Some companies have specialized doctors on board, but the number is very small, because it is not mandatory by laws and regulations, so as long as a few domestic state-owned companies are equipped.

On an ocean-going ship without a ship doctor, the pilot must be trained in first aid and obtain the corresponding certificate, and the first mate captain should also be trained in ship doctor. Usually, the first mate (or second mate) is responsible for medicines and medical treatment on board, but it is generally difficult to reach the medical level of doctors.