Discipline training includes ethics and rule of law, Chinese, history, geography, mathematics, foreign languages (English, Japanese, Russian), physics, chemistry and biology, and is managed by discipline.
Discipline category is the classification of related disciplines, and it is the discipline category that awards degrees. China is divided into philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, military science, management, art, interdisciplinary 14 disciplines. In official website, the Ministry of Education issued a notice to further clarify the scope of off-campus training in compulsory education.
According to the provisions of the national compulsory education curriculum, the off-campus training of the learning content stipulated in the national curriculum standards of the above-mentioned disciplines is included in the discipline category for management.
When carrying out off-campus training, sports (or sports and health), art (or music and art) and comprehensive practical activities (including information technology education and labor technology education) are managed according to non-disciplinary categories.
Teachers' professional training includes: teaching methods, subject knowledge and curriculum design.
1, teaching methods
Teachers need to constantly explore and learn new teaching methods to improve teaching quality. Some important teaching methods, such as cooperative learning, flipping the classroom and personalized teaching, can enable students to obtain better learning results through active participation, independent learning and self-evaluation.
2. Subject knowledge
Teachers need to master the knowledge of the subjects they teach in order to provide students with correct knowledge guidance. Especially for teachers who teach science, engineering and social sciences, they need to know and master the advanced information in the fields of science, technology and social development.
3. Curriculum design
Teachers need to constantly revise and update the curriculum design according to the discipline practice and students' needs. A good curriculum design should have clear objectives and operable steps to meet students' learning needs.
Teachers' professional orientation:
1, role properties
The role of teachers is not only to impart some textbook knowledge to students, but also to adopt specific teaching methods in a specific environment and promote students' growth through specific channels according to their development reality and educational goals and requirements. The role of a teacher is a complicated professional role. It takes a complicated and long-term learning process for a person to grow into this role.
2. Roles and tasks
If we think that teachers are only knowledge transmitters, then the task of teachers' professional role is to transmit knowledge to students. If teachers are regarded as the role of treating students as a complete person and promoting their growth in an all-round way, then the task of teachers is to guide, help and promote their growth.
3. Teacher-student identity
The role of teachers is mainly determined by the relationship between teachers and students. In educational activities, the role relationship between teachers and students is the relationship between who is the subject and who is the object. In this regard, there are roughly three views:
First, teachers are the subject and students are the object. This view means that teachers are in an absolute dominant position in educational activities and students are in an absolute dominant position. This view is called "teacher-centered theory".
Second: students are the main body, and teachers completely obey the requirements of students. This view means that teachers are in an absolute dominant position in educational activities. This view is "student-centered".
Third, teachers and students are subjects and objects of each other.