Education is the foundation of the country. Whether an industry can develop healthily and continuously depends on the cultivation of professional talents and the construction of talent echelon. It is obviously not enough to rely solely on the re-education or vocational training of employees. The deeper demand is the specialization of talents.
1. General situation of jewelry specialty in colleges and universities
With the vigorous development of jewelry market and the demand for comprehensive quality and professional skills of employees, a multi-level jewelry teaching system is gradually taking shape all over the country and has shown strong pertinence.
1. 1 There are various schools.
The running of jewelry specialty embodies the diversification of keeping pace with the times, both public and private; There are not only universities directly under the Ministry of Education, but also secondary colleges, as well as adult education and online education. There are not only knowledge-based higher education with bachelor degree or above, but also skilled secondary education in higher vocational colleges. It covers almost all stages of middle and senior education.
At present, there are more than 80 colleges or higher vocational colleges offering jewelry appraisal and jewelry design courses, among which the most famous are two jewelry colleges, China Geo University (Beijing) and China Geo University (Wuhan), which have a complete teaching and training plan, curriculum system and syllabus, and have accumulated rich teaching experience in the teaching process for many years. Based on these two foundations, Great Wall College and Jiangcheng College, the secondary colleges of the two universities, also set up jewelry appraisal and other majors respectively.
Jewelry teaching units are all over the country, distributed in cities with developed economy, jewelry industry and higher education, and concentrated in Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai and other places, such as China Geo University (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, beijing city university, Beijing Business School and other units near Beijing 10, as well as Guangzhou Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou Panyu Vocational and Technical College Jewelry College, Shenzhen Institute of Art and Design, Shenzhen Senior Technical School and so on.
2009 China Jewelry and Jade Jewelry Guide
1.2 student situation
Jewelry majors are undergraduates (first, second and third) and junior college students, including some master students and a few doctoral students, as well as many students in higher vocational colleges, junior colleges and technical secondary schools. According to incomplete statistics, the annual enrollment scale totals several thousand people.
The employment situation of graduates is generally good, with many directions. Secondary vocational schools, higher vocational colleges and junior colleges are mainly engaged in sales, and major companies and stores have a big gap every year; Except for a few undergraduates who went abroad for further study, quite a few of them joined the postgraduate entrance examination army. For example, nearly 50% of undergraduates majoring in gemstone and materials technology in China Geo University (Beijing) directly enter the master's degree every year, and some of them enter the society, such as industry management institutions, appraisal departments, industry enterprises, industry media, pawn shops, auction houses, etc., and a small number of students directly start their own businesses, which has also achieved gratifying results and brought a lot of vitality to the jewelry industry. Most graduate students are employed as teachers, enter management institutions or scientific research institutions such as trade associations, enter enterprise management, and a few start their own businesses or switch to other industries.
Today, many jewelry students who have graduated from the class have become a new force in the industry.
2009 China Jewelry and Jade Jewelry Guide
2. Present situation of jewelry education in China in 2008 and 2009
These two years are two years when the jewelry industry is ready to go, and domestic jewelry education is naturally in the ascendant. Jewelry major not only lays a solid foundation for professional education and quality education, but also pays more attention to the platform needed by domestic talents and starts to create innovative talents with strong hands-on ability.
Since 2008, China Geo University (Beijing) has held many "expert appraisal" competitions on campus, which are divided into "gem appraisal" and "diamond grading" according to different semesters, and have been held for four consecutive semesters. Many students who have a solid professional foundation and study hard stand out and have achieved good results in the cultivation of international certificates such as FG A.
The cultivation of hands-on talents in higher education is mainly based on the construction of laboratory on campus and the construction of off-campus practice base and trainee base. After years of hard work, many colleges and universities now have a number of internship bases that can accept students' internships. From the perspectives of testing institutions, scientific research institutions, enterprises and industry media, it aims to create a platform for students to get in touch with the industry, so that they can adapt to the fast pace and strong competition after entering the society in advance. At the same time, in 2009, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League started the construction of internship bases in colleges and universities in accordance with the working policy of the CPC Central Committee to solve employment difficulties. According to the integration of many factors, such as the location of colleges and universities, the scale of running schools, specialty settings, etc., the first batch of undergraduate practice bases will be launched at the end of 2009. At the same time, the internship unit is required to give appropriate subsidies to students (mainly undergraduates) in the process of accepting internships, so that students can gain practical experience and earn a little money to maintain the cost of off-campus internships.
The opening of practice base and trainee base has narrowed the distance between jewelry majors and the industry and helped them locate their four-year study in university.
3. Characteristics and talent training direction of jewelry specialty in colleges and universities
Colleges and universities mainly focus on academic education, but they have clear goals in cultivating students, including division of labor and cooperation.
3. 1 distinctive professional features.
According to the rapid development of the jewelry industry and the demand for new talents from all sides, various school-running units constantly adjust the orientation and direction of running schools, and the setting of jewelry specialty has gradually expanded from the initial jewelry appraisal and jewelry design to 10 different but interrelated majors, such as strengthening the jewelry appraisal and marketing specialty in marketing, emphasizing the jewelry planning and economic management specialty in management, and even the setting of art collection and investment, which can be said to enrich the adaptability of jewelry specialty.
The core courses of the course are basic courses such as the principle and method of gem identification instrument, color gemology, diamond science, jade, gem processing and jewelry trading, and then the contents are strengthened in various related directions according to the differences of specific majors, such as the three major courses of art design, the application of design software, and jewelry expression techniques. Marketing, jewelry evaluation, sales skills, business negotiation and other courses of marketing specialty integrate jewelry processing technology, gem design and design aesthetics, and material technology. Generally speaking, it is an all-round extension and development after understanding the big gem materials.
3.2 Different professional levels
Due to the different levels and purposes of running a school, students majoring in jewelry also present a multi-level and targeted situation from doctoral students, master students, undergraduates, junior college students to vocational and technical school students.
Generally speaking, the training goal of graduate students is mainly scientific research, undergraduates emphasize improving their comprehensive quality with higher vocational skills, junior college students emphasize skills training on a certain basis, and higher vocational and technical schools require students to master the practical ability of appraisal and marketing. Different levels of training programs fully consider the school-running characteristics of each unit, students' acceptance ability, future career choice, employment and other issues, and form a relatively independent and complete jewelry education system as a whole.
4. Introduction of some jewelry colleges.
Although many colleges and universities offering jewelry specialty in China are distributed all over the country, most of them have inherited the foundation of geology, rock and mineral specialty, and the foundation of science and engineering is profound.
4. 1 Jewelry Institute
(1) China Geo University (Beijing) Jewelry College
Jewellery College of China Geo University (Beijing) was established in1September, 1995, and it is one of the earliest institutions of higher learning in China to carry out gemology education and offer gemology specialty. At present, the college has three teaching departments: Gem Teaching and Research Section, Art Design Teaching and Research Section and Jewelry Design and Appraisal Laboratory. The teaching laboratory is a qualified laboratory in Beijing, which consists of a gemstone appraisal room, a diamond grading room, a gemstone processing room, a computer room, a jewelry inlay making room, a jewelry polishing room and a wax carving room. In addition, there are skylight studios, design professional classrooms and works exhibition rooms.
At present, Jewellery College has two undergraduate majors, namely Gemmology, Material Technology and Art Design, and two master's programs, namely Gemmology/KLOC-0 and Art Design. At present, there are more than 500 full-time students, including more than 400 undergraduates (including 10 foreign students) and more than 60 graduate students. The college has 3 1 staff, including 23 full-time teachers. Among the teachers, 83% have a postgraduate degree and 44% have a senior professional title. Five teachers have obtained the qualification certificate of national registered jewelry and jade quality inspector. The educational background, major and age structure of college teachers tend to be rational.
2009 China Jewelry and Jade Jewelry Guide
Since 1988, the school has recruited students majoring in gemology, trained more than 2,000 professional technicians in gemology and art, and trained nearly 100 doctoral and master's students, which has sent a large number of gemology professionals at all levels to China's jewelry industry.
(2) Jewelry College of China Geo University (Wuhan)
China Geo University (Wuhan) Jewelry College is a teaching and research unit with jewelry education as its central task.
From 65438 to 0989, Gemmology Institute cooperated with British Gemmology Association to open the certificate course of Gemmology of British Gemmology Association, which was the first institute in China to introduce the international advanced gemmology education system, thus greatly accelerating the development of gemmology education in China. On the basis of studying the theory and skills of modern international gemmology, Jewellery College has set up its own courses on gems and diamonds, founded the G IC brand, and trained a large number of professionals for China's jewelry industry.
Up to now, more than 5,000 people have obtained various certificates such as FG A, D G A, GIC gemmology and diamond classification. At the same time, the college is also one of the three pre-examination training stations for quality inspectors of jewelry and jade designated by the state.
Since 1994, the college has undertaken the task of undergraduate education in gemology. In 2000, with the official approval of the Ministry of Education, we set up a market-oriented and future-oriented undergraduate major in Gemmology and Materials Technology. Now we recruit undergraduates in gemology, material technology and jewelry design, and also train higher-level master and doctoral students in gemology. In addition, students majoring in jewelry are trained through adult education and online education. It constitutes a multi-level jewelry education system.
There are many famous experts who are quite influential in the jewelry industry. Among the existing full-time and part-time teachers, 77.8% have senior titles such as professor and associate professor, 6 1% have master's degree or above, and 22% have obtained doctoral degree, which constitutes a team of teachers with fine professional quality, high academic level and dedication to their posts.
4.2 Gem and Material Technology Specialty
Shijiazhuang Institute of Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Tianjin University of Commerce, Shanghai Jianqiao College, Guilin University of Technology and other institutions have gem and material technology majors or gem research centers. According to the characteristics of colleges and universities and their own advantages, corresponding courses have been set up and a number of jewelry professionals have been trained.