I was born in the countryside, and my primary school and even my middle school are in the countryside, so my classmates and even my teacher speak a strong local dialect. Of course, I also learned a real dialect. This didn't cause me much discomfort at that time, but I just vaguely felt that I didn't speak too foreign. When I went to college and went to other places, this discomfort became more and more obvious.
No, on the first day of school, we played a joke: at lunch, several people who came with us went to a restaurant to eat, and how many spoons were needed for soup, so someone said to the waiter, "Please bring us two spoons ('two' means' multiple' in our dialect)." "What?" The waiter didn't seem to hear it clearly, so we slowed down and repeated it, thinking that we must have heard it clearly this time. We never imagined that the waiter was still looking at us in doubt, so we had to talk and gesture. Finally, the waiter seemed to understand, only to see him leave quickly and bring us two spoons soon. After reading it, we were all shocked and smiled: "What, you don't want spoons?" "We want spoons, but not just two, but more." "Didn't you just say you wanted two?" We were speechless for a moment.
If it's just such a joke, I'll take it as a joke, but it's just an episode, and I can't help thinking deeply: Who caused today's situation? Yes, it is school education. It is because when we were in primary school or even middle school, people didn't pay attention to the popularization of Putonghua. The teachers in the school not only don't speak Mandarin themselves, but also don't let the students standardize their own language, which leads us to be full of dialects and not adapt to the current social situation. As a normal student, where will we go, taking the old road or changing the status quo? It is obviously not feasible to take the old road. Not only is it not feasible to walk on the podium in a few years, but it can't even pass at present. So we can only change the status quo.
But what really made me determined to change the status quo was the embarrassing situation inside and outside the classroom. In the past, when I was at school, it was very convenient to communicate with people around me in dialects, but now, I only have the same language with a few people who came with me, and I can't communicate with others at all. Compared with the standard Mandarin of people around me, I feel more rustic and inferior. Not only do you dare not speak in class, but you rarely communicate with others in your life. I always feel envious when I hear others answer questions or communicate in fluent Mandarin. Not only that, I was deeply impressed by the Putonghua taught by our lecturers for more than half a century. Listening to their lectures is simply a pleasure. How I wish I could be like them after teaching! Of course, there are also some lecturers who can't speak Mandarin, and some of their words are difficult to understand, which has strengthened my determination to change the status quo.
When I made up my mind, I had to put it into action, so I made a plan for myself to learn Mandarin and bought a book to learn Mandarin. According to the requirements in the book, I started with learning letters, then words and phrases, and finally sentence paragraphs. I not only learn from books, but also pay attention to using them in daily life, not only when reading texts, but also when communicating with others. As the saying goes, "No pains, no gains." My Mandarin has improved, and my life and study have changed a lot. I not only made many foreign friends, but also dared to answer questions in class. Suddenly I feel that my life is full, and all this benefits from the promotion of Putonghua, so I will shout: "Speaking Putonghua well is convenient for you and me."
I have a little boy with a flat nose. Because he got encephalitis at the age of two, his intelligence was impaired and he had a hard time studying. For example, if someone can write two or three hundred words in a composition, he can only write three or five lines. But even such a composition, he can write very touching.
It was a composition class, and the topic was "Wish". He thought about it for a long time, and then he wrote it seriously. This composition is very short. There are only three sentences: I have two wishes. The first one is that my mother smiles at me every day and says, "You are so smart." The second is that my teacher smiles and says to me every day, "You are not stupid at all."
Therefore, it is this composition that deeply touched his teacher. The mother-like teacher not only gave him the highest score, but also read the composition emotionally in class and criticized one by one: you are smart and your composition is very touching. Please rest assured that your mother will like you, your teacher will like you, and everyone will like you even more.
He took the composition book and skipped home like a magpie with a smile. But he didn't show his mother the composition book. He is waiting for a wonderful moment.
That moment finally arrived. It was my mother's birthday-a sunny Sunday: that day, he got up early and put his composition book in a beautiful big envelope made by himself, waiting for her to wake up. As soon as his mother woke up, he smiled and walked up to her and said, "Mom, today is your birthday, and I want to//give you a present."
Sure enough, looking at this composition, my mother poured out two lines of tears sweetly and hugged the little boy tightly.
Yes, intelligence will be impaired, but love will never.
Not afraid of three days, I am afraid that Sichuanese will speak Mandarin. My friend said that his Mandarin was really poor. This is his real experience of Mandarin.
Many years ago in autumn, my friend was admitted to a normal school. At that time, it was a great thing to leave the countryside, get a monthly salary and have an iron rice bowl. Walking into that school, it was the brothers and sisters who tried their best to promote the concept of 60 minutes long live. Our secondary schools and universities in China are strict and wide; Its disadvantage is that students are relaxed after entering school, and basically do not take learning seriously; Of course, except for the mid-term and final exams.
My friend thinks that something meaningful must be done in that environment. When he started his second class in a normal school, because his Chinese was always poor, his friends joined the school's literature club, hoping to improve his Chinese. As a result, he gradually fell in love with literature and especially liked the course "Selected Works and Writing".
In the first year of normal school, in the anthology writing class, Mr. Feng Zikai's "Climbing Mount Tai" described the scenery of Mount Tai, which was picturesque by their teacher. On the spot, he hoped that active students would get up and read this article. After being encouraged for a long time, 37 students bowed their heads and became quiet. No one raised their hands, and the atmosphere in the classroom was awkward.
Someone must stand up and break the deadlock. A friend saw a dish on the lecturer's face and raised his hand decisively; His teacher asked him to read by name. It's just that my friend's Mandarin is poor. Before reading the description, the students in the classroom burst into laughter. My friend was embarrassed and looked at the teacher eagerly, hoping that he could come and give him a hand. Unfortunately, the knowledgeable lecturer didn't encourage him, but integrated into everyone's laughter and pointed out some mistakes to him with a teasing tone and a wry smile. My poor friend blushed, and his eyes were filled with tears that only he knew. He sat down in sadness and despair.
A friend said that at that time, no one knew that he had spent six years in primary school in a rural school converted from an ancestral temple; And his primary school teachers are all junior high school graduates with the highest academic qualifications. How much can my poor friend learn from a private tutor with only a bowl of water?
After graduation, my friend applied to teach in a remote rural school. In his teaching career for several years, he also encountered a teaching scene similar to breaking the deadlock with a glance at his feet in Mandarin. A friend said that in an open class in the whole region, he talked about "Guilin Landscape"; When he vividly explained the quiet, clear and green description of Lijiang River, he encouraged his students to get up and read, because dozens of teachers were present at the lecture and his students were very timid. My friend is sweating with anxiety. At this moment, a girl named A Duo, when she bravely raised her hand to read aloud, her voice changed, and she stuttered at a glance when she read Mandarin. Some of my friends' students and some of my teachers could not help laughing. My friend looked around the classroom quietly, patted A Duo's trembling shoulder, encouraged her, and pointed out her mistakes in a friendly way. At the end of that open class, students were supposed to stay and practice for five minutes, but my friend suddenly changed the lesson plan, told his embarrassing experience of speaking Mandarin in a three-person tone, and made a small discussion with ideological education as the starting point.
My friend's class is very successful. However, over the years, the red prize certificate has long since disappeared; Real success should be the encouragement of friends to students. The student's name is A Duo. After graduating from Minzu University of China, he is now doing research on the protection of rare plants in Changbai Mountain and mailing him a few ginseng every year. And some of his other students, every autumn, chestnuts, pomegranates, burnt pears and even sucrose are mailed to him. They left a note in the package, meaning something like this: at the age when we needed encouragement most, you encouraged us and helped us build up confidence; Thank you very much. Wait a minute.
Because of some helpless reasons, my friend finally left the podium and became a salesman of an enterprise sales company. The day before yesterday, my friend participated in a national public bidding project in Kweichow Moutai in Guiyang. When the auction host suggested that all bidders bid on their own, no one came forward to respond to the host's proposal in a short time. My friend again. He was the first to glance at his feet in Mandarin, breaking the deadlock. From a technical point of view, he explained one difficult problem after another simply and clearly. A friend said, 100 class, no one laughs; After all, for more than 20 million projects, his eloquent exposition, for the audience, can completely ignore his glance at Mandarin.
My friend was signing a contract when he told me about this experience. My friend said that the task of 60 million yuan this year has been completed ahead of schedule. Next, he intends to use the paid annual leave to experience Mr. Feng Zikai's experience of climbing Mount Tai.
A few days ago, I wrote a short article on my experience and methods of learning Mandarin at the instigation of my friend, but I was transferred to the Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection, so I didn't have time until last night. Write it on the left. Mandarin, also known as Mandarin, is the standard Chinese language in Chinese mainland, with Beijing dialect as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect and typical modern vernacular as the grammatical norm. As the official pronunciation of Chinese, Putonghua is popularized all over the country. As a student in a normal school, learning Mandarin is a very important task. Because the school is the forefront of promoting Putonghua, even the main battlefield, and the teacher is the commander of this position or battlefield, it is very important to learn Putonghua well as a teacher. However, for people with a strong dialect accent, learning Mandarin is not an easy task, because the tongue is used to dialect pronunciation, and the front nasal sound and the back nasal sound are confused, and the common pronunciation is inconsistent with Mandarin pronunciation. In this regard, I have a deep understanding and some experience. First, on the basis of despising the difficulty of learning Mandarin, we attach great importance to learning Mandarin. Despite the strong dialect accent, it is very difficult to learn Mandarin well, but we still have to strategically despise this "enemy" and attach great importance to tactics, that is, learning methods. You can't be afraid, but you can't disagree. This is the ideological guarantee for learning Mandarin well. Second, arrange special time to learn Mandarin. In the process of learning Putonghua, we should pay attention to the study plan and set aside a certain time every day, such as 1 hour every day, to study Putonghua specially. This is the time guarantee for learning Mandarin well. Third, be diligent in learning from modern Chinese teachers. Modern Chinese teachers not only have solid basic knowledge of linguistics and phonetics, but also have received professional training. Moreover, the teacher is closest to himself and it is most convenient to ask for advice. Therefore, if you encounter something you don't understand, it is difficult to correct it. Ask the teacher for good learning methods in time, and you will certainly achieve good results. This is the most commonly used and effective learning method. Fourth, sort out the corresponding relationship between dialect accent and Putonghua. For example, "San" is pronounced in the dialect, but it is pronounced in Mandarin. Similar situations are listed one by one and sorted into a vocabulary comparison table between dialects and Putonghua. This is easy to remember and correct the nonstandard pronunciation of dialects. This is a comparative learning method. 5. Learn from students who are good at Mandarin. Communicate with students who speak Mandarin well, or engage in activities together to learn and entertain, so as to improve the level of Mandarin in language communication. This is an extended learning method. Sixth, often listen to Mandarin radio. Television, radio and other news programs and other programs generally use very standard Mandarin. Listening to and watching programs often is very helpful for learning Mandarin well. This is an extended learning method.
It seems that everyone can speak Mandarin, but it is really difficult to speak Mandarin well!
My wife and I are both teachers, and we usually communicate in Mandarin at home. So I think my Mandarin is OK. But after training in Mandarin, I found that my Mandarin was not standard at all. What are you talking about? I don't know anything. Tongue coating is the same as flat tongue, so are front nasal vowels and back nasal vowels. After a day's training, I'm so tired that my mouth is thirsty. Normal class reunion in the evening, but I, who usually loves to talk, changed my normal state and said nothing. The students were all surprised. I explained that after practicing Mandarin all day, I was afraid to speak.
But no matter how difficult it is to practice and learn Mandarin, we must learn it well! As a China person, how can you not speak Mandarin? What's more, as a primary school teacher, I shoulder the heavy responsibility of cultivating the next generation. It's okay to say it's not good, but you must not miss the next generation. When I got home, I was with my lover. You read it to me, I read it to you, day and night. Sometimes, my daughter will help. Her pronunciation is much better than our standard. Sometimes a person's voice can't be read well, and it's really hard to hear, which makes all three people laugh. Of course, after laughing, I still keep practicing.
As a southerner, I am naturally not as good at learning Mandarin as a northerner. It takes a lot of effort to learn it well. Now students begin to learn Mandarin as soon as they enter the campus, and some practice Mandarin since childhood. At that time, we went to primary and secondary schools and had more opportunities for Chinese classes. At other times, we seldom studied and used Mandarin. Specifically, after I entered the normal school, I systematically studied the basic skills of teachers-Putonghua. I really know the usefulness, beauty and arduousness of Mandarin. I was embarrassed, stiff, uneasy and ridiculous when discussing and communicating with my classmates in the north, which left me an indelible memory. For me, learning Mandarin is the most intimate experience. In college, I have more contact with local people than foreigners. I think it's natural for fellow villagers to communicate in dialects, which has a warm feeling and a sense of security, but it limits my thinking development, fetters my inspiration and affects the comparison and optimization between languages. I can have this level today, in addition to my persistent study, I have to thank my friends.
My experience in learning Putonghua is summarized as follows:
1. It took a long time to overcome shyness and anxiety. When talking to people, the most important thing is talking. At first, the other person can't fully understand the voice, and the inexplicable expression on his face often makes you and me embarrassed, and even makes jokes. It seems that his words are intended to make trouble and add jokes, which naturally leads to shyness and anxiety. It took me a long time to get used to and overcome it.
2. There is a great conflict between dialect pronunciation and standard pronunciation, so we should study with a clear aim. We should communicate and talk with foreigners and strangers more, and get into the habit of thinking in Mandarin.
3. There is a gap between habitual pronunciation and Putonghua pronunciation, which is difficult to correct. What has become a habit is often difficult to find by yourself, so be brave enough to talk, exchange experiences more, and be ashamed to ask questions.
4. Putonghua learning is a continuous process that cannot be interrupted. If "two days fishing, three days drying the net" is difficult to learn well.
5. Learn on the basis of listening, reading, reading, analyzing and comparing. This is also a good way to compare other dialects with foreign languages.
6. Be serious, learn with an open mind and keep making progress. Only by loving life, learning from others' strengths and making up for others' shortcomings can we learn something.
The above are some experiences in learning Mandarin. I hope they can help you, and I hope you can get good grades in the Mandarin exam!
The story of my prose with Mandarin 5 Mandarin is now a common language and the most common discourse. People use it every day in their daily lives, and now it has become a communication bridge between people. However, there are still some people who have pronunciation errors in Putonghua. It sounds half-baked and confusing.
This is what we often see and hear in our lives. Just like once, I accompanied my mother to the vegetable market to buy food. Just as we walked past the pork stall, an aunt was buying a piece of pork and said to the boss who sold it, "Boss, I want a piece of lean meat." Judging from his accent, he is obviously a local and speaks fluent vernacular Chinese. Say, "What? Sister, what did you say? What do you want? Do you want a piece of fat? " So he picked up a pork knife and cut a piece of pork for his aunt. When my aunt saw him like this, she thought the pork boss was playing him, so she forgot where she was and shouted angrily, "Hey! I said I want a piece of lean meat! " It doesn't matter if she shouts like this. When she shouted, everyone else panicked. Everyone was curious and looked at them straight as if they were looking at something rare. Make the pork boss and aunt blush. From this point of view, how important Mandarin is! Only by popularizing Putonghua can we eliminate the language barriers between regions and ethnic groups, promote communication and exchanges between regions and ethnic groups, and connect all ethnic groups, and there will be hope for a big leap forward in happiness.
Once, I played a lot of jokes like a pork boss and aunt. I remember when I first came to Zhongshan, my Mandarin was half a bucket of water, so I couldn't make it clear. In class, the teacher told me to stand up and recite the ancient poem "Thinking of a Quiet Night". When I recite "Is there frost already?" There was a burst of laughter in the classroom, "Ha ha ha", and everyone laughed their heads off. It turns out that my back is like frost. At that time, I blushed like a ripe red apple and wanted to find a hole to drill down. From then on, I vowed to learn Mandarin well. Elegant characters inherit civilization and classics infiltrate life. Carrying forward Chinese excellent traditional culture and building the spiritual home of the Chinese nation cannot be separated from Putonghua.
When I was in primary school, once we went hiking by the sea, my mother didn't cook a light meal and gave me ten yuan to buy lunch. It seems that after a long walk, I finally got to the seaside. Everyone sat down to eat. There are no shops on the desolate seaside. I went outside the windbreak alone, and the teacher asked everyone to give me some leftovers. Two or three boys left some for me, and a girl's rice was mixed with soy sauce, which was delicious. When I finished eating, she looked at me with short hair and a round face.
Her name is Weng Xiangyu.
Every day after school, she takes a younger boy, maybe a younger brother, through our house. The path is a crystal clear stream with bamboo shadows on both sides. I always follow her at a distance. Summer afternoons are particularly hot. On the way, she would stop, dip her handkerchief in the stream and wipe the boy's face. I also stopped behind, wet my dirty handkerchief, wiped my face, and followed her all the way home.
Later, our family moved to the town, and in a few years, I also went to middle school. One day when I came home from school, on the train, I saw a girl with short hair and round face diagonally opposite, wearing a simple white and black dress. I don't think she knows me. The train arrived at the station soon, and I followed the crowd to the door. She also came over and called my name. This is the first time she has spoken to me.
She smiled and walked across the platform with me. I have never seen her since.
This article is included in my book The Mind and Wisdom of Teenagers.
Half a year after the book was published, one day I suddenly received a letter from the publishing house. The handwriting on the envelope is strange, but my real name is clearly written.
The letter said that she was excited to see this article. I didn't expect to leave my hometown and wander in a different place for so long, but I can still see her in a person's memory. She also deeply remembers every scene, but she didn't expect that there was another person who deeply remembered it through distant time and space.