When we put forward the definition of green building, we also put forward the evaluation index system of green building, including land saving and outdoor environment, energy saving and energy utilization, water saving and water resources utilization, material saving and material resources, indoor environmental quality and operation management. These six indicators cover the basic elements of green building.
When building green buildings, we should consider the climate, resources, natural environment, economy, culture and other characteristics of the building area according to the principle of adapting to local conditions. The practice of green building is regional, and the climate, resource conditions, cultural customs and other aspects are different from place to place. The problems faced by green building and the solutions are also different. For example, when it comes to water saving and water resources utilization, rainwater infiltration and other requirements, it should be considered in combination with local water resources. In water-deficient areas, we should consider the setting of water system in buildings, attach importance to the recycling and cascade utilization of water, and improve the reuse rate of water resources. Rainwater collection and utilization can be considered in water-deficient areas with heavy rainfall; If we don't pay attention to the local regional characteristics, we will waste resources. Therefore, when building a green building, we should consider the dialectical relationship between energy saving, land saving, water saving, material saving, environmental protection and meeting building functions in the whole life cycle of the building.
There are sub-indicators under the six indicators of green building evaluation system. Green building requires a comprehensive, comprehensive and coordinated consideration of six major indicators, but it does not require that each sub-index should be achieved. In the forthcoming "Green Building Evaluation Standard", qualitative and quantitative requirements are put forward for sub-indicators. According to the degree of conformity of the sub-indicators, green buildings are classified, and the construction units of green buildings can choose and achieve the goals of different levels of green buildings according to the specific conditions of the project. With the passage of time and the increasingly rich practical experience of green building, the technology of green building is gradually mature, the number of solutions will gradually increase, and the requirements for green building will gradually increase. In March 2005, at the first international green building conference, the Ministry of Construction awarded the "Green Building Innovation Award", in which the comprehensive award was awarded to seven green building projects. These buildings pay attention to resource conservation and environmental protection in the construction process, which embodies the basic concept of green building. Although the overall level of some projects is low, it is a useful attempt to solve the prominent contradiction between resources and environment by combining local characteristics. These projects reflect the current level of green buildings in China, do better than ordinary buildings in terms of resource saving, and also provide practical experience for the future development of green buildings in China.
The starting point of "Technical Guidelines for Green Building" is to put forward a direction for the development of green buildings, and "Evaluation Criteria for Green Buildings" is a ruler used to evaluate green buildings. The guide was jointly issued by the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Science and Technology on June 5438+ 10, 2005, and the evaluation standard of green building is being compiled.
Guides tell people how to think about green buildings, and evaluation standards tell people how much green buildings should do to meet qualitative and quantitative requirements. For example, according to the evaluation standard of green buildings, we can divide green buildings into three grades, 1 star, 2 stars and 3 stars.
There is still a lot of work to be done in green building, and guidelines and evaluation criteria are only the first step. When evaluating green buildings in the future, it may be necessary to have a third-party certification body. The most important thing is to vigorously promote the industrialization of green building technology in China, and build a technical guarantee system, a building structure system, a parts system and a quality control system for green buildings. Carry out the demonstration project of green building technology industrialization base; Link the research and development, design, construction, production, sales and service of green building parts into a complete industrial system. Realize the standardization, serialization, industrialization, engineering and intensification of green building technology.
I think some developed countries abroad are more advanced in the development of green buildings, and learning from foreign experience is also a shortcut to avoid detours.