growing environment

temperature

Temperature is the most important factor to determine the growth of mycelium and fruiting body of Pleurotus eryngii, and it is also the key to the stability of yield. Different temperatures have obvious effects on the growth rate of mycelium. Pleurotus eryngii mycelium can grow on PSA medium, the temperature range is 6-32℃, and the optimum temperature for mycelium growth is 20-28℃, which is fast, uniform in thickness and vigorous in growth. The optimum temperature is about 24℃, and the growth rate is the fastest, thick and white, and vigorous. When the temperature is 6 to 16℃ and 32℃, the mycelium can grow, but the speed is slow and the growth is sparse. The growth stopped below 4℃ and above 36℃.

humidity

Mycelia can grow on sawdust culture medium with water content of 45% to 80%. When the water content is 60% to 70%, the mycelium grows fastest, thick, white and vigorous; From 45% to 55%, the mycelium grows fast, thick and white, but when the mycelium is not full, the surface of the medium has dried up and the upper mycelium begins to shrink, which is not conducive to the formation of fruiting bodies. When 75% to 80%, the growth rate of mycelium is slow, sparse and patterned. Different water contents have significant effects on mycelium growth. When preparing Pleurotus eryngii culture medium, the suitable water content is 65% ~ 70%. In the growth stage of fruiting body, the spatial relative humidity is required to be between 80% and 95%, but the requirements for relative humidity are different in different stages. In the stage of fruiting body formation, the relative humidity of space should be 85% ~ 95%, which is suitable for fast fruiting and many mushroom buds. In the growth stage of fruiting body, the relative humidity is required to be 80% to 90%; Before harvesting, the relative humidity of air can be controlled at about 75% to 80%, and the fruit body has low water content, easy storage and long shelf life.

pH value

According to the experimental results, Pleurotus eryngii can grow in the range of pH 4.0 ~ 8.0, and the suitable pH for mycelium growth and fruiting body formation is 5 ~ 6. In this pH range, hyphae grow fast, exuberant, have strong wall climbing ability and produce good mushrooms. When making culture bags, the natural pH value is generally suitable for mycelium growth and fruiting body formation of Pleurotus eryngii, but in areas with alkaline water quality, the pH value must be adjusted to about 6 to meet the needs of mycelium and fruiting body growth of Pleurotus eryngii.

light

Pleurotus eryngii mycelium grows well without light. The differentiation and growth of fruiting bodies need a certain amount of scattered light. It is not easy to form fruiting bodies in direct sunlight and completely dark environment. The suitable light intensity is 500 to 1000lx.

air

The mycelium growth and fruiting body growth of Pleurotus eryngii need fresh air. But in the mycelium growth stage, carbon dioxide accumulated in bottles and bags can promote mycelium growth. With the growth of mycelium, the concentration of carbon dioxide discharged from mycelium in the culture medium gradually increased from the content in normal air (0.03%) to 22%(22L/ m3), which can obviously stimulate the growth of mycelium. In the stage of fruiting body formation, metabolism is vigorous and sufficient oxygen is needed. If oxygen is insufficient, it is difficult for the fruiting body to differentiate or delay the appearance of primordia. The concentration of carbon dioxide should be controlled between 0.05- 1L/m3. Fresh air is still needed in the growth stage of fruiting body, and the concentration of carbon dioxide should be less than 2L/ m3. If the ventilation is not good, the fruiting body will grow slowly, and it will rot and stink in high temperature and high humidity weather.

nutrition

Pleurotus eryngii has a strong ability to decompose cellulose and lignin, and the culture medium needs rich carbon and nitrogen sources. Among the eight media tested by the author, the medium with cottonseed hull as the main raw material has the highest yield and the largest flower pattern; Secondly, cottonseed hull culture medium with bagasse or sawdust as the main raw material; Bagasse or sawdust has the lowest yield. If 5 %~ 10% corn powder or cottonseed powder is added to the culture medium of bagasse or sawdust, the yield can be increased, the size of fruiting body can be increased, and the stipe can be thickened.

Cultivation bottle making

Culture formula

Formula 1: cottonseed hull 50%, bran 25%, corncob 20%, rice bran 4%, calcium carbonate1%;

Formula 2: sawdust 30%, bran 30%, corncob 25%, soybean meal 6%, corn flour 7%, light calcium carbonate 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%.

Cultivated strain

Registered varieties selected by professional institutions can be applied on a large scale only after the mushroom production test of the production enterprise.

Manufacturing technology of cultivation bottle

Select polypropylene bottles with a volume of 1 100ml and a diameter of 75mm, fill each bottle with 650-680 g by an automatic bottling machine, punch the culture bottles, seal them by a capping machine, and steam sterilize them. When the temperature reaches 100℃, keep it at 12h, and then suffocate for 4h to complete sterilization. After cooling, inoculate the culture bottle. Under aseptic conditions, strains with the size of 1 broad bean were inoculated into the material surface and holes of each culture bag, and each bottle of original seeds could be inoculated into 25 culture bags. After inoculation, the fungus bag is moved into the fungus room and cultured in the dark, and the mycelium can grow up in about 30 days.