I. Introduction

Guang Cai is the abbreviation of Guangzhou glazed porcelain art, also known as "export porcelain", "Guangdong color" and "Guangzhou colored porcelain", which refers to the colored porcelain fired in Guangzhou. This traditional handicraft, which is made by drawing patterns on the surface of porcelain with low-temperature glaze decoration technology and baking, has witnessed the modern development of Guangzhou.

The firing technology of Guang Cai porcelain began in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 300 years. Historically, due to the demand of western businessmen, Guang Cai porcelain was exported in large quantities. This skill is mainly distributed in Yuexiu, Liwan, Haizhu, Panyu and other districts in Guangzhou, and spread to Hong Kong and Macao. In 2008, Guang Cai porcelain firing technology was selected into the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Second, the characteristics

The firing of Guang Cai porcelain is famous for its gorgeous colors, rigorous composition and meticulous painting. Its manufacturing process mainly includes seven links: porcelain selection, design, line drawing, color filling, gold weaving, gold sealing and color fighting, and firing. Guang Cai porcelain usually chooses Jingdezhen white porcelain as a foil. Drawing lines and filling colors are the links that can best reflect Guang Cai's technical skills.

The main colors used in color filling are red, navy blue, big green, river lip, bright black and double yellow. Patterns include figures, flowers, birds, insects and fish, landscapes, etc. Use a variety of painting techniques such as weaving, filling, dyeing, washing, tracing, overlapping, engraving and brushing. Weaving gold is Guang Cai's original craft. Craftsmen use milky gold as the background color on white porcelain to set off painted patterns, which is more elegant.

Firing is the key to produce wide colored porcelain. Generally, it is necessary to control the temperature at about 800 degrees Celsius, so that the color of the finished product can achieve bright and gorgeous effects. The firing technology of Guangzhou colored porcelain combines Guangzhou colored porcelain and Jingdezhen porcelain, traditional northern porcelain painting and Lingnan painting techniques, China colored porcelain craft and western porcelain art and painting techniques. It is a kind of traditional technique that integrates north and south and east and west.