Qin (1208- 126 1 year), the word ancient, Han nationality. He studied astrology, rhythm, arithmetic, poetry, bows and arrows, and architecture, and completed the book Shu Jiu Zhang in 1247. Among them, the solution technology of congruence equations (now called China residue theorem), the quadrature method of triclinic method and Qin algorithm (numerical solution of positive roots of a higher order equation) are important contributions of world significance. Because of his outstanding contribution to mathematics, Qin was called the "great mathematician" in history.

Qin

2. Zu Chongzhi and Zuxuan

Zu Chongzhi (429-500) was born in Wen Yuan. Born in Qixian County, Fanyang County (now Laishui County, Hebei Province), he was an outstanding mathematician and astronomer in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. On the basis of Liu Hui's annotation in Nine Chapters of Arithmetic, they greatly promoted traditional mathematics and became a model of attaching importance to mathematical thinking and reasoning. They also made outstanding contributions to astronomy. Their book seal script has been lost. According to historical records, they have made three great achievements in mathematics: (1) Calculate pi to the sixth place after the decimal point and get 3. 14 15926.

Chungchi Tsu

3. Mei Wending

Mei Wending: A mathematician who was proficient in Chinese and foreign mathematics in the Qing Dynasty, he firmly believed that China's traditional mathematics was "essential", made an in-depth study of ancient classics, and at the same time correctly treated western mathematics, which made it take root in China and had a positive impact on the climax of mathematical research in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.

Mei Wending

4. Zhang Shuang and Liu Hui

During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, China's mathematics developed greatly in theory. Among them, the work of Zhao Shuang and Liu Hui is regarded as the beginning of China's ancient mathematical theory system. Zhao Shuang was one of the earliest mathematicians who proved mathematical theorems and formulas in ancient China, and made detailed comments on Zhou Kuai Shu Jing. The Nine Chapters Arithmetic annotated by Liu Hui not only explains and deduces the methods, formulas and theorems of the original book as a whole, but also makes many innovations in the process of discussion, and even writes the island calculation method, which uses gravity difference technology to solve the problems related to measurement. One of Liu Hui's important tasks is to create secant, which lays a theoretical foundation for the study of pi and provides a scientific algorithm.

5. Zhang Heng

The Book of the Later Han Dynasty mentioned that Zhang Heng wrote a book "On Calculation Failure". This book was lost in the late Tang Dynasty, so that Li Xian, the prince of Zhang Huai in the Tang Dynasty, suspected that Zhang Heng had never written this book, but Lingxian was called Lingxian because it was an online world. According to Liu Hui's annotation on the 24th question of Nine Chapters Arithmetic, there is a so-called "Zhang Hengsuan". So we should be sure that Zhang Heng wrote a math book. As can be seen from Liu Hui's note, Zhang Heng named the cube mass and sphere Hun. He studied the circumscribed cubic volume and inscribed cubic volume of the ball, and studied the volume of the ball, in which the value of pi was determined as the root of 10, which was rough, but it was the first theory that China got the value of pi. In addition, according to Qian Baoyu's collation of Lingxian County: "The diameter of (the sun and the moon) is one third of that of the day and one third of that of the earth", then the π value at that time is equal to 730/232=3. 1466, which is more accurate than the square root of 10. However, it seems that Qian Baozhen's collations may not all conform to Zhang Heng's original figures.

Zhang heng

6. Li Zhi

Formerly known as Li Zhi, Renqing and Jingzhai, he was born in Luancheng (now Luancheng District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province). Mathematicians and poets in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. At the end of Jin Zhengda, he became a scholar and discovered Zhou Jun. After Kim's death, he lived in a small village in the north and often sang with Yuan Haowen, who was called "Ethan". In the evening, Longshan (now Yuanshi County, Hebei Province) was closed to give lectures in seclusion. From Yuan Shizu to the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, he was called by the academician, took office for several months, and resigned because of an old illness. Can poetry, there are "Jing Zhai Ji", and today there are 40 volumes of textual research works "Jing Zhai Gu Jin". In addition, there are Round Sea Mirror 12 (1248), Yi Gu Yan Duan 3 (1259), Pan Shuo 40 and Bi Shu Cong Jian 12. Ye Li's main contribution to mathematics is astrophysics (the method of setting unknown parallel equations), which is used to study the properties of inscribed circle and circumscribed circle of right triangle.

Li Zhi Kaiyuan Book

7. Jia Xian

People in the Northern Song Dynasty completed the Nine Chapters of Yellow Emperor's Fine Grass in about 1050. The original book was lost, but the main contents were copied by Yang Hui's works (about13rd century), which can be handed down from generation to generation. Yang Hui's Detailed Explanation of Nine Chapters' Algorithms (126 1) has a diagram of "the origin of alchemy", which shows that "Jia Xian used this technique". This is the famous "Jiaxian Triangle", or "Yang Hui Triangle". Jia Xian's "Method of Increasing, Multiplying and Opening" for higher-order square roots is also recorded in "Detailed Explanation of Algorithms in Chapter Nine".

Yang Hui Triangle-Binomial Array

8. Zhang Qiujian

Qinghe (now Qinghe County, Xingtai City) was a famous mathematician in the 5th century. He was smart and studious since childhood, and he loved arithmetic. I have been engaged in mathematical research all my life and achieved remarkable results. "Hundred chickens problem" is a typical problem about indefinite equation integers in the Middle Ages, and Yank has unique views on it. He is the author of Zhang Qiujian suan Jing in three volumes. Later scholars, Zhen Luan of the Northern Zhou Dynasty and Li of the Tang Dynasty, successively annotated the book. Wei Liu's calculation classics are well written. The classic style of calculation is question and answer, rigorous organization and quaint words. It is a masterpiece in the history of ancient mathematics in China, and also a legacy in the world mathematical database.