20 17 graduation thesis on railway transportation safety management 1
Discussion on Railway Transportation Safety
Railway transportation is the main mode of transportation adopted in China at present. Therefore, its transportation safety not only affects personal economic interests, but also plays an important role in social and economic development. Therefore, we should take practical measures to improve the safety of railway transportation in China. Based on the influencing factors of railway transportation safety, this paper puts forward the problems existing in railway transportation safety in China at present, and finally puts forward the corresponding solutions.
Keywords: railway transportation safety
Safety is the lifeline of railway transportation and the eternal theme of transportation production. Safety work involves all aspects of railway transportation, the harmony and stability of railway enterprises and the vital interests of every employee. It is not only an economic issue, but also a social issue, and it may also rise to a political issue, which should not be underestimated at all.
First, the factors affecting the safety of railway transportation
Railway transportation is an industry influenced by both internal and external factors of railway. However, the influencing factors are analyzed from two main parts of the railway.
First, the personal reasons of railway workers affect the safety of railway transportation. The personal fault of railway transport practitioners is the main factor affecting the safety of railway transport. At present, from the comprehensive situation of railway transportation, the personal reasons of employees have a great influence on the safety of railway transportation. Railway managers are lax in the management of railway transportation, do not pay attention to some details in the transportation process, and do not manage railway transportation in accordance with relevant regulations, which has a negative impact on the implementation rules of all personnel in transportation. ..
Second, the outdated or updated railway transportation equipment affects the safety of railway transportation. Railway construction and train design are complex and long-term projects. Similarly, they are generally used for a long time. However, after a long period of use, these transportation equipment are not maintained in time, which will inevitably get out of control and cause safety problems. In addition, with the development of science and technology, many new types of railway transportation equipment appear constantly, but in the face of this situation, there is often a lack of qualified personnel with high skills, and the original use and maintenance norms can not be applied to new types of railway transportation equipment, resulting in a lack of professional management personnel, which will lead to the problems in the railway can not be solved perfectly, thus affecting the safety of railway transportation.
Thirdly, the external factors related to railway transportation affect the safety of railway transportation. The above two factors are analyzed from the perspective of railway interior. External factors mainly include the natural environment and external environment of railway transportation. The natural environment mainly refers to the weather problems encountered in the process of railway transportation, and the hidden factor is that the natural environment leads to the failure of railway tracks, which in turn leads to the lack of safety guarantee in railway transportation. Social environment is the investment capital and technical reason when investing in railway and train construction, which fundamentally affects the safety of railway transportation. In addition, it also includes the overhaul and maintenance of railways and trains in use. This kind of influence factor is the external factor that affects railway transportation, and it is also discussed from an objective point of view.
Second, the current problems in China's railway transportation safety
Since the 20th century, with the construction of a large number of railways in China, many large-scale railway safety accidents have occurred, and railway passenger transport is no exception. Moreover, from the survey data of railway transportation safety in China, it can be found that the guarantee of railway transportation safety in China is still very weak, and there are many hidden dangers that affect transportation safety.
First, the awareness of railway transportation safety has faded. Not only railways, but also many modes of transportation have the problem of weakening safety awareness. In people's cognition, it is believed that the railway construction technology is advanced, the equipment is the latest, and there is no potential safety hazard. Therefore, people do not have excessive safety awareness in their minds and hearts during driving and transportation. Moreover, the protective measures taken will be simplified, or even there is no safety protection measures at all. The most serious thing is that some railway workers do not pay attention to safety education. After a long period of development, this phenomenon will lead to a real safety problem in railway transportation, and I don't know how to take effective measures to protect myself.
Second, the safety problems such as railway transportation accidents are not handled in time. This phenomenon is often seen in modern society. I didn't realize the importance of safety until the danger really appeared, and then sent a large number of people to investigate the accident, which temporarily attracted attention. Moreover, the handling of safety problems will be delayed with the occurrence of accidents, and the punishment for the aftermath-related personnel will not be in place, so that the safety issues will be relaxed in the future. Therefore, the untimely and long-term development of railway transportation accidents will make some employees paralyzed by safety problems, and even if accidents occur, they will be careless, leading to the lag of safety guarantee.
Third, railway transportation lacks scientific management methods. In railway transportation, the management mode with single form and simple operation is often adopted, but with the development of railway transportation, this traditional management mode is no longer applicable. Due to the traditional management methods, the information transmission of modern railway transportation management lags behind, and there is no assessment standard for management objectives, so it is impossible to effectively implement the management system.
Fourthly, there is a lack of relevant reward and punishment system for railway transportation safety. Fundamentally speaking, any problem should be solved from the perspective of people. However, at present, China's railways lack strict compulsory system, which leads to lax personnel. In particular, the punishment for the relevant accident handlers is not in place, which makes these people quickly forget their punishment and do not fully realize the potential safety problems.
Third, the countermeasures to solve the problem of railway transportation safety
Facing all kinds of problems in railway transportation, we should take active measures to solve them. The following are some countermeasures to solve related problems.
First, improve the safety concept of railway transportation safety. Although institutional laws have a certain coercive effect on people's behavior, in order to fundamentally solve the safety problem of railway transportation, we must start from the perspective of people, that is, improve people's concept of railway transportation safety. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, people can be given appropriate safety guidance first, so that railway practitioners can realize the importance of safety, especially for passengers, safety awareness should be strengthened, and it should be unified with moral behavior and retrograde, which will play the most basic role in ensuring the safety of railway transportation. Secondly, formulate and implement relevant laws to educate people about safety by compulsory means, but at the same time, it does not advocate ignoring the role of emotions, so it is necessary to incorporate emotions into the law. Law? The essential characteristics of emotion should be integrated into safety education, so that the atmosphere of the group can be integrated with each other.
The second is to implement the railway transportation safety management mechanism. Under the guidance of safety system, advanced management methods are needed to fully integrate safety issues into management methods, which not only makes railway transport practitioners and passengers aware of safety protection, but also can deal with and solve unexpected problems in the transport process in time and provide more protection for people's lives and property safety. The implementation of safety management mechanism is to reform and innovate the traditional management mode, break the old management concept, guide railway personnel to actively integrate into railway safety guarantee, and at the same time establish an all-round information transmission mode, so that the problems in railway transportation can be transmitted to the upper management personnel in time and accurately, so as to formulate solutions.
Thirdly, it is the key to ensure the safety of transportation production to strengthen the safety education of employees and improve the safety cultural quality of employees in the whole station. Only when employees' safety awareness rises from an instinctive reaction to a subjective understanding of the objective laws of transportation production, preventing and putting an end to the occurrence of safety accidents, and subjectively recognizing the importance of safety, can we truly grasp the safety of transportation production, so safety education is an essential part. Through publicity, education and training, we will try our best to change the traditional and irregular thinking concept of employees, completely dispel their fluky psychology about safety accidents, improve their safety culture quality and ensure the safety of railway transportation.
Fourth, pay attention to the relevant information of the accident. The single work of the railway is interrelated, so the information about previous accidents can provide information for avoiding related safety problems in the future. The relevant data of the accident will also provide a basis for the improvement of accident handling technology, and the responsibility of the accident can be allocated to the direct personnel of the accident. At the same time, the analysis of the accident causes can guide the management of railway transportation improvement, make the accident causes more accurate and objective, and reduce the occurrence of similar problems.
label
Safety work has only a starting point and no end point, and safety work will never have full marks. In the fierce competition in the transportation industry, efficiency and speed are not enough. Only by improving the safety service of railway transportation on this basis can the rapid development of railway transportation be guaranteed.
20 17 railway transportation safety management graduation thesis 2
Analysis of Railway Transportation Safety Management Mechanism
Guide: Railway transportation has always been called? Iron boss? From this title, it is not difficult to see its core position and key role in China's economic situation, social form and traffic development. Today, with the rapid development of national economy, railway, as the most important link in China's transportation system, still has a far-reaching and significant impact on China's national economic construction and transportation system. Therefore, we must ensure the safety of railway transportation from the great role of railway itself and its technical characteristics. Therefore, this paper will discuss the establishment of internal and external mechanism of railway transportation management from the characteristics of railway transportation safety and the problems existing in safety management.
With the continuous development of China's national economy, the continuous improvement of people's living standards, economic development and exchange, and the increase of personnel mobility, the dependence on railway transportation is increasing. The important role of railway transportation in national economy and transportation system also highlights the importance of railway transportation safety. The safety management of railway transportation has its unique characteristics.
First, the characteristics of railway transportation safety management
Railway transportation safety management is a comprehensive concept, including both internal safety and external safety. The internal safety of railway transportation specifically refers to the transportation organization, safety management, coordination and linkage between train service, maintenance, public works, electricity, vehicles and information departments. Among them, the most critical is the safety management of transportation, maintenance, electricity and vehicles, including the transportation organization and leadership of vehicle maintenance, maintenance and repair. Secondly, the external security of railway transportation involves the public security environment along the railway, the coordination of railway construction and operation with local governments and the masses. Internal management needs a very strict system and unified industry norms, and external safety management needs to coordinate the cooperation and collaboration between various departments. Therefore, railway transportation safety management is a strict and multi-link management, and its main characteristics are complexity, strictness and linkage.
Second, the status quo and problems of railway transportation safety management
Since the emergence of railways, railway safety management problems have been accompanied. With the development of economic construction, the traditional railway management system is constantly changing, and the new problems, new attributes and new situations of railway safety management are also constantly extending.
1, railway laws and regulations need to be improved.
The Railway Law is a set of basic laws and regulations to ensure railway transportation and railway construction. The promulgation of other safety management laws and regulations has played a very important role in ensuring railway transportation and railway construction to a certain extent and for a certain period of time. However, with the development of railway transportation and the introduction of new technologies such as high-speed rail, as well as the deepening of railway institutional reform, new forms have emerged in railway transportation and railway construction, and of course new problems have emerged. Some original railway laws and regulations have not adapted to the safety of modern railway transportation. Although the relevant departments have been constantly revising and improving, the revised content is far behind the changes in the situation. When new safety management problems appear in railway transportation, the defects and even gaps of laws, regulations and related rules and regulations will be highlighted.
In addition, even if some rules do exist, due to the lack of uniform standards and simple writing, they are often too cumbersome and difficult to operate in concrete implementation. The contradiction between the lack of relative independence and coordination of safety management of various systems and departments and the large linkage of railway transportation is constantly emerging. It is necessary to continuously improve the linkage mechanism and plan between various systems and departments to prevent loopholes in management joints, which is also the shortcoming of railway safety management at present.
2. The quality of railway safety management personnel is uneven.
Relevant regulations and systems on railway safety must be implemented in specific departments and personnel. However, judging from the current situation of railway managers in China, although the management department is relatively sound and the management personnel are relatively complete, it seems that the management effect is obvious, but there are also some hidden dangers. ? The problem lies in the scene, the reason lies in management, and the root lies in cadres? At present, there are more comprehensive managers among managers, which leads to the lack of professional and technical cadres who know both business and management, resulting in business management cadres often holding several positions, which is not conducive to safety professional management and system management. With the continuous application of new technology and equipment, the management forms and methods of comprehensive managers who have no actual railway field experience mostly come from management theory or some experience, and the field management is even more insufficient, which leads to the relative lag of professional and standardized management of railway safety managers.
Third, the railway transportation safety management mechanism
Establishing and perfecting internal management mechanism and external coordination mechanism is an important way to implement railway transportation safety. Internal management mechanism is the main contradiction, and external coordination mechanism is the secondary contradiction.
1. Implement the internal mechanism of railway transportation safety management.
1. 1 Strengthen the management concept of safety first.
Whether in railway transportation production organization or railway construction, we should constantly strengthen the management concept of safety first. Human factors are the most important factors affecting traffic safety, and human safety thoughts and consciousness are the basis of safety behavior. While strengthening the training of on-site operators, it is also necessary to regularly educate and train railway safety management personnel on safety management knowledge and business skills, so as to cultivate them in the establishment of? Safety first? At the same time, have the business skills of safety management. Everything starts from safety, and everything is for safety.
In fact, more than 90% of railway safety accidents at home and abroad are due to the weak sense of safety responsibility of operators and managers, the weak sense of safety, the failure to implement operating standards and safety measures, and the unstable safety situation.
1.2 Strictly implement the safety management system.
In railway transportation production organization and railway construction, there are many railway safety operation mechanisms and systems to learn from, and there are also many foreign industry standards to learn from. These systems deserve in-depth study and reflection by managers. Of course, railway construction and railway transportation are also developing and progressing. While implementing and perfecting the original rules and regulations, managers should constantly innovate management systems and mechanisms and introduce new management rules according to specific forms and development requirements.
At the same time, for safety management, strict safety management system should be implemented, and the system of safety management system responsibility system, professional responsibility system, clear division of labor and clear responsibility should be established step by step, so that meritorious deeds will be rewarded and mistakes will be corrected.
1.3 Strengthen the education and training of managers.
From a philosophical point of view, the difference between humans and animals lies in subjective initiative and creativity. In the implementation of railway safety management, as managers, no matter how to create innovative safety management methods, people should constantly improve their knowledge and understanding of safety management. Railway departments should also strive to strengthen the education and training of managers, introduce new educational concepts according to the application of new forms and new technologies, cultivate new safety management rules and management awareness of managers, improve their safety handling ability, and standardize and normalize the safety management of managers through training.
1.4 constantly update and improve the railway safety transportation technology.
Railway safety transportation technology should be constantly updated and improved, and the role of new technologies and new equipment in controlling safety risks should be given full play. After new technologies and equipment are put into use, they should be scientifically and reasonably maintained. Strive to improve the effectiveness of the equipment and keep it in good condition. At the same time, increase investment and improve equipment functions.
2. Strengthen the external coordination mechanism of railway transportation safety management.
The safety management mechanism of railway transportation also includes external coordination mechanism, because railway safety transportation involves the public security environment along the railway, and the coordination of railway construction and operation with local governments and the masses. This requires the railway departments to coordinate the cooperation and exchanges with these departments and create a safe, effective and harmonious external environment for railway transportation production.
Concluding remarks
In a word, railway transportation safety management is a complex system engineering. In the process of strengthening railway safety management, we should improve and strengthen the internal linkage mechanism of railway safety transportation and coordinate the external mechanism according to the characteristics of railway safety such as complexity and linkage, and according to the problems and shortcomings existing in current railway transportation safety management. Only the combination of internal and external can ensure the safety of railway transportation and transportation to the maximum extent.
refer to
[1] gu hongxi, railway safety management and safety engineering/safety culture [J], China safety science journal, 1995(04).
[2] Yan Qinhai, Zheng Guohua. Discussion on safety management mechanism of railway transportation [J]. Railway Transportation and Economy, 2003(07).
[3] Jiang Yunhua, Dong Youming, Railway Safety Management Must Strengthen Process Control [J], Railway Transport and Economy, 2005,05.
[4] Li Rui, She Lian, Problems and Countermeasures of Railway Transport Safety Management in China [J], Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Information and Management Engineering Edition), 2003,05.
[6] Zhuo Yu, Study on Safety Evaluation of Road Transport Enterprises [D], Chang 'an University, 2004.
[7] Yu Zhiyang, China Railway Safety Management Model Research [J], Safety Technology, 03, 2004.
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