Basic knowledge of Chinese: basic knowledge of sick sentences 1. Unreasonable word order (1) unreasonable order of multilevel attributes (or time and place)+reference or quantity+verb or verb phrase+adjective or adjective phrase+noun or noun phrase. They are several excellent coaches who have many years of teaching experience in sports schools. (2) The order of multi-level adverbials is unreasonable. Many teachers talked enthusiastically with him in the lounge yesterday. Pavlov was busy doing conditioned reflex experiments. He always ties animals to the shelves in the laboratory with ropes. (3) The positions of attributive and adverbial are confused. She smiled knowingly. She gave a knowing smile. Teachers and parents exchanged views extensively. Today is the annual school anniversary, and the campus is full of laughter. (4) Unreasonable conjunctions lead to scattered topics. He not only sings well, but also dances well. Not only he sings well, but also his brother sings well. Because she disobeyed God's warning and immediately became a stone man. Literature and art in this factory are well done. On the one hand, workers take advantage of activities before and after work, on the other hand, factory and workshop leaders also attach great importance to providing necessary material conditions. Since China accepted Marxism–Leninism, under the leadership of comrades, great changes have taken place in the China Revolution. 5) The order of juxtaposed ingredients is unreasonable. No one dared to look up at where the sun was, but he felt that everything was shining, and the air, roof, walls and ground were all white and bright. Located in the south of tropical and subtropical Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian and other provinces, the climate is hot and sunny, and various crops are flourishing. (6) The order of corresponding words is unreasonable. Tianshan stretches for thousands of miles, dividing the vast Xinjiang into two halves between Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin. (7) The order of clauses in complex sentences is unreasonable. Forest, forest, that is Sun Changning's paradise: his mouth is dyed red with wild fruits; My heart was intoxicated by the music in the forest; Pockets are stuffed with all kinds of wild fruits; My forehead was soaked with sweat. After the news of the successful synthesis of yeast alanine in Shanghai came out, readers and scientists attached great importance to it and caused a strong reaction. 2. Improper collocation (1) Improper collocation of non-coordinate forms ① Improper collocation of subject and predicate. Pearl Krabs's academic performance has obviously dropped since he got a game machine at home. The will of the revolution is getting stronger and stronger. ② Improper collocation of predicate and object has accumulated a lot of experience in Mr. Wang's teaching. After listening to the mobilization report, all the students took action, and I also took an active part in the winter long-distance running. (3) Improper collocation of subject and object This is the last day of labor, and it is the most tense, enjoyable and meaningful day for the students. The world is a process of constant movement, change and transformation. (4) Improper collocation of attributive and head word. He made great efforts to cultivate fine varieties. The solid basic knowledge laid by middle school has created conditions for his further self-study. Oil workers have made great and arduous contributions to the country. The adverbial and the head word are not properly matched. He gradually stood up and walked with difficulty. Improper collocation of complement and head word We cleaned the classroom. 2) Some coordinate components are not properly matched with other components ① Table: V+Bin+Bin+Binhe uniformly arranged the content, time, participants and problems that should be paid attention to during the meeting. (2) Form: Predicate+Predicate+Object, a cultural station, which has become a place for education to help backward youth and save and train young people who have lost their footing, and has been praised by superiors many times. Form: Lord+Lord+means that during the Spring Festival this year, this car and many fire officers and soldiers gave up their vacations and kept their posts. (4) Form: subject+predicate+predicate. For a few incidents that did not respect the work of sanitation workers and made trouble without reason, the relevant departments promptly criticized, educated and dealt with them. (3) Fixed phrases or related words are not properly collocated in Songting, and the road is even more dangerous. Because the author didn't grasp the theme well, he just added many unnecessary plots and characters by imagination, which greatly weakened the author's ideological and artistic quality. (4) Whether the improper combination of affirmation and negation can cultivate new people with "four haves" is a major event related to the future and destiny of our party and country, and it is also the fundamental task of educational strategy. 3. Incomplete or redundant components (1) Incomplete components ① Incomplete subject ① Preposition abuse. Thanks to the hard work of one semester, he made great progress. She was praised by her teachers and classmates for her good grades. Second, on the day of secretly changing the topic, the teacher patiently told Zhang Hong over and over again until he understood, and didn't return to the dormitory until late at night. The recitation of Tang poetry and Song poetry was warmly welcomed by audiences from all walks of life in the capital, who were amazed at the recitation. The wind blows through the wheat fields, just like the rolling waves of the Yellow River. Third, the use of imperative verbs before the subject leads to the incompleteness of the subject. Watching the TV series Fortress Besieged has taught me a lot of social knowledge. (2) Incomplete predicates. First, I mistakenly believe that predicate language is the foundation of various disciplines. If you don't master the language as a tool, you can't correctly understand the meaning, concepts and principles of other disciplines, and you can't have a clear and rigorous thinking ability. Second, changing the topic casually leads to incomplete predicate. After severe winter fighting, a dam with a height of four meters, a width of 20 meters and a length of 700 meters stands tall on the Tianmu River. Third, the misunderstanding of part of speech leads to the incomplete predicate. After more than ten years' investigation, China bird workers found that there are as many bird species in Guizhou Plateau. Fourthly, the existing predicate verbs are used for other purposes. Because of its high yield and stronger resistance to pests and diseases than imported hybrid sorghum, this hybrid sorghum has been welcomed by Mexican farmers. (3) The object is incomplete. First of all, verbs with objects have no objects. The cold wind in winter blows on their faces. They don't think young people are hot! Students with poor grades should be unwilling to lag behind and strive to catch up. Second, because the attribute in the object is too long, I forgot the head word. In order to fully promote the use of rapeseed cake or cottonseed cake to feed pigs and accelerate the development of pig breeding, the county held a technical training course for breeders. Thirdly, the object of the verb-object phrase as an attribute is mistaken for the object of the whole sentence. We must cultivate the perseverance to overcome difficulties. If you want to get excellent grades, you must work hard. What a role Lu Xun's essays played at that time! When spring comes, wheat grows well and people enjoy a bumper harvest. When I encounter difficulties, he always tries his best to help me solve them. 2) Redundancy of composition 1 Redundancy of topics Our first-year classmates generally say that we can all listen carefully in class and observe classroom discipline. "Therapeutic" cosmetics not only have the general beauty function, but also have drugs acting on the skin to keep the skin healthy and play its role in preventing bacterial infection. The lecture notes borrowed from your college last time are being printed and can be distributed to students before class. His character tends to be introverted. China Cancer Research Foundation rated this drug as the first choice for cancer treatment at present, and recommended it to major countries in China. Today, we came to Yangzhou Slender West Lake Scenic Area and visited the White Pagoda and other scenic spots. Excessive use of volatile solvents is a drug abuse, which is very popular among young people abroad. What a rich subtext of "silence" lies behind sentences with redundant attributes. For more than four years, Zhang Shijie has been exercising for half an hour every morning. Many primary school students not only worship foreign big-name stars, but also want to try the taste of brand-name jerseys. He and his deskmate repeated the exercises many times. He put on his coat and went out. Facing the bizarre social situation, we should think and understand┄┄┄Complement redundancy. In order to avoid further difficulties, he had to put his tone more gently. 4. The structure is chaotic (1). Now this sport can directly see the performance of athletes in the air from the computer. The "wealth" left by my father is also the richest and richest in the world. It enriches my life and makes my heart pure. 2 1 century requires us to have all-round qualities to adapt to future work. When the superior announced the establishment of our film crew and handed over the task to us, all of us felt both glorious and happy, which was beyond words. (2) Short miniature bonsai with five needles, asparagus, chlorophytum and mixed predicates should be placed on tea tables, desks or antique shelves. In 2008, he was rated as one of the four outstanding leading cadres in the province. The migration of birds is often caused by changes in the external environment. (3) The target part is mixed with "broad-spectrum advanced cancer health". First, it can quickly relieve and improve symptoms, especially with good analgesic effect. Second, ┄ ┄ It is called flashback. First, write the ending of an event, and then describe the occurrence and development of the event in chronological order. (4) The two lawyers pointed out that according to the facts investigated by the court and the written evidence issued by the criminal police team and the Legislative Affairs Office of Dongcheng Branch, Wang Xuan confessed his criminal behavior without taking compulsory measures. I didn't think about the job transfer. (5) Attribution Some reporters have several bottles of American fish oil purchased from different channels. People who have been bound by the planned economy for many years have also awakened. (6) If you don't study hard, you can imagine how to get good grades. (7) Two patchwork shutters are not imported. In 2002, a ceramic building model was unearthed in Yunmeng County, Hubei Province. It was identified as belonging to the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and the people of China had already enjoyed the benefits of shutters. This book is yellow. This meal is not spicy. It was his father who performed the operation. This man doesn't know anyone. She has a beautiful hairstyle. According to the results of the investigation sent by the National Anti-counterfeiting Office to 60 enterprises with serious anti-counterfeiting, the annual anti-counterfeiting cost is 65.438+0.57 billion yuan. A dozen parents and students discussed the education of their children together. He secretly deposited money in two banks behind the back of the general manager and deputy general manager. The director instructed the leaders of several schools to make new progress in their work in the new semester. He was so happy to see us that he took us to his room and sat down. The county informed Zhao Xiangchang to report before this month 15. The writing rule of numbers is 1. It is wrong to write multiple digits in numbers. "Over the past year, I have written 00 words without leaving home, including one long article 1 article and two medium articles ..." 2. The use of quantitative units is not standardized. "A person is in trouble, and all parties support him. In just one week, we received a donation of 43,500 yuan from all directions. " In non-scientific publications, in order to facilitate reading or migration, "100 million" and "10 thousand" can be used as units, and especially large values can also be used at the same time. But under normal circumstances, it is not allowed to use ten, hundred, thousand, hundred thousand, million and ten million as units, and it is even more impossible to use "ten thousand, hundred and thousand" at the same time. Although she is only seven or eight years old and hasn't set foot in the school gate, her clever face is really pleasing. "Seven or eight years old" should be "seven or eight years old". The national standard clearly stipulates that Chinese characters must be used to represent the approximate numbers of two adjacent numbers in parallel. When two numbers are used together, they should not be separated by a pause. 4. Misuse of Chinese characters in the 1900s "At the end of the 19th century, a man named Akita Liuji came to Tokyo from Osaka." "19th century" should be "19th century". According to the national standard, the century, year, month, day, hour, minute and second of the Gregorian calendar are a complete time series, which should be expressed by numbers. You can't use Arabic numerals to represent the year, month and day, and Chinese characters to represent the century and year, which are written in the same series and two ways, which does not meet the requirements of coordinated and appropriate use of numbers. Misuse of numbers in stereotyped words or phrases "In the film, the invaders drive straight ahead and only see ruins and weeds along the way. How can you not feel the madness of Eight-Nation Alliance? How can you not feel the heaviness of this history? " "Eight-Nation Alliance" should be an "eight-nation alliance". Numbers used as morphemes in stereotyped words, phrases, idioms, idioms, abbreviations or rhetorical words must all use Chinese characters. For example, The Third World, The October Revolution, The Long March of 25,000 Li and pot calling the kettle black 6. What day is wrong? "It was not until Tuesday that the bus arrived and everyone in the factory craned their necks." 7. The summer calendar misuses the number "August 15, when the full moon is in the sky. The moon in the sky is round, and the people on the ground are round. Let's raise a glass to the ┄┄ couple. "August 15" should be "August 15th". Chinese characters are used in calendar year and summer calendar year in China. 8. Misuse of figures in historical years before the Qing Dynasty: "In the eighth year of Jiajing, a whip was popularized and the tax system was greatly simplified." "Eight years of Jiajing" should be "eight years of Jiajing". All historical years before the Qing Dynasty in China and non-Gregorian years of all ethnic groups in China cannot be mixed with Gregorian calendar, that is to say, numbers cannot be used; It can be expressed in Chinese characters according to the traditional style, and the Gregorian calendar is enclosed by numbers, such as the eighth year of Jiajing (AD). 9. year abbreviation at will. As early as 92 years ago, this matter was put on the agenda, but it has been discussed without a decision. So far, I haven't seen the eight characters. "92 years ago" should be "years ago". The year cannot be abbreviated, for example, you can't write 80 years. 10. Probably the number misuses the number "I have been digging for a long time, but it is only 10 kg. Fangfang pouted and came along the path with a basket. " "10 kg" should be "more than ten kg". Anyone with "gold" must use Chinese characters; Other expressions, such as "duo, duo", "left and right" and "up and down", must rely on the context and take the unity of local styles as the principle. In general, it is also appropriate to use Chinese characters. 1 1. Misuse of numbers in literary works "Looking up, I saw the stars all over the sky and winked at her playfully. Alas, this annoying thing happened to a girl of 18 years old for the first time. " "18 years old" should be replaced by Chinese characters: "eighteen years old"