering cracks and structural cracks according to their causes.
According to the relationship between the occurrence of fractures and the occurrence of rock strata, they can be divided into strike fractures, dip fractures and oblique fractures.
2) Failure
A fault structure in which the strata move significantly along the fault plane is called a fault.
(1) fault elements. In order to describe the nature, location and spatial form of faults, we give certain names to all parts of faults, and the basic components of these faults are called fault elements.
(2) Classification of faults. According to the direction of relative movement of footwall and footwall of fault, it can be divided into normal fault, reverse fault and plane inference layer. According to the dip angle of fault plane, reverse faults can be divided into thrust faults (the dip angle of fault plane is greater than 45), overthrust faults (the dip angle of fault plane is between 45 and 25) and overthrust faults (the dip angle of fault plane is below 25), and faults can be divided into strike faults and oblique faults according to the relationship between fault strike and stratum strike. In areas where fault structures are developed, many faults often appear in some combination form, including graben and horst, imbricate structure and stepped structure.
(5) Groundwater
5. Groundwater classification
According to the burial conditions of groundwater, it can be divided into diving and confined water; According to the nature of groundwater aquifer, it can be divided into pore water, fissure water and karst water. Karst development must meet four conditions: there must be soluble rock stratum, which is permeable due to cracks, water must be erosive and water must flow in the rock stratum.
6. Chemical composition of groundwater
Due to different chemical compositions, groundwater shows different chemical properties. The commonly used indexes reflecting the chemical properties of groundwater are the total salt content of water, the concentration of hydrogen ions (pH value) and the hardness of water.
7. The source of mine water
In the process of coal mine production, it is often seen that groundwater flows into the roadway or working face, which is mine water. The sources of mine water are surface water, aquifer water, old kiln water and fault water.
3. The propaganda content of coal mine fire safety knowledge is urgent.
Management Regulations on Preventing Coal Spontaneous Combustion and Setting Fire-extinguishing Equipment 1. When designing a mining area or working face, the production technology department must seriously consider the fire prevention problem and follow the following principles: (1) Try to adopt a mining procedure that can avoid excessive cutting of coal pillars in the roadway.
[2]. Leave enough protection coal pillar, and adopt separate management of mining areas to avoid intercommunication between mining areas. (3) Reasonably arrange ventilation facilities and try to avoid mines and mined-out areas.
(4). Try to reduce the number of coal wells across coal seams and try to avoid regional corner ventilation system. 5]. Realize centralized production, shorten the production front as much as possible, and gradually shrink and close the old mining area.
2. Using gob-side entry retaining mining method to promote the working face, the ventilation department should formulate special fire prevention measures and submit them to the chief engineer of the mine for approval. 3. The coal mining face must be operated in strict accordance with the requirements of operation procedures, so as not to cause coal loss to the goaf or less. Mining height must be strictly controlled, leaving no top coal or bottom coal. The floating coal at the end and working face shall be cleaned up and shall not be left in the goaf.
4. Strengthen roadway support and try to avoid roof caving and roof leakage accidents. In case of roof caving and roof leakage accidents, the floating coal and fake coal in the roof caving and roof leakage areas must be cleaned up, and measures should be taken to seal the roof caving area firmly.
5. After the mining of the working face, all kinds of equipment must be recovered to ensure that the roof of the goaf can fully collapse and be dense, and try to eliminate the air leakage in the goaf; Before the roadway supported by bolt enters the goaf, the supporting plate should be removed. 6. After the end of the mining face and mining area, a permanent airtight (firewall) must be built as soon as possible, no later than 45 days.
7. The goaf airtight (firewall) must ensure the quality, tight air leakage, cut during construction, cut depth meets the requirements. When building a permanent seal (firewall) where there is water gushing, return pipe should also be set up and cement base should be laid.
8. The closed working face or mining area shall not be unsealed until it is confirmed by sampling and testing that there is no spontaneous combustion. 9. The unsealed closed working face or mining area must formulate safety technical measures to prevent coal spontaneous combustion.
10 within three days after the closed working face or the mining area is unsealed, the ventilation work must be checked once per shift by the mine rescue team, and the water temperature, air temperature and air composition must be determined. After confirming that there is no spontaneous combustion, production can be resumed.
1 1. All underground electromechanical rooms and powder magazines shall be equipped with fire-fighting equipment such as dry powder fire extinguishers and sand boxes, with a minimum quantity of 4 fire extinguishers and 0.4m3 sand. 12. The belt conveyor head shall be equipped with at least two fire extinguishers, and the fire-fighting pipelines within the range of15m nearby shall be equipped with tees and valves, and the fire-fighting hoses shall be equipped with at least10m.
13. The underground fire-fighting material warehouse is located at the bottom of the well and equipped with fire-fighting trains. The variety and quantity of materials and tools should be kept in a detailed account, and the mine manager should organize the relevant departments to check once every quarter, and solve the problems in time when they are found. 14. Fire-fighting equipment in all parts of the country is managed by the mechanical and electrical department, transportation teams and mining teams.
Expired fire-fighting equipment must be replaced in time, and hardened sand should be loosened or replaced in time. 15. The equipment consumed in fire fighting treatment must be replenished to the specified quantity by the management unit within 24 hours.
4. The propaganda content of coal mine fire safety knowledge is urgent.
Management Regulations on Preventing Spontaneous Combustion of Coal and Setting Fire Control Facilities
1. When designing the mining area or working face, the production technology department must seriously consider the fire prevention problem and follow the following principles:
(1). Try to adopt mining procedures that can avoid excessive cutting of coal pillars in the mine.
[2]. Leave enough protection coal pillar, and adopt separate management of mining areas to avoid intercommunication between mining areas.
(3) Reasonably arrange ventilation facilities and try to avoid mines and mined-out areas.
(4). Try to reduce the number of coal wells across coal seams and try to avoid regional corner ventilation system.
5]. Realize centralized production, shorten the production front as much as possible, and gradually shrink and close the old mining area.
2. Using gob-side entry retaining mining method to promote the working face, the ventilation department should formulate special fire prevention measures and submit them to the chief engineer of the mine for approval.
3. The coal mining face must be operated in strict accordance with the requirements of operation procedures, so as not to cause coal loss to the goaf or less. Mining height must be strictly controlled, leaving no top coal or bottom coal. The floating coal at the end and working face shall be cleaned up and shall not be left in the goaf.
4. Strengthen roadway support and try to avoid roof caving and roof leakage accidents. In case of roof caving and roof leakage accidents, the floating coal and fake coal in the roof caving and roof leakage areas must be cleaned up, and measures should be taken to seal the roof caving area firmly.
5. After the mining of the working face, all kinds of equipment must be recovered to ensure that the roof of the goaf can fully collapse and be dense, and try to eliminate the air leakage in the goaf; Before the roadway supported by bolt enters the goaf, the supporting plate should be removed.
6. After the end of the mining face and mining area, a permanent airtight (firewall) must be built as soon as possible, no later than 45 days.
7. The goaf airtight (firewall) must ensure the quality, tight air leakage, cut during construction, cut depth meets the requirements. When building a permanent seal (firewall) where there is water gushing, return pipe should also be set up and cement base should be laid.
8. The closed working face or mining area shall not be unsealed until it is confirmed by sampling and testing that there is no spontaneous combustion.
9. The unsealed closed working face or mining area must formulate safety technical measures to prevent coal spontaneous combustion.
10 within three days after the closed working face or the mining area is unsealed, the ventilation work must be checked once per shift by the mine rescue team, and the water temperature, air temperature and air composition must be determined. After confirming that there is no spontaneous combustion, production can be resumed.
1 1. All underground electromechanical rooms and powder magazines shall be equipped with fire-fighting equipment such as dry powder fire extinguishers and sand boxes, with a minimum quantity of 4 fire extinguishers and 0.4m3 sand.
12. The belt conveyor head shall be equipped with at least two fire extinguishers, and the fire-fighting pipelines within the range of15m nearby shall be equipped with tees and valves, and the fire-fighting hoses shall be equipped with at least10m.
13. The underground fire-fighting material warehouse is located at the bottom of the well and equipped with fire-fighting trains. The variety and quantity of materials and tools should be kept in a detailed account, and the mine manager should organize the relevant departments to check once every quarter, and solve the problems in time when they are found.
14. Fire-fighting equipment in all parts of the country is managed by the mechanical and electrical department, transportation teams and mining teams. Expired fire-fighting equipment must be replaced in time, and hardened sand should be loosened or replaced in time.
15. The equipment consumed in fire fighting treatment must be replenished to the specified quantity by the management unit within 24 hours.
5. Who can introduce the basic knowledge of mine safety?
Basic knowledge of mine safety I. Overview A mine is a place for mining ore or producing mineral raw materials.
Generally, it includes one or several open-pit mines, underground mines and pits, as well as various ancillary facilities (including concentrator, tailings pond and dump, etc.). ) to ensure production. According to the different kinds of minerals mined, mines are divided into coal mines and metal non-metal mines.
Coal mines are mines that produce coal, while metal non-metal mines are mines that mine metal ores, radioactive ores, building materials, auxiliary raw materials, refractories and other non-metal minerals (except coal). According to different mining methods, mines are divided into open-pit mines and underground mines, and they are jointly mined.
Open pit mine refers to the mining field and its ancillary facilities that extract minerals by stripping the surrounding rock and topsoil of the surface mining area; Underground mine (underground mine) refers to the mining site and its ancillary facilities that use adits, inclined shafts and shafts as entrances and exits to mine minerals. According to the size of mines, mines can be divided into large mines, medium mines and small mines.
6. Fire safety knowledge.
At least 0.27 yuan/day, you can open Baidu library members and view all the contents in the library >
Original publisher: Feixiang graphic
1 what are the contents of the "four capabilities" of fire safety? (1) Check the ability to eliminate fire hazards (2) Put out initial fires (3) Organize evacuation and escape (4) Publicity, education and training (2) What is the policy of fire control work? Give priority to prevention, combining prevention with elimination, including fire prevention and extinguishing. 1. "Prevention first" means that when dealing with the relationship between fire prevention and fire fighting, fire prevention must be put in the first place, and various active measures should be taken ideologically, organizationally and institutionally to prevent the occurrence of fire. 2. "Combination of fire prevention and fire extinguishing" means that while actively doing fire prevention work, it is fully prepared for fire extinguishing from the aspects of manpower, material resources and technology. Strengthen the construction of voluntary fire fighting team within the enterprise, equip with sufficient fire fighting equipment, strengthen fire fighting training, do a good job in combat readiness on duty, and make unremitting efforts. Once a fire breaks out, it can be put out quickly and in time to minimize the hidden danger of fire. 3 fire fighting task 1. Control and fire control all unsafe conditions and factors of fire and explosion; 2. Conditions and factors for limiting and eliminating the spread and expansion of fire and explosion; 3. Ensure that there are enough firefighters and fire-fighting equipment to put out the fire in time and reduce losses; 4. Ensure that there are enough safety exits and passages for people to escape and materials to evacuate; 5. Thoroughly find out the cause of the fire and explosion, and achieve "three don't let go" (that is, don't let go if the reason is unknown; Accident responsibility and employees' lack of education; Preventive measures were not implemented. How to use dry powder fire extinguisher? When using portable dry powder fire extinguisher, pull out the safety pin, hold the hose in one hand and aim the nozzle at the root of the flame; Press the handle with the other hand, and the dry powder can be sprayed out to extinguish the fire. (Brief Description: Pull out the bolt, hold the pipe and press the handle) 5 What are the precautions when using dry powder fire extinguishers? In case of fire, take a portable fire extinguisher nearby, pull out the safety bolt with the other hand, shake it up and down several times, and stand 3-4 meters away from the fire.