First, question and answer:
1. Which situations need TDM?
2. Please describe the purpose of the phase II clinical trial of drugs and the matters needing attention in the research content?
3. What problems should be paid attention to in rational drug use in early pregnancy?
Please describe the general principles of medication for the elderly?
5. What is the effect of body rhythm on pharmacokinetics?
Second, multiple-choice questions (only remember the stem)
1. Characteristics of steady-state pharmacodynamic curve:
2. Half-life refers to:
3. The significance of blood drug concentration determination:
4. Reasons for monitoring phenytoin sodium:
5. Drugs not suitable for use in the third trimester of pregnancy:
6. Related factors of drug teratogenesis:
7. Pharmacokinetic changes in the elderly:
8. The elderly should pay attention to when using cardiac glycosides:
9. Drugs that are active only after being transformed by liver drug enzymes:
10. Characteristics of drug trial placebos:
1 1. Drugs that can be combined with chloramphenicol:
12. Antibiotics are needed to prevent this situation:
13. the principle of ampicillin in the treatment of cholecystitis;
14. Precautions for medication of renal insufficiency: All problems can be found in; Find the answer in the second edition.
Pharmacological examination questions of standardized examination for medical practitioners in Guangdong Province in 2005
Short answer questions:
What are the clinical indications of 1.TDM?
2. Please describe the purpose, research content and matters needing attention of phase III clinical trial of drugs.
3. What problems should be paid attention to in rational drug use during lactation?
4. Please describe the relationship between pharmacokinetic changes and rational drug use in the elderly.
5. What is the effect of liver drug enzyme inducer on pharmacokinetics? Give examples.
Multiple choice test sites:
1. The reason of ampicillin used in biliary tract infection.
2. Tissue with high erythromycin concentration.
3. Drugs that cause hepatocyte injury.
4. The consequences of the increase of PH value of gastric juice.
5. The absorption and efficacy of the two drugs are reduced.
6. Drug-induced liver microsomal enzyme activity.
7. The reaction of old people to drugs is quite different from that of young people.
8. The characteristics of drug action in the elderly.
9. Reasons for the increase of free drug concentration in pregnancy serum.
10. Drugs that cause adverse reactions in infants through breast milk.
1 1.TDM includes.
12. Reasons for monitoring the blood concentration of digoxin.
13. First-order dynamics.
14. Drug elimination parameters in vivo.
Outline of clinical pharmacology examination for standardized training of residents
Standardized training of clinical residents "medical statistics" examination outline
Outline of medical statistics examination
Key chapter of clinical pharmacology of standardized training examination for residents in Guangdong Province!
1。 The examination content is compiled according to the chapter number of the 2nd edition of Clinical Pharmacology (the planning textbook of the Ministry of Health) edited by Xu.
2。 Chapter 65438 +0 P8, Phase III Clinical Trial
Chapter 2: P 16, the basic concept of pharmacokinetics.
Chapter 3 Clinical indications of P28 and TDM.
Chapter 4, P33, dose-effect relationship and dose-effect curve.
P87 Chapter VII, Clinical rational drug use during lactation.
Chapter 9, P 106, pharmacokinetic changes in the elderly.
Chapter 10, P 1 16, the influence of body rhythm on pharmacokinetics.
Chapter 1 1 P 132 diagnosis and treatment of adverse drug reactions and drug-induced diseases.
Chapter 12, P 139~ 143, the first, second and third polymorphisms of drug metabolizing enzymes.
Chapter 13 P 160, treatment of drug dependence.
Chapter 14 affects the biotransformation process.
3。 This is the scope of question and answer, the scope of multiple-choice questions. Read your own book!
Three. statistics
1. Sampling survey of 200 people in a certain place 2. Blood lead content in normal adults (μg/ 100g).
The results are as follows:
Blood lead content (μ g/100g) 3-9-15-21-27-33-39-45-51-57-
Frequency 47 50 44 2718 55 211.
Q:
(1) What should be used to describe the average level and variation of blood lead content in this population?
(4) What is the proportion of normal people with blood lead value above 37.3?
(5) Why is the normal range of adult blood lead obtained by percentile method+1.645 compared with the conventional average (6)?
It better be accurate.
(7) The blood lead value of a subject in this area is 39μg/ 100g. Please judge whether this person's blood lead value is the same as that of one person according to the above data.
Like adults, why?
3. In order to determine the caesarean section ratio of women who gave birth in obstetrics and gynecology in a city, 4. From the Department of Obstetric Diseases affiliated to the Medical College of this city.
Some samples were randomly taken from the room. 5. The frequency of caesarean section in this sample is 20%.
Q: (1) Who are the "homogeneous people" in this survey?
(2) The survey samples were randomly obtained. What do you think of the representativeness of this sample? Is it biased? Why?
(3) In order to prevent the sample from being biased, how do you think to sample correctly?
6. Random sampling survey of 100 people in a certain area in a certain year. 7. Adult male height, 8. X= 170cm，9。 S=5。
6cm, 10, the known height distribution is normal.
Q: (1) If an adult male is randomly selected in this area, what are the chances of his height exceeding 18 1cm?
(2) What is the average height of adult males in this area?
4. A doctor randomly divided 30 patients who needed cholecystectomy into two groups, and used the new method and the old method to perform cholecystectomy respectively.
Compared with the intraoperative blood loss, the results are as follows:
Blood loss (ml) < 100 100-200- > total 400.
New method 28 4 6 2 40 old method 14
14 6 6 40
Q: (1) What indicators can be used to describe the difference in blood loss between the two groups?
(2) What method can be used to test the significance of the difference between the two groups and write H 1 and H2? You don't need a column to calculate, just explain.
In what way)
(3) Under what circumstances can it be concluded that the average blood loss of the new group is less than that of the old group, and what mistakes may be made in this conclusion?
Wrong. What's the probability?
5, bed research and design, 6, why should we consider whether the sample content is large enough, 7, when determining the sample content, we should
8. What are the basic conditions?
9. In order to study the best treatment for iron deficiency anemia, 10, a doctor treated 12 patients with iron deficiency anemia, 1 1,
Randomly divided into four groups, 12, given four therapies, 13, and observed the increase of red blood cells after one month (million 14, /mm
3)。 The first group used B 12, 15, the second group used B 12+ folic acid, 16, the third group used B 12+ iron agent, 17, and the fourth group.
B 12+ folic acid+iron group. The results are as follows:
B 12 B 12+ folic acid B 12+ iron agent B 12+ folic acid+iron agent.
0.8 1.3 0.9 2. 1 0.9
1.3 0.9 2. 1 0.9
1.2 1. 1 2.2 0.7
1. 1 1.0 2.2
X 1=0.8，X2= 1.2，X3= 1.0，X4=2. 1
Q: (1) What is this design and why is it adopted?
(2) Please complete the following method analysis table.
Method analysis table
Variant source SS Y MS F P
Treatment room 2.56 3 folic acid 1.69 iron agent
0.9 1 folic acid+iron agent
The total variation is 3.04 1 1.
F0.05( 1，8)=5.32，F0.0 1( 1，8)= 1 1.3
(3) According to the results of variance analysis, please make a conclusion.
18, the following regression equation comes from the study of 16 patients with diabetes, 19, who received some treatment.
A few years.
Y=-34+0.29X, where Y is the weight loss of the patient within one year after starting treatment, and X is the weight of the patient at the beginning of treatment. (
Pounds)
Q: Please make a reasonable explanation based on this research data.
20. In the survival analysis of clinical follow-up data, 2 1. What are the common methods of collecting data? 22. When collecting data,
23. What items must be recorded clearly?
Another test paper I like.
1, a sample of somewhere 12000, 3, the adult blood pressure is normally distributed, 4, the mean systolic blood pressure is110,5,
Standard 6, standard deviation 1 1, 7, diastolic pressure 73, 8, standard 9, standard deviation 1 1 0, please answer:
Standard deviation 1 1, 10, please answer:
(1) randomly select one person, and (2) what is the possibility that the measured diastolic blood pressure is within the range of 73+ 1.96?
(3) If the diastolic blood pressure is 95, (4) Try to estimate the hypertension of these ten thousand (5) individuals according to the principle of normal distribution.
Prevalence.
(6) estimate the possible range of the average systolic blood pressure of all adults in this area, and (7) explain the reliability.
(8) Do these people have the same degree of variation in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (9), (10) Why?
2. Serum HBsAg titers of10 hepatitis patients and 16 normal people were determined as follows:
Valence1:81:1:321:641:1281:
256
Hepatitis 1 2 3 2 1
1 normal 7 5 1 3 0
Q: (1) What statistical indicators can be used to describe the average level and variation of these two groups of antigen titers?
(2) What statistical method is used to test the difference between the two groups? Under what circumstances can the titer of hepatitis patients be leveled?
The inference that the average level is higher than that of normal people?
(3) What mistakes might be made in making this inference? how much is it?
3. The anemia of 2395 children aged 0-4 was investigated in a certain place, and the results are as follows:
Number of people surveyed by feeding method, number of people with anemia
Breast milk 190 1 8 13 artificial
53 26 mixing
44 1 194 Total 23
95 1033
95 1033
According to this data, what relative numbers can be calculated to reflect the research? What does this mean?
(2) Try to discuss whether there is a connection between feeding methods and anemia, what statistical methods can be used and how to draw a conclusion?
(3) There are 200,000 children aged 0-4 in the local area. Try to count at least how many anemic children there are. It should be noted that this statistic is reliable.
To what extent
1 1, a doctor studies the effect of treating anemia, 12, 10 patients, 14 kimonos and drugs before treatment.
1 month, 15, 16 in February, 17 in March, Q: (1) What is the design of this experiment?
Type?
(2) What methods can be used to compare and analyze the changes of sick hemoglobin? According to which statistics? how to do
Inference?
(3) If the average hemoglobin in each month after treatment is higher than that before treatment (P), can it be determined whether drugs can increase hemoglobin?
White inference, why?
18. contamination of injection needles in two groups
Exposure time of bacterial positive number in group culture solution in air (minutes)
Repeat puncture needle 500 4 2.10.3 Unused needle.
Title 50 0
When a doctor studied whether the needle puncture failure during intravenous infusion can be repeated, he got the above results, and the conclusions were two.
There is no significant difference in bacterial contamination rate between group A and group B. If the failed needle is exposed to air for less than 2.7 minutes, repeat the operation.
It is safe to use.
Q: What is the best statistical method to estimate the P value compared between two groups? Do you think this conclusion is reasonable? why
What?
19. Conduct clinical research. 20. Compare the antihypertensive effects of two drugs on hypertension.
Q: What three specific provisions should be made for the overall research? How many groups are the cases divided into? How to divide patients
Join a group? What statistical method is used to test whether the blood pressure of each group is balanced and comparable before treatment?
Zhbwxy was last edited on the afternoon of May 23rd, 2005 10:2 1]
Statistics of medical training in Zhongshan
Short Answer Questions
1. Briefly describe what is population and sample, and what are the requirements for samples in medical research?
2. What is the probability? What is a small probability event?
3. What are the four basic indicators of diagnostic test?
4. Evaluate whether a certain physiological index of someone is normal, and what range is used to measure it?
5. T-test of comparison between two groups. Conclusion When H0 is rejected, does it prove that the mean values of the two populations are different? Why?
6. Take four tables as examples to illustrate the basic idea of X2 test?
Thesis problem
1. The content of CS2 in each air sample (mg/ml, abnormal) was determined simultaneously by two methods. Try statistical analysis to check whether there are differences between the two methods.
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A method 40.7 4.4 38.8 45.21.3 20.5 2.8 4.4 5.61.0.
Method b 50.0 4.4 30.0 42.2 2.3 22.5 4.8 4.4 5.0 4.0
2. It is known that the average height of boys aged 12 in a city in China is 145.28cm, and the height data of boys aged 12 in a city are as follows. Try to make a statistical analysis of this data (no calculation results are needed).
135 139 146 153 157 147 160 159 148 144 143 150
3. What are the main steps and results of multi-group mean variance analysis?
Outline of medical statistics examination
I. Purpose
Medical statistics is an applied science that combines statistical methods with medical practice. Widely used in basic medicine and clinic.
Medicine, preventive medicine, health management and other fields are one of the compulsory courses for standardized training of clinical residents. Passing system
Learning the methods and skills of medical statistics will help to improve the scientific research ability and professional quality of residents, and also help to improve modern medical literature.
Reading ability. The purpose of this program is for residents to understand the relevant knowledge points of this subject after learning medical statistics.
Ability to understand and use.
Second, the examination content
0) Introduction
1. Master the basic concepts of individuals, samples and populations, as well as their differences and connections.
2. Master the basic concepts of homogeneity, variation and variable, and the differences and connections between them.
descriptive statistic
1. Master the concepts of three data types of variables and their differences and connections;
2. Master the statistical description methods and steps of three data types;
3. Master the methods and steps of compiling frequency tables and histograms and their significance;
4. Grasp the statistical indicators that describe the average level of continuous variables;
5. Grasp the statistical indicators describing the change degree of continuous variables;
6. Grasp the statistical description indicators of discrete variables (relative number: composition ratio, ratio and relative ratio);
7. Master the precautions in the application of relative numbers;
8. Master the concept, significance and application of standardized rates.
(2) Probability distribution
1. Master the concepts of random events and probability;
2. Familiar with the overall mean of random variable distribution and the significance and important properties of population variance;
3. Understand the basic concept of binomial distribution and its application;
4. Understand the basic concept of Pois90n distribution and its application;
5. Grasp the basic characteristics and properties of normal distribution curve (appearance, parameters, area);
6. Be familiar with the differences and connections (transformations and conditions) of the above three distributions in application;
7. Master the determination method of reference value range;
8. Understand the application of normal distribution (reference range, normal approximation, hypothesis testing).
(3) Confidence interval of sampling error and sample mean.
1. Be familiar with the purpose, process and significance of sampling inspection (error theory distribution law);
2. Master the definition, estimation method and significance of standard error;
3. Master the difference and connection between standard deviation and standard error;
4. Grasp the differences and connections between T distribution and standard normal distribution (appearance, parameters and area);
5. Grasp the significance and estimation method of confidence interval of normal distribution population mean;
6. Understand the significance of the confidence interval of the difference between two normal population means (similar to a population mean);
7? Understand the concept of binomial distribution population probability and its confidence interval, and its relationship with normal distribution.
(d) Hypothesis test of continuous measurement data
l？ Master the basic steps of hypothesis testing and the significance of each step;
2- Master several common design types in T-test (comparative type);
3. Master the basic methods and steps of T-test;
4. Be familiar with the F test of homogeneity of two variances:
5? Familiar with the Z test (normal approximation) method steps of binomial distribution and Poisson distribution.
(five) the efficacy of hypothesis testing and sample size
1. Grasp the definition and meaning of two kinds of errors:
2. Familiar with the basic concepts of hypothesis testing efficacy;
3. Familiar with the four factors that affect the efficacy of inspection;
4. Understand the influencing factors of commonly used sample size estimation.
(6) χ2 test of discrete classified counting data
1. Master the basic idea of χ2 test;
2? Master the main uses of χ2 test (goodness of fit, four-grid table, R×c table);
3. Master the application conditions of χ2 test;
4. Understand the accurate probability test method of four-grid table:
5. Understand the hypothesis test of comparing two standardized ratios.
(7) nonparametric test based on rank.
1. Master the methods and steps of rank sum test of paired symbols.
2. Familiar with the basic idea of rank sum test;
3? Master the scope of application of rank sum test and its advantages and disadvantages (compared with parameter method);
4? Familiar with why rank sum test is called nonparametric test (with or without statistical description index);
5. Master the ranking method of common rank sum test.
(8) Linear correlation
l？ Master the significance and conditions of linear correlation (coefficient);
2. Be familiar with the meaning of HO in the hypothesis test of correlation coefficient.
3. Be familiar with the matters needing attention in relevant analysis.
(9) Linear regression
1. Grasp the significance and conditions of linear regression (coefficient);
2? Master the criteria for determining the regression line (least square method);
3. Be familiar with the significance of H0 in the hypothesis test of regression coefficient.
4? Familiar with the difference and connection between correlation and regression analysis (coefficient, test);
5? Master how to describe the relationship between two variables (scatter plot, correlation coefficient, regression coefficient).
(eleven) the basic principles of statistics in experimental design
1. What are the sources of errors in experimental research?
2. Who are familiar with the statistical principles of experimental design?
3? Master the method of randomly dividing a group of experimental animals into two groups.
(12) Single factor randomized controlled design and variance analysis
1. Master the basic idea of analysis of variance;
2. Master what parameters ANOVA tests;
3. Why can't we do T-test directly when comparing multiple means?
4. Be familiar with the conditions of variance analysis;
5. Understand the method of randomly dividing a group of experimental animals into three groups.
(15) design and analysis of cross-sectional study (survey design)
1. What are the basic methods for investigating and studying random sampling?
2. What is the basis for understanding the current life table estimation? (Age-specific mortality rate)
3. Grasp the meaning of average life expectancy.
(eighteen) research design and analysis of diagnostic test and screening test.
1. Be familiar with the four basic indicators of diagnostic test and their significance (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value).
2. Familiar with the clinical application of positive predictive value and negative predictive value.
(22) Multiple regression and correlation
1. What's the use of being familiar with multiple regression and correlation?
2. What are the screening methods for understanding factors?
3. Understand why some factors of human advanced equation may be eliminated later.
Third, the examination method
1. Closed written test, 2 hours.
2. Question types: multiple-choice questions, short-answer questions, question-and-answer questions, and statistical analysis questions.
Four. philology
1.& lt health statistics > edited by ni zongzan. People's Health Publishing House. Fourth edition, from February 5 to April 38, 2000.
2. < Medical Statistics and Computer Experiment >: Fang Jigan, editor in chief. Shanghai Science and Technology Press. 65438+1 April 19971day.
3. < Health Statistics > Editor-in-Chief Yang Shuqin. People's Health Publishing House. 1993 1 1 3rd edition.
Note: Reference of examination contents: The above three textbooks are equivalent in compiling chapter numbers and marking papers.
References:
/iy/t269756/