First, strengthen the construction of "two teams" to form a joint force and improve work efficiency.
Under the leadership of the Central School, I have effectively strengthened the construction of the political style and work style of the members of the leading group. The administrative team insisted on holding a regular meeting every Monday, and the team members insisted on honesty and integrity, took the lead in setting an example, worked hard and set an example, which established a high prestige among all teachers and improved the management efficiency accordingly. In dealing with complicated administrative affairs, I always insist on teaching in person, observing the hardships of teaching and exploring the laws of teaching reform. Adjust the division of labor in time when the original leader changes slightly, keep the rhythm, concentrate, and do a good job in line management in step.
Strengthening the construction of teaching staff is a glorious tradition of our school. I always regard the construction of a team of teachers with correct style, exquisite business, hard work and dedication as the foundation of the school's sustainable development, and require backbone teachers to exercise in practice and grow rapidly; Young teachers are required to study hard and impart experience, so that they can quickly integrate into the fighting collective, and at the same time pay attention to strengthening the training of basic teaching skills. There is a clear target management for teachers' professional ability and teaching and scientific research ability. Every semester, everyone needs to hand in an excellent teaching plan, an independent thesis, a high-quality class, write an educational research paper and reading notes, manage a class well, and set a good image as an example. For old teachers and backbone teachers, it is also required to create their own teaching characteristics and show their own teaching personality. It is by relying on these two teams with one heart and one mind and keeping pace that our school is full of youth and vitality.
Second, strengthen the construction of "three styles" in schools, improve the quality of teachers and students, and establish a group image.
The style of study, in a certain sense, is one of the foundations of the school's survival and development, as well as its spiritual wealth and intangible assets.
First: the construction of school spirit. I focused on three aspects: First, the traditional education in schools. Zuoqiao primary school is full of talents. Many successful people who have left this school are very concerned about the construction and development of their alma mater, and they have become role models for the majority of students. We put forward at school: "Today I am proud of the school, and tomorrow the school will be proud of me." I vividly put forward that I love the school, follow the example of my predecessors and alumni, study hard and win glory for my alma mater. According to this idea, we should publicize the outstanding figures of several generations of alumni to teachers and students, find the track of their efforts, growth and success, and form a good school spirit of striving for progress, educating our country and winning glory for our school. The second is to recognize advanced activities in peacetime. While inspiring teachers and students to yearn for the excellent traditional spirit of the school, we should promptly commend all kinds of advanced figures who have made outstanding achievements in the education process. The school has a wall newspaper column to introduce the deeds of outstanding teachers, winners of student competitions and outstanding works of students' composition competitions, forming a vivid environment to introduce the school spirit. It also selects outstanding students as the standard bearers of the weekly flag-raising ceremony and briefly introduces their advanced deeds, making them idols of students' progress. Third, pay attention to environmental image education. A clean, orderly and energetic school environment is the school spirit textbook. Our school tries to use concise and instructive slogans to let teachers and students feel what our school is advocating at any time. Every classroom has famous sayings. In addition, our school adheres to the health inspection and appraisal system, and the classrooms, dormitories and function rooms are well arranged, which reflects the concern of the school for the healthy development of students' body and mind and the concept of doing everything for students. In a word, I have made great efforts in the construction of school spirit. It is understood that the satisfaction rate of teachers, students, parents and society to the school is over 95%.
The second is the construction of teaching style, mainly to conscientiously implement the post responsibilities of teachers and the professional ethics of being a teacher. A series of activities such as "stressing civilization, cultivating new styles and offering love" were carried out. Combined with the new ideas and requirements given to teachers by the curriculum reform, the school not only insists on implementing the school's teaching routine work rules, but also encourages teachers to combine bold innovation with meticulous work. This school year, the guidance office put forward a new idea of "teaching plan reform", abandoning formalism and empiricism in preparing lessons and copying teaching plans, requiring teachers to have students in mind, insisting on teaching from reality, making clear teaching objectives and ideas of teaching materials; Standardize the teaching process and create problem situations; Solve teaching problems and promote mental development. Proceeding from reality, it embodies the individuality of school teaching and the characteristics of teaching style, and promotes the reform and development of teaching style.
Third, the construction of study style: cultivate students' subjective spirit, change me into learning, and pay close attention to learning purpose education, study style education and class activities. According to the requirements of different grades, students' interest in learning, good study habits and conscious learning attitude are cultivated in subject teaching, and the self-study ability to adapt to students' study in various subjects is gradually formed, forming an atmosphere of independent homework, honest examination, conscious error correction, missing and filling, and developing their own interests, hobbies, specialties and active learning.
Third, strengthen the construction of rules and regulations, run schools according to law, and teach by the chapter.
Over the years, the school's rules and regulations are relatively sound and effective. Among them, teachers' master position in the school and the awareness of school administration serving teachers and students have been strengthened. According to the instructions of the superior, our school adheres to the open system of school affairs, and adheres to openness and democracy in reward and recognition and charge management. Truthfully report the work at the staff meeting, listen to various opinions and suggestions, make decisions on the basis of democratic centralism, make the system unite and cooperate, promote development, and try our best to reduce and eliminate mistakes in the work.
Fourth, strengthen business study and training, and create characteristic education.
The school leadership team can work together in Qi Xin with full confidence. Under the guidance of the spirit of "emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, pioneering and innovating", all the teaching staff can keep up with the pace, enjoy teaching and strive for characteristic education according to the requirements of the curriculum reform plan. School-based research based on network environment has been established, and the school website and teacher education blog have been opened, which has built a good communication platform for school-based research, broadened teachers' horizons and laid a foundation for improving the quality of education and teaching in our school. In the future, our school will earnestly strengthen training and learning, learn from others' strengths, and drive all faculty members to work in a down-to-earth manner to create their own school-running characteristics.
Six, this year I focused on the following work.
Strengthen the construction of party style and clean government. As a cadre in party member, I seriously participated in the County Education and Sports Bureau, and constantly improved my understanding of the significance of fighting corruption and promoting honesty, so as to abide by the law, not seek personal gain, be honest in teaching, love my post and be dedicated, and seriously accept the inspection and assessment by the higher authorities and the evaluation and supervision by the masses.
Conscientiously implement the "Two Regulations on School Physical Education and Health". I conscientiously do a good job in the daily work of school sports health, hold sports meetings according to local conditions, and carry out small-scale sports competitions, which stimulate students' interest in exercise, enhance students' physique, and activate their body and mind; Respect and care for teachers. In school management, I can embody the "people-oriented" management concept. While conducting quantitative assessment and rigid management, I fully respect and care for teachers, try my best to find ways to improve the living conditions of teaching staff, wholeheartedly think about teaching staff, do practical things for them, and strive to create a trusted, cooperative, democratic and harmonious education and teaching working environment. At the same time, I also care about retired teachers and try my best to help them solve some practical problems.
Strengthen the cultivation of students' good behavior habits. Schools often use morning meetings and class meetings to educate students on civilization, hygiene, courtesy, morality and order, so that students can understand the importance of respecting teachers, uniting with classmates and learning to be grateful, and gradually form good behavior habits.
Strengthen the management of school fees. Seriously study the relevant documents and regulations of higher authorities, control fees with a highly responsible attitude, strictly implement the management of "two lines of revenue and expenditure", implement budget preparation and project approval for school expenditures, accept financial supervision and school affairs supervision, and ensure the rational use of each school education fund.
In short, in the past year, with the joint efforts of all the faculty and staff, I have seen gratifying achievements. However, I am also clearly aware that current education is facing new opportunities and challenges. In the fierce competition, our school will keep pace with the times, explore and innovate, take the school-running characteristics as the premise, take perseverance as the guarantee, persist in carrying forward the fine tradition of hard struggle, step by step, under the correct leadership of the county education and sports bureau and the township central school, and take the opportunity of strengthening school-based research to fully implement quality education and comprehensively improve the quality of school education and teaching. Let our school be full of youth and vitality forever!
The vice president of teaching simply summed up 2 "A good principal is a good school." Therefore, being a good principal to lead the school forward has become the direction I strive to pursue this year. Over the past year, I have been focusing on the two requirements of "being a man" and "doing things", working hard and leading the school to develop continuously. Tidy it up and make a summary.
First, the ideological realm.
"School leadership, first of all, is the leadership of educational ideas, followed by administrative leadership." The headmaster has no thoughts and can't lead the school. The headmaster is not only an administrative authority, but also an academic authority with noble personality charm. This kind of ideological understanding and the promotion of personality realm benefit from reading and thinking. Over the past year, I have made full use of my spare time and devoted myself to reading and studying, dabbling in pedagogy, psychology, philosophy, business management, literature and so on. And almost make up for it, let me keep my enthusiasm for work and life, have a deeper understanding of the purpose and values of education, and promote the promotion of the concept of running a school. At the same time, I often combine reading, practice and my own thinking, which is used to guide teachers to gradually clarify the school vision, consciously perform their duties and responsibilities, enhance the sense of mission of the school, and promote the self-realization of teachers' personal values.
Second, work and innovation.
1, school conditions improved. According to the goal and requirement of balanced development of education, I devote myself to the construction of school buildings and the improvement of school conditions, and often work overtime, regardless of holidays. Ensure the steady progress of the balanced development of education.
2. The construction of learning organization. Taking teachers' professional development as the starting point, we should lead teachers to read, write, research and reflect, form a strong learning and research atmosphere in the school, promote the development of school spiritual culture, effectively curb the job burnout of teaching staff, and lay the foundation for the effective implementation of school curriculum.
3. School management transformation. Change the linear management mode of the school and turn to flat management. On this basis, realize distributed leadership. This has changed the controlled school management mode in the past, enhanced the autonomy of teaching and cadre management, and promoted the cultivation of "people".
4. The formation of excellent school spirit. Starting from ourselves, we should pay close attention to labor discipline and teachers' self-education, adhere to fairness and justice, resolutely resist bad work style, and lead the formation of excellent school spirit with diligent and pragmatic work style.
Third, shortcomings and deficiencies.
1, the work is not deep enough in practice. Pay more attention to school construction and less attention to curriculum implementation.
2. Some work is anticlimactic, lacking the willpower for continuous improvement.
3. The work standard is not high and the details are not paid enough attention.
The vice principal of teaching briefly summarized the period from xxX to xX. According to the arrangement of the Education Bureau, I participated in the qualification training for principals. Based on the trust and cultivation of leaders, I was appointed as the vice president of the central school in April this year. I have been doing financial work for XX years. What I have been thinking about most for so many years is how to do financial work well, make financial statements and write financial reports, and I have no time to take care of other work. I don't want to attend this training yet, mainly because the business volume is too large at ordinary times and I don't want to delay. But since I went, I'll wait until it comes.
The training time is from xx to xx,165438+15-8 October, and I worked as an intern in Xiaoyi Jiangnan Primary School, Peixin Primary School and Orchard Primary School in the whole city. In the past 10 days, I entered a brand-new field, which was shocking every day and my thoughts were constantly struggling. Then there are many insights:
Perception 1: The headmaster should correctly position himself. The headmaster serves the school without privilege. Suhomlinski said: the principal's leadership over the school is first of all the leadership of educational thought, and then the leadership of administrative management. That means the principal should be the spiritual leader of the school. "First-class schools rely on culture, second-rate schools rely on systems, and third-rate schools rely on principals"; "First-class principals are thinking, second-rate principals are welcoming, and third-rate principals are in a hurry."
Insight 2: "A good principal can build a good school". An excellent principal should have good political and moral qualities, innovative leadership qualities, educational and scientific research qualities, physical and psychological qualities. Secondly, the headmaster should pay attention to cultivating people, using good people, using the right people, and delegating power, because one person can directly lead seven people at most (depending on the effect), perform their duties and do their own thing well. Thirdly, innovation (I think innovation has two characteristics: one is to stand on the shoulders of giants, and the other is to find another way on the existing achievements).
Perception 3: Principals should have a clear concept of running a school, advanced awareness of the times, innovative spirit, long-term planning and short-term planning; We should assess the situation, be far-sighted, give ourselves an accurate position, attach importance to the professional growth and values of ourselves and teachers, and handle all kinds of relationships well. The headmaster should keep an equal distance from the teacher, the teacher should keep a zero distance from the students, the teacher should keep a close distance from the teacher and the teacher should keep a long distance from the parents.
Perception 4: Enhance the sense of responsibility and build a safe campus. Safety education is the basis of campus safety management. Stability is a political responsibility, safety is the first responsibility, quality is the first priority, teachers are the first element, and students are the first theme. Safety work should be diligent in thinking, summarizing, reporting and checking. Attitude determines everything, and details determine success or failure.
Insight 5: The biggest struggle is not to struggle. It is the biggest personal gain for the public.
Perception 6: Grasp what is not implemented+punish those who are not implemented = implement.
Perception 7: Be an educated principal, generous but not frivolous, and like achievements without showing off; Self-respect but not arrogance, generous but not vulgar; Modesty is not hypocritical, seriousness is not pedantic.
Insight 8: The headmaster should go deep into teaching and be the leader of school-based research. Leading teachers to grow in the professional field.
Perception 9: The happiness of teachers is the happiness of students, the happiness of students is the happiness of families, and the happiness of families is the happiness of society. The key is to make the teacher happy.
Through this study, I have strengthened my confidence and enthusiasm in doing a good job. After coming back, I will seriously digest and put it into practice, be a good helper of the principal, be a caring person of the teacher, and strive to be close to a down-to-earth, responsible, learning, expert, United, service, friendly and open principal.
Personal brief summary of the vice-principal of teaching 4 20 17 12. From 23rd to 27th, I had the honor to attend the post qualification training course for county principals. My five-day study life is intense and full. Through this training and study, I have further clarified my thoughts and ideas of running a school, the qualities that a qualified principal should possess, the role of a principal in the team-influence and guidance, further realized the gap between our school and other schools, and strengthened my efforts. Now my harvest and thinking report is as follows:
To be a good principal, we must pay attention to strengthening study and constantly improve our own quality and comprehensive ability. Education needs innovation, and innovation cannot be separated from learning. From this perspective, learning is an inexhaustible motive force for school development. There is a good principal, there is a good school, because the principal is the manager and commander of the school, playing a core and leading role in all work and playing a decisive role in decision-making. To do these jobs well, the headmaster must constantly improve his own quality, attach importance to learning and be diligent in learning, and this kind of learning improvement must be frequent. I deeply felt the persistence and persistence of the famous principal in learning. The headmaster should have a good habit-study, so that our eyes will be wide open.
Through study, we can keep abreast of education, teaching management and education laws and regulations, and we can take thought as the guide. Establish good personality charm and personal courage, and work and words will have appeal.
First, principals should have good professional quality.
The headmaster is not only the administrative leader of the school, but more importantly, he should lead the team development with his solid professional foundation and high professional standards.
Through training, I deeply feel that the principal is a thinker, innovator, designer, doer and guide. This shows that a principal must have a profound academic foundation, and also let me know the appeal of academic research. This appeal comes from the principal's extraordinary academic accomplishment and is superior to the simple administrative orders and teaching and research leaders in the school. It is precisely because the headmaster has profound knowledge, profound insights and skillful practical control ability that teachers can sublimate from external orders and obedience to internal admiration and pursuit in the process of teaching practice and research.
Second, the headmaster should build a platform for the development of teachers.
After several days of study, I realized that teachers should be the first, and build a platform for teachers' development. Schools should take teachers as the foundation of running schools and take the humanistic management thought of teachers first as the basic concept of school management. Attach importance to teachers' sense of participation and innovation, so as to give full play to teachers' talents and fully develop their humanity. Teachers are the masters of school affairs. Teachers' participation in school management through various ways and channels can, on the one hand, stimulate their sense of ownership and work responsibility, stimulate their initiative and creativity, improve teachers' self-worth and work efficiency; On the other hand, due to the participation of teaching staff in school management, the transparency and credibility of management are increased, and the degree of recognition is enhanced, so that all teaching staff have more trust and sense of belonging in school management, and the school and teaching staff form a whole, thus improving the pride, responsibility and mission of teaching staff, which reflects that teachers are the masters of the school.
Third, to be a good principal, we must care about the teaching staff. Be kind to others, don't haggle over every ounce, lead by example in work, be diligent and practical, make scientific and reasonable decisions, behave democratically, strengthen communication with team members and give more guidance and encouragement.
We should learn to decentralize, respect and trust every member of the leadership team, and let the members of the school leadership team rest assured, let go and boldly grasp their own school management work. The headmaster only needs to grasp the big things and the overall situation. Adhere to the combination of principle and flexibility, stress principle on major issues, and stress style on minor issues. At the same time, we should pay attention to the professional development of teachers and try our best to meet their needs.
To be a good headmaster, you need a lot of qualities and abilities. The more you master, the greater the guiding role for school work. Therefore, principals should have the idea of lifelong learning, improve while learning, and constantly improve their overall quality.
According to the work opinions of the Summer Education Bureau, our school attaches great importance to summer work, formulates personal summer work plans, sets up holiday work leading groups, arranges on-duty work, arranges holidays to see the timetable, ensures smooth telephone calls and ensures the safety of school property. The following is a brief summary of our summer work.
First, hold a class meeting before class, complete the semester work summary, strengthen the legal safety education, and make a good safety summary.
Before the holidays, our school conducted legal safety education for all students, parents' meeting and semester holidays, especially strengthening students' swimming safety education, transportation and diet, and invited parents to participate in * * * and do a good job in students' safety precautions and management, so that students can firmly establish law-abiding awareness and safety awareness, and restrain their behavior with laws and regulations. During the holiday, the school also strengthened the security of the school, strengthened the management of the personnel on duty, defined the responsibilities, patrolled regularly, and strictly managed the personnel entering and leaving the campus. Most teachers on duty arrive at their posts on time during the holidays, and make detailed records and reports on the events in time; Due to the attention of school leaders, meticulous prevention work and various measures in place, no safety accidents occurred this summer.
Second, home-school contact, to carry out home visits.
Carry out home-school contact and home visits. Pay attention to children with financial difficulties, children with floating population and children from single-parent families. The head teacher and the teachers in the department make full use of the summer vacation to make home visits, and some even make home visits by telephone or online. During the summer vacation, all teachers visited 100 students.
Third, actively organize students to participate in various trainings, studies and competitions.
1. Participate in the district primary school football league. From June 29th to July 2nd, our school held a four-day football match for primary school students. After four days of fierce competition, the women's football team won the first place and the men's football team won the fourth place.
2. Special training on blackboard newspaper knowledge. Blackboard is an important position for the Young Pioneers. Reflect the kaleidoscope of society with novel layout, quick report and smart perspective, and educate young pioneers in various forms. In order to raise the blackboard newspaper of each squadron to a new level, on July 4, the Young Pioneers Team of our school invited Cao Donggen, an art teacher of our school, to train the team leader on how to make blackboard newspapers. Teacher Cao explained with vivid multimedia presentations, which made the class cadres deeply explain the topics, data collection, layout, color application, title, trailer, layout, style and illustration requirements of the blackboard newspaper. Have a new understanding.
3. Drum team training. From July 7th to 1 1, the sun was shining, but the 26 new members of Grade Two were enthusiastic. They carry forward the spirit of not being afraid of heat, suffering and fatigue, follow the teachers and old players, and act in a standardized and unified manner, all of them trembling. They are seriously training the drum team.
Brief personal summary of the vice president of teaching 6 I was transferred from the central primary school to the middle school as the principal in 20xx 10. In the past four years, under the direct leadership of the County Education Bureau and the Township Education Management Office, under the care of the Township Party Committee and government, and through my own solid work, school management, education and teaching have entered a formal stage, successfully passed the standardized acceptance at the municipal level, the teaching quality has been greatly improved, the school image has been re-established, and teachers' enthusiasm for education and teaching has never been higher. Let's briefly report some of our own practices to the leaders.
First, strengthen and attach importance to the education of teachers' morality and improve teachers' political quality.
I always put teachers' study in the first place, and stipulate that every Friday night is the time for collective political study. Combined with the activities of "Changing Style Year", we should give full play to the leading role of principals, the vanguard and exemplary role of party member and the typical leading role of key teachers. First of all, we should pay attention to the improvement of our own quality. As the saying goes, if you don't place an order, we will do it. If we don't order, a good principal will make you a good school. In my study, I will take the lead in setting an example, always maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee, establish the idea of governing for the people and being reasonable, conscientiously implement the party's line, principles and policies, and actively participate in business study while maintaining the advanced nature of Communist party member. Secondly, pay close attention to team building and enhance the awareness of running schools according to law. School leaders are required to take the lead in learning theory, management and experience, establish a chess game idea, and strive to form a diligent, pragmatic, United and selfless leadership group. Third, strengthen the construction of the teaching staff, so as to achieve "one promotion and three reinforcement", that is, improve the overall quality of teachers, strengthen the training of young teachers, strengthen the training of key teachers, and strengthen the construction of teachers' professional ethics. In the aspect of teachers' political study, teachers are required to write no less than 1 10,000 words per semester, which is regarded as a content of quantitative assessment; Through learning, teachers are required to achieve "three strictness, three highs" and "four hearts". In other words, there must be a strict work plan, a serious work attitude and a rigorous and realistic work style; Achieve high standards, high quality and high efficiency; We should be proactive in politics, proactive in work, responsible in life, and open-minded in learning, forming a gratifying situation in which everyone loves teaching, enjoys teaching and is good at teaching.
Second, the implementation of departmental management, enhance the competitiveness of all employees.
The era of competition calls for the establishment and perfection of competition mechanism. I just took over the school in xx, and the school is facing many difficulties, such as overstaffing, overstaffing, lack of cohesion and competitive consciousness. In order to introduce competition and activate the internal vitality of education, departmental management has been implemented on the basis of drawing lessons from advanced experience in other places. Practice has proved that management is successful and experience is desirable. At the beginning of the new semester, I will continue to improve the management system of the department according to the actual situation of our school. On the premise of the principal taking overall responsibility and integrating logistics services, the three grades will be re-divided into classes, and the managers with the vice principal as the team leader and the teaching, political and teaching directors as members will form the eastern and western parts in a balanced way. The school will verify the number of teachers needed on the second floor according to the class size and subject requirements, and the managers of the two departments will be re-employed, and the school will inform the employment situation. Teachers will work in different districts and manage in different districts after accepting employment. Students and teachers are equally divided, achieving competition for posts and forming a pattern of competition on the same starting line. This move makes the managers and the managed people form the same interest body, which greatly mobilizes the enthusiasm of department leaders and teachers.
In order to prevent unhealthy competition, the school has standardized the routine management and achieved "six unifications": unified formulation of teaching plans, unified evaluation indicators for preparing lessons, unified organization of subject competitions and mid-term and final exams, unified arrangement of teaching and scientific research activities, unified assessment of the work of class teachers, and unified formulation of quantitative assessment methods for teachers' teaching work. The effect of this macro-control is that managers and teachers are thinking about how to do a good job in teaching and how to promote all the work, rather than thinking about interpersonal relationships and unfair competition.
Third, update the educational concept and implement the "four changes"
How to implement and embody quality education in mountain schools where the educational environment and conditions are not optimized? I think the first thing to be solved is the concept problem. Only by renewing the concept of education can we assess the situation in the specific operation of education and teaching and strive to complete the evolutionary process of absorption, integration and innovation.
This semester, we actively learn from the advanced experience of other schools and adopt the way of going out and inviting in. I personally led teachers to several schools to learn their advanced experiences and practices in school management, education and teaching, teaching research and teaching reform. More than 40 teachers were selected to participate in various training courses, study classes and teaching and research activities organized by the municipal and county teaching and research offices. All teaching and research activities organized by the county teaching and research section are arranged for teachers to attend on time. According to the school regulations, these teachers should systematically sort out what they have learned after returning to school, and combine their own experiences and feelings to promote them in the whole school in the form of reports, lectures and open classes. We hired excellent teachers from Xinhua Middle School to send classes to our school to learn their classroom teaching art and achieved good results. Through training and study, teachers have broadened their horizons and changed their concepts. For example, after the county education bureau held the general training of the new curriculum, we immediately drew up the "Implementation Opinions on Entering the New Curriculum and Improving the Efficiency of Classroom Teaching", explicitly requiring teachers to change their teaching concepts on the basis of learning and popularizing foreign thinking experience, and to achieve three infiltrations in learning the new curriculum: infiltrating the teaching ideas based on the new curriculum standards into their own education and teaching concepts; Infiltrate the teaching mode of "advocating students' active participation, being willing to explore and being diligent in hands-on, and cultivating students' abilities of collecting and processing information, acquiring new knowledge, analyzing and solving problems, and communicating and cooperating" into their own classroom teaching and practice; Strict and scientific management strategies permeate their own class work. The teaching and research groups regard "how to teach the new curriculum well" and "how to enter the new curriculum" as compulsory courses for teachers, and carry out research activities on the new curriculum standards, writing papers, attending public classes, preparing lessons collectively and giving lectures.