First of all, feed
Adult musk deer eat 1000- 1500g green roughage and 100- 150g concentrate every day and night. Under the condition of artificial feeding, feed can be roughly divided into animal feed, plant feed and mineral feed.
1, plant feed
Divided into concentrated feed and green feed. Concentrated feed mainly includes soybean, corn, mung bean and wheat bran. Green roughage includes green juicy feed and roughage, and green feed includes grass, wild vegetables, branches, leaves, lichens, mosses, carrots, radishes, Chinese cabbage, beets and potatoes. Coarse feed includes hay, dried leaves, dried vegetables and crop straws.
2. Animal feed
Mainly milk, goat milk, eggs, milk powder, fish powder, blood powder and so on.
3. Mineral feed
Mainly salt, shell powder, bone powder, eggshell powder and so on. Trace elements should be made into new additives and evenly mixed in feed.
Second, the feeding method
Male and female musk deer need different nutrition. Generally speaking, both male and female musk deer are in the stage of growth and development, the mating period and fragrance secretion period of male musk deer; Female musk deer need feed with comprehensive nutrition and high protein content during pregnancy and lactation. Therefore, during the feeding period, it is necessary to adjust in time and reasonably match the feed.
Feeding should be strictly timed, quantitative and fixed times, and it is advisable to eat at one time without leaving any leftovers. Generally, it should be given in three times: morning, noon and evening, with a diet of 30% in the morning, 20% at noon and 50% at night. Feed should be coarse first and then fine, and the type and quality of feed should be relatively stable. When changing feed types, we should change from a small amount to a large amount and gradually adapt. Changing feed suddenly can cause indigestion, even diarrhea and loss of appetite. Provide enough clean drinking water, and change it every day in summer 1 time. Drinking fountains should always be kept clean and hygienic to prevent fecal pollution.
Third, feeding management.
Musk deer should be kept in captivity, avoiding bullying the small and chasing each other. Mulberry trees, apricot trees and Juglans mandshurica should be planted around the musk deer farm and in the shed where musk deer eat leaves to avoid direct sunlight. The circle should be kept dry and ventilated, with fresh air, warm in winter and cool in summer, quiet and without harmful sources. Houses and sports fields should be disinfected regularly 2-3 times a year, and the sink must be scrubbed every day. Musk deer should have a certain sports ground, so as to have sufficient exercise, promote metabolism and enhance physical fitness. Male musk deer should exercise properly to enhance their physique and vitality, so as to improve the fertilization rate; Proper exercise of pregnant musk deer can ensure the normal development of fetus and reduce dystocia. When the breeder approaches the musk deer, he should be gentle and close to avoid simple and rude actions.
1, male musk deer
1 Before mating, male musk deer should increase the ratio of protein feed to carotene-rich feed, so as to ensure adequate exercise and make it robust and vigorous. After the end of the breeding period, in order to ensure the rapid recovery of male musk deer, the feed in the breeding period should not be changed immediately, and it should be transferred to the feed in the non-breeding period after the physical condition is restored.
2. Female musk deer
Female musk deer of school age and good health should be bred in time during the breeding period to prevent missing breeding, empty pregnancy or delayed pregnancy, make breeding records and do a good job in postpartum care. After pregnancy, the female musk deer must be isolated from the male musk deer, and the environment must be quiet to prevent interference and abortion by the male musk deer. Female musk deer should be fed concentrated feed, protein feed and vitamin-rich feed during pregnancy to ensure the nutritional needs of fetal development. 65438+ 0-2 days before labor, reduce concentrate and add juicy feed.
Before labor, it is necessary to feed 1-2 days in advance according to the symptoms of labor and the expected date of delivery. After delivery, if the female musk deer has poor maternal instinct and insufficient milk, other female musk deer with good maternal instinct and similar calving period can be used to replace milk or artificially breastfeed with goat milk. The concentrate during lactation should be increased to about 150g/ day, and high-quality green and juicy feed should be supplied.
3. Young musk deer
Young musk deer began to eat grass 15 days after birth, and the forage supplied at this time must be fresh and tender. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the nursing of young musk deer, pay close attention to the feeding situation and mental state, check the feces frequently, and make timely diagnosis and treatment if any abnormality is found. After breastfeeding for 4 months, the young musk deer can be weaned and fed in groups. Sick people are fed alone.
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