With the rapid development of information technology, the network has become an important way for people to reflect their needs, express their opinions and seek similarities because of its openness, interactivity and virtuality. Public security organs, as the most extensive law enforcement departments in contact with the masses, are always under the "microscope" of the media and the "spotlight" of the network, and public opinion related to the police has become one of the most concerned fields in society. Under the new situation, how to strengthen the collection and judgment of police-related public opinion and firmly grasp the initiative of public opinion guidance is of great significance for improving the ability of public security organs to cope with and resolve public opinion crisis and maintaining the good image of public security organs and people's police.
First, the current characteristics of police-related public opinion
1.？
Face to face communication is very fast. Since the arrival of the media era, the spread of public opinion has changed from "point to face" to "face to face". Public opinion communication is supported by many information chains, and there is no clear path and center, which is often manifested as "second kill" speed, which is difficult to control and control. If once the police-related information is sent by the media, it will spread quickly and widely, and the audience will expand instantly. It can be seen that public opinion, especially police-related public opinion, spreads very fast and needs to be highly valued by public security organs.
2.
"Point-to-point" docking has a wide range. New media is based on information exchange among participants, and has the characteristics of hyperlink, strong interaction and mobility. In the interaction, the publishers, disseminators and participants of police-related public opinion are all "nodes" in the whole process. They can publish, spread and receive information from each other, and realize "point-to-point" docking in a short time without "checking" and "auditing". Therefore, the right of participants to express their opinions is "enlarged" so that the coverage is beyond imagination. Even simple police-related public opinion will be infinitely amplified by the communication interaction of forums, post bars, Weibo and other media, and will be widely spread in a short time, thus causing negative effects of online public opinion.
3.
The discussion of "piece by piece" had a great response. Public security work has the characteristics of universality, mass and particularity. In addition, in the specific social environment where the game between public rights and private rights is becoming more and more fierce, the public pays close attention to public security work and people's police. Police-related public opinion has become the focus of news media, especially online media, and also the object of excavating news resources. Once the police-related information is captured by the media, especially the negative information such as unfair law enforcement, violation of law and discipline, it will be widely disseminated by new media such as internet, forums and post bars, and the print media such as newspapers and magazines will continue to follow up and release news, thus making a police-related public opinion spread by various media positions, forming the effect of "piece by piece" discussion, causing great concern and extensive discussion in the whole society, causing strong social repercussions and passivity to public security work.
4.
The hype of "net net" has far-reaching influence. The virtuality of the network and the freedom of speech have helped to enhance the individual's sense of "no responsibility" to some extent. Some websites have published one-sided comments in order to blindly pursue sensational effects; Some websites even use police-related information for malicious speculation, which leads to public opinion that is not conducive to the public security organs on the Internet, which in turn leads to a crisis in the relationship between the police and the people and seriously affects the public security organs' law enforcement credibility. At the same time, police-related public opinion has also changed from online to offline, and some public opinions have directly turned into conflicts between police and people in reality. It can be seen that the influence of police-related public opinion "online and offline" hype can be described as deep.
Second, the problems existing in the guidance and control of police-related public opinion
1.？
There is a rigid understanding. In their work, some policemen are not sensitive to police-related public opinion, often confined to traditional concepts and thinking, and lack sufficient attention to the role and influence of public opinion. They unilaterally believe that the main business of public security organs is to crack down on crime and prevent and control public order. Just posting and responding several times on the Internet has little influence. Therefore, the work is often characterized by slow response, neglect of guidance, and ultimately loss of initiative, delaying the best opportunity to deal with public opinion, leading to the rapid spread of police-related public opinion and bringing passivity to the next disposal work.
2.
Always a "mechanical" reaction. For police-related public opinion, some police officers and departments are too simple to deal with it, and their handling ability is not strong. For the news released by the media such as the Internet, the passive way of "covering up and covering up" has been adopted instead of timely taking targeted measures to guide it, which has intensified the public's suspicion to some extent and even pushed the public to the opposite side. At the same time, in dealing with the relationship with the news media, we have always maintained a "stay at a respectful distance" attitude, and the phenomenon of avoiding or refusing media interviews is widespread. However, after the police-related public opinion happened, the relevant information media could not verify it, and only listened to the statements of the parties and victims, resulting in incomplete, objective and untrue news reports. In the end, the original simple events become not simple, and the easy problems become not easy.
3.
There is a "blind" explanation. After the police-related public opinion occurred, some public security organs did not analyze and evaluate the situation and did not accurately grasp the psychology of the masses. But because of the crisis of public opinion, they blindly release some official information to the news media, often causing comments and accusations from netizens because of false and improper words and deeds, and failing to make good use of the guidance and disposal of police-related public opinion. However, some public security organs are more extremely tough in guiding public opinion. Instead of considering the problem from the standpoint of the masses, they once accused the media of many irregularities, which led to the "overlapping and upgrading" of police-related public opinion, and the criticism of the news media intensified, further aggravating the crisis of police-related public opinion.
4.
Collaborative "intestinal obstruction" is serious. The guidance and disposal of police-related public opinion involves many police types and departments, and the cooperation between police types is very important. At present, as far as grass-roots public security organs are concerned, there is still a lack of a complete cooperation mechanism in guiding and handling public opinion, and the division of tasks between grass-roots teams and functional departments of organs is not clear enough. In particular, the rapid linkage between the propaganda department and some grass-roots law enforcement units is still a "short board", and the phenomenon of "one-man show" and "fragmented" is very common, and the overall ability and level of handling police-related grievances needs to be further improved. In addition, there are still problems in communication and cooperation between grass-roots public security organs and news media such as TV stations, newspapers and websites, and a three-dimensional publicity pattern has not yet been formed.
Third, the countermeasures of public security organs to deal with police-related public opinion
1.？
It is necessary to change ideas and improve ideological understanding. First, we should understand public opinion from a stable height. The duties and tasks of public security organs are to ensure the overall social stability and people's livelihood. The occurrence of police-related public opinion expresses the demands and wishes of the media and the public. If the public security organs do not guide and control properly, it will lead to malicious speculation by the internet and other media, forming a crisis of police-related public opinion, and some even have conflicts between the police and the people, which will affect the overall stability of society. Public security organs should understand police-related public opinions from a stable and political height, always keep a clear head, and do a solid job in maintaining stability such as propaganda and guidance, and emergency response. Second, we must grasp the public opinion from the height of the police situation. It is necessary to firmly establish the consciousness that "public opinion is the police situation" and remain highly sensitive to police-related public opinion. After the occurrence of public opinion, it is necessary to immediately organize the police of the political work propaganda department to respond quickly, take the initiative to deal with it, and properly dispose of it to prevent public opinion from being "fermented" on a large scale, resulting in passive public security work. Third, we should look at public opinion from the height of image. Police-related public opinion affects the overall stability of society, and is more related to the image of public security organs and people's police. In the guidance of public opinion, it is necessary to strengthen the consciousness that "public opinion is image", strengthen the positive publicity of public security work through communication and cooperation with relevant media, continuously convey "positive energy", establish a good image of public security organs being close to the people, serving the people and loving the people, and continuously improve the satisfaction of the masses with public security work.
2.
We must take the initiative and make further efforts to deal with public opinion. First, release authoritative information in time. In the event of police-related public opinion, it is necessary to organize publicity and other relevant departments to release authoritative information in the media at the first time, announce the truth of the incident, guide public opinion, firmly grasp the initiative of police-related public opinion discourse, and prevent public opinion from misleading and negative speculation. At the same time, the public security organs at or above the municipal level also informed the society of the incident in a timely manner through the press conference, which won the understanding and trust of the media and the masses and eliminated certain social influences. The second is to actively use the network platform. At present, the public security convenience service online and the public security Weibo opened by the public security organs in the province are important platforms for responding to and guiding media public opinion. We can fully control the concerns of netizens and the public by setting topics in the platform. That is to say, through online convenience service and topic planning of Weibo managers, the attention of society and netizens will be shifted to a specific direction as far as possible, and the attention of netizens will be diverted and dispersed to a certain extent, so as to achieve the purpose of guiding public opinion. The third is to give full play to the role of "public opinion leaders". Mass communication believes that information communication can only reach the general audience through the intermediate link of "public opinion leader". We can make full use of this theory, arrange the police in charge of network management to publish original posts in hot websites, forums and post bars continuously, so as to form extensive attention and discussion among netizens and establish certain network authority. After the occurrence of public opinion, our "public opinion leader" police can objectively and fairly express their views, comment on problems, explain the truth, and eliminate netizens' doubts about public security organs, so as to achieve a certain degree of cognition and get twice the result with half the effort.
3.
It is necessary to expand publicity and strengthen positive guidance. The first is to publicize advanced deeds. It is necessary to publicize the advanced deeds of the public security police in maintaining stability, cracking down on crime, serving the masses, rescuing and providing disaster relief through the media, fully demonstrate the spirit of selfless dedication, loving the people and benefiting the people, and being brave and fearless, and win the trust and support of the public security police. Yang Jun, the most beautiful firefighter, and Xu Zhongjie, a good policeman in Mount Juewei, and other advanced deeds were reported by CCTV, People's Daily, Shanxi Daily and other central and provincial mainstream media, which achieved good publicity and social effects. The second is to focus on publicity in combination with work. It is necessary to publicize the established priorities of public security work, such as people's livelihood policing, community policing, and grassroots foundation. Publicity to the society and the masses, so that the public can understand and know the key tasks and main measures of the public security organs, which has aroused widespread concern in society. Recently, the People's Public Security Daily, Shanxi Daily and other mainstream media publicized the work of people's livelihood policing and convenience service carried out by the public security organs in the province on the Internet, focusing on the achievements of public security work, and the masses responded strongly. The third is to combine the attention of the masses with propaganda. Based on the principle of "what the masses care about, the public security organs will solve it", combined with the actual problems of public security, the detection of small cases and the mediation of minor contradictions, timely publicize the main measures taken by public security organs, the progress of case detection and the actual results achieved, and further enhance the public's participation and sense of identity in public security work.
4.
It is necessary to strengthen communication and interaction between the police and the media. The first is to make a good docking. In our daily work, we should make good contact with the mainstream media in our administrative areas, establish information publicity and news joint systems, actively invite the media to go deep into public security organs for coverage, win the trust and support of the media, set up special pages and columns in newspapers, TV stations and other media, occupy the mainstream position, publicize the public security voice, and create conditions for guiding police-related public opinion in the next step. The second is to strengthen exchanges and interactions. It is necessary to closely combine the activities such as "three visits and three evaluations", "police camp open day" and "meeting with police office", invite the media and the public to participate extensively, fully display the achievements of public security work and the image of the public security team, actively solicit opinions and suggestions from the masses on public security work, and strive to publicize public security work in an all-round, three-dimensional and multi-angle manner to realize the transformation from public security guidance to social guidance. The third is to rely on network guidance. We should rely on online publicity platforms such as Public Security Convenience Service Online and Public Security Weibo to communicate and interact with the majority of netizens, listen to the voices of the masses with an open mind, seriously answer the inquiries of netizens, effectively solve the difficulties of the masses, and truly "let the data run more and let the masses run less errands", which not only strengthens cooperation with print media such as newspapers and magazines, but also realizes win-win interaction with online media.
5.
It is necessary to highlight key points and improve the disposal mechanism. The first is to establish and improve the public opinion early warning mechanism. It is necessary to monitor websites, forums, post bars and blogs. Organize the network supervisor and the police of the propaganda department to analyze and judge all kinds of police-related information in time, grasp the information dynamics, and carry out information early warning, so as to achieve early detection, early prevention and early disposal, and resolutely prevent the spread of public opinion due to the lag of work, which in turn leads to a public relations crisis. The second is to establish and improve the rapid response mechanism. Network supervision, publicity and law enforcement units are the main police types to deal with police-related public opinion. While paying close attention to relevant business training, we should improve the rapid response mechanism, effectively strengthen actual combat drills, and improve the handling capacity and level. If there is a major police-related public opinion, the relevant departments and police types can respond quickly, carry out the disposal work according to the emergency plan formulated in advance, and take effective measures to deal with and resolve the public opinion crisis. The third is to establish and improve the linkage disposal mechanism. In the guidance and control of police-related public opinion, it is necessary to establish and improve a smooth and efficient linkage disposal mechanism, strengthen coordination and cooperation among various police types, and form a strong joint force to do related work together. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the linkage with the relevant departments of the party Committee and government. After the occurrence of major police-related public opinion, it is necessary to report to the party Committee and government in time, strive for the support and help of the party Committee and government, coordinate and solve the public opinion crisis, and ensure the overall social stability. The fourth is to establish and improve the information release mechanism. It is necessary to establish a mechanism to effectively regulate the release of authoritative information on major public opinions, instruct special personnel in special classes to be responsible for the release of information, promptly and actively guide positive public opinions, and prevent inappropriate and inaccurate information released by individual departments from causing secondary accumulation of negative public opinions. In addition, for negative news reports that distort the facts and deliberately denigrate the image of the public security team, the propaganda department of the public security organ should release authoritative information in time and refute it clearly to safeguard the rights and interests of the police and the image of the team.