How to organically combine information technology with traditional prison management has become a new topic for prison workers in the new period.
I. Overview of prison work informatization
The content of prison information construction should be composed of corresponding hardware and software, mainly including developed communication network, advanced and complete digital multimedia security monitoring system, intelligent and efficient office automation system, prison correction information system, practical and easy-to-use prison production management system and other application subsystems, so as to realize the high integration of various information in prison work. Various hardware facilities and software resources are optimally combined into a complete system, which can meet the daily work needs of prisons. Digitalization, intelligence and integration are one of the main indicators of prison work informatization construction. Therefore, the construction of prison informatization is to apply information technology with computers and networks as the core to all the work of prisons. It is the product of the combination of traditional prison law enforcement, management, education and modern science and technology, and it is the supplement and development of modern civilized prisons. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the connotation of prison work informatization will continue to develop and improve.
The purpose of implementing the informatization construction of prison work is to realize digitalization, intelligence, standardization and networking of prison work, improve the level of prison security, improve work efficiency and improve the quality of reform. Therefore, the informatization of prison work has the following characteristics:
(1) management intelligence. That is, the intellectualization of various management and control facilities, such as the collection and processing of images and sounds, detection and alarm, and access control systems involved in supervision work, should be intelligently controlled.
(2) Office efficiency. It can further improve the work efficiency of office, communication and decision-making, and save the expenses of manpower, resources and energy consumption.
(3) Convenient work. It can realize the rapid collection, processing and exchange of information, so that units and individuals who need to know information can quickly consult the license information.
(4) Supervision and safety. The prison built by means of information technology can further improve the security and prevention ability of the prison, ensure the safety and stability of the prison, and lay a solid material foundation for the prison to do a good job in reforming criminals and improve the quality of education and reform.
Second, the system composition of prison information construction
According to the above description of the meaning and characteristics of the prison work information system, the prison work information construction can be roughly composed of the following subsystems (Figure 1).
Block diagram of prison informatization construction system. (omitted)
It can be seen that the whole system is actually an organic integration of multiple subsystems, that is, based on the computer network system, connecting the main subsystems in information construction. Specifically, it is to standardize and standardize the hardware connection control, the content and format of information exchange, the mutual control and interconnection functions between subsystems, and the expansion mode of each subsystem through software, so as to integrate separated equipment, functions and information into an interconnected, unified and coordinated system and achieve the purpose of resource sharing and centralized management.
1, communication network system
Communication network system is an important part of information construction of prison work. Prison needs to build a fast Ethernet (100M) covering the whole prison area, which is the basic platform of each subsystem in the prison work information system and the "highway" for the rapid transmission of all kinds of information. It should not only meet the efficient transmission of data information of each subsystem, but also meet the integration and application with other functional systems to realize data transmission (such as audio and video, data, etc.). ) Contact with superior management departments and other relevant business organs (such as local governments, public security organs, procuratorial organs and legal organs).
2. Office automation system
Office automation system (OA system) has a relatively mature application software, which is also widely used in society. Through this system, you can send and receive documents, arrange work and reply, ask for instructions and report, and at the same time, you can also complete tasks such as sending notices, arranging meetings, sending and receiving internal mail, etc., so as to realize automation, paperless and networking of prison daily office, save office expenses and improve work efficiency.
3. Prison reform information system
The prison correction information system uses computer and database technology to collect, process and manage all kinds of information of prisoners in the process of prison reform, such as basic information of prisoners, education reform information, life health management information, family visit information, prisoners' physical and mental health information, assessment and reward information, etc., so as to realize computerization of prisoner reform management, thus improving work efficiency, reducing work errors, managing and educating prisoners more effectively and further improving management efficiency. The system covers all aspects of prison management of prisoners, changes the traditional management mode in the past, and has the characteristics of real-time, high efficiency, convenience and quickness, which further improves the level of fair and civilized law enforcement of prison police. At the same time, the system is also a data platform and integration platform for other related application subsystems to access data.
4. Multimedia digital security monitoring system
Multimedia digital security monitoring system (hereinafter referred to as security system) mainly includes TV monitoring, alarm system, access control system, electronic patrol system and peripheral high-voltage power grid alarm system.
(1) Monitoring and alarm system refers to the installation of monitoring and listening devices in important parts such as prison rooms, fences, confinement rooms, activity rooms, and places where prisoners work intensively, and provides real-time information to the monitoring center through computer networks. At the same time, the system can also carry out video recording, audio recording, alarm signal collection, system linkage control and so on. At present, most of the monitoring systems used in general prisons are traditional analog systems. Combined with long-delay video recorders, there are some shortcomings, such as poor image quality, inconvenient storage, and inability to transmit and call on computer networks. In the future, advanced digital compression monitoring system will be adopted to realize the transmission of audio and video signals in computer network and hard disk recording, and advanced embedded technology will ensure the stability and reliability of the system. At the same time, alarm signal collection and system linkage control can be realized, and the alarm position can be quickly displayed through electronic maps in the general control room and network platform, thus improving the rapid response ability to emergencies and the technical defense level of prisons.
(2) Access control system refers to the system that manages the normal access to the prison area and controls the access of personnel. Generally, it consists of access controller, card reader, electronic door lock, access control attendance software and communication converter. Using the monitoring system, the emergency command center can not only monitor the status of these doors, but also directly control the opening and closing of these doors. In the prison interview room and other places, the entrance and exit of the interview room can also be controlled in the above way, and at the same time, the basic information of the people who come to meet can be identified and recorded by ID cards. Conditional units can also install electric door locks in each prison room, which are managed and controlled by the duty room and general control center of each prison area (sub-prison area) and connected with the monitoring and alarm system to realize linkage alarm.
(3) The intelligent high-voltage shunt alarm system is a perimeter prevention system which adopts star network structure, pulse modulation, data acquisition and other technologies to realize prevention and alarm functions. By connecting with the central computer network platform, distributed multi-computer communication can be realized. The system can alarm various alarm situations such as contact of high-voltage power grid in sections. After the alarm happens, it can quickly display the voltage, current, alarm type, location and other data of the power grid, and can also adjust the strike intensity of the power grid according to the situation. Combined with the electronic map of conventional alarm, alarm information can be transmitted and processed quickly.
(4) The electronic patrol system can be independently composed of a subsystem or incorporated into the whole monitoring system. Its function and function are to ensure that the supervision department and night patrol personnel can reach the designated patrol place according to the time and route specified in the patrol procedure, and at the same time protect the safety of patrol personnel.
5. Audio-visual education and cable broadcasting system
Audio-visual education and cable broadcasting system is an audio-visual education system that uses digital and analog signals to transmit teaching audio-visual signals through the network and closed-circuit television system, thus completing various teaching tasks and educating prisoners. This system needs to build a set of closed-circuit television lines, including classrooms, conference rooms or activity rooms in each prison area (sub-prison area), as well as corresponding audio and video acquisition equipment, digital editing equipment, signal transmission equipment, etc. At the same time, the system can also be connected with the Internet, making full use of social education resources on the Internet to realize distance education.
6. Electronic announcement system and prison affairs disclosure system
Electronic bulletin board system and prison affairs publicity system refer to the systems that publicize and educate criminals and their relatives by means of electronic bulletin board or touch screen by using multimedia and computer technology in places where criminals work, live and study intensively and in some public places of prisons (such as waiting rooms, meeting rooms and family canteens). ). Through this system, prisoners and their relatives can know the prisoners' situation in prison more timely and accurately, and learn the dynamic information of national laws and regulations, prison policies, prison news and so on through "one card" or other means, so as to eliminate the information interruption and loss caused by poor information and promote the ideological reform of prisoners.
7. Prison production management system
Prison production management system refers to the application system established by computer and network technology to manage prison production and operation. Its main functions include: completing product research and development and computer aided design of production process (CAD, CAPP, etc.). ), arrange production tasks and give feedback, release product information, etc. Conditional units can also implement ERP system, customer management system (CRM) and other application projects to realize the organic integration of people flow, logistics, capital flow and information flow. The application of computer and network technology in the process of production and operation can greatly improve the rapid response ability of production and the market competitiveness of products, thus improving economic benefits.
Three. Principles of implementing informatization in prison work
Just like the implementation of informatization construction in various industries, the informatization construction of prison work also has its own implementation principles, which have both similarities and characteristics. Details are as follows:
1, update ideas and keep pace with the times
Today's society has entered the era of knowledge economy and information, which brings us not only a profound revolution in technology, but also a profound revolution in thought. We should earnestly improve our understanding of the importance of informatization construction of prison work, and realize that the implementation of informatization of prison work is not only the input of prison hardware facilities and the improvement of physical defense technology, but more importantly, it can promote the fundamental change of our concepts. Prison work should keep pace with the times and realize the legalization and informatization of management education, which requires prison police officers not only to constantly improve their policy and theoretical level and professional work ability, but also to abandon the traditional concept of sticking to the rules and standing still, further emancipate their minds, keep pace with the times, and achieve qualitative changes and leaps in ideological concepts, management methods and behavior methods. Only in this way can we meet the needs of informatization of prison work and promote the continuous development of prison cause.
2. Highlight key points and ensure safety.
The security and stability of the prison is the premise of doing all the work well in the prison. The ultimate goal of implementing the informatization of prison work is to improve the work efficiency and the physical and technical defense ability of the prison, ensure the safety of the prison and improve the quality of reform. Therefore, in the initial stage of implementation, we should focus on the construction and transformation of communication network system, prison discipline information system and audio-visual education system, establish a network platform for the management of prisoners, education and assessment, lay a solid foundation for safety supervision and fair and civilized law enforcement, and give full play to the powerful role and due role of informatization in improving the safety precaution coefficient of prison supervision and the quality of education reform.
3, based on reality, pay attention to actual effect.
Implementing the informatization of prison work involves the adjustment of the whole prison and the layout, concept, talents and construction funds of the prison. The contradictions and difficulties we face cannot be solved overnight. From a national perspective, the development level of prisons in different regions is very uneven. Many prisons are located in relatively remote areas, with inconvenient transportation and backward communication, which is very unfavorable to the development of informationization and networking. Therefore, the implementation of the information construction project of prison work should be adapted to the economic development level, prison layout and prison's own industrial structure in this region. Each prison should, according to its actual situation, do what it can, pay attention to actual results, and gradually improve the weak foundation of supervision facilities and the low level of informatization in prison work.
4. Overall planning and step-by-step implementation
The informatization construction of prison work is a complex systematic project, with long construction period, rapid upgrading of products and equipment, and high requirements for funds, talents and technology. Therefore, it is a process of continuous development and improvement, and we must adhere to the principle of overall planning and step-by-step implementation. First of all, we should look at the problem from the perspective of development, formulate a long-term plan for prison work informatization according to the actual situation of the prison itself, adhere to the idea of sustainable development in the process of prison work informatization, and standardize and standardize various hardware facilities and software resources as much as possible, so as to lay a good foundation for the integration of various information systems in the future. Secondly, we should adhere to the step-by-step working method, distinguish the priorities of each project, advance steadily item by item, and complete system integration once conditions are ripe. We must never be impatient and rash, greedy and cheap, regardless of the conditions.
Fourthly, the practical significance of prison informatization construction.
Combined with the practice of informatization construction in Xuzhou prison, Jiangsu Province, this paper discusses the significance of informatization construction in prison work from the following aspects.
1, which is conducive to improving the comprehensive quality of the police and promoting the change of police ideology.
It is a brand-new job to implement the informatization construction of prison work, which requires police officers to establish a brand-new concept of supervision work, adhere to the idea of keeping pace with the times and pioneering and innovating, dare to break through the shackles of traditional concepts, actively accept new knowledge and establish new concepts. On the basis of studying laws, regulations and correctional knowledge, we should actively learn modern scientific and technological knowledge such as computer and network technology, and constantly improve our comprehensive quality to meet the needs of prison work in the new period and meet the arrival of the digital prison era. On this issue, prison leaders should first emancipate their minds, make scientific decisions and keep up with the development trend of the times. In recent years, Xuzhou Prison has invested more than 7 million yuan in the digitalization and informatization construction of the prison, and built the internal LAN of the prison. At the same time, taking quality education as an opportunity, all prison police officers were trained in computer and network knowledge. 95% of the police have reached the primary level of computer application, and more than 50 police have reached the intermediate level. The application of computers and networks has improved our work efficiency, broadened our knowledge horizons, narrowed the distance with the society and the world, fundamentally changed our ideas, management methods and behavior patterns, and laid a solid material and ideological foundation for prison information construction.
2. It is conducive to improving work efficiency.
Through the application of computer and network technology, prisons can realize the automation of daily office and the networking of production management, improve work efficiency and save office expenses. Since the application of office automation system (OA) in Xuzhou Prison in July, 20001year, all the notices, instructions, reports, production and management information in the prison have been transmitted through the network, which is convenient and quick, with a large amount of information, and all kinds of meetings and documents have been greatly reduced, saving office expenses by about 50% compared with the same period in the past. By the end of 2003, Xuzhou prison had realized computer technology management from supervision reform to prison production management. At present, the prison correctional information system regulates the daily management behavior of the police on the computer, and all the information of the prisoners in the process of serving their sentences is recorded in the system in time. All the commonly used desks, books and books no longer exist, and printing is only transferred when necessary. After the opening of the wide area network of the provincial bureau, the data information of prisoners in the province can be submitted and summarized directly from the Internet. This will greatly save manpower, material resources and financial resources. Prison production management system, namely ERP system, is also playing an increasingly important role in prison production. With the continuous improvement of the functions of each system, the informatization of prison work will provide us with more accurate information transmission and more convenient and efficient information service.
3. It is conducive to ensuring regulatory safety.
Monitoring safety is the primary task of prisons. Under the increasingly severe supervision situation, only by increasing the investment in the construction of security facilities, improving the technical defense ability of prisons and establishing a long-term management mechanism for supervision and security can we ensure the continuous stability of the supervision order. The application of computer technology can achieve the goal of "demanding police force from science and technology" In recent years, relying on information construction, Xuzhou Prison has continuously increased the investment in supervision and security infrastructure, successively invested more than 2 million yuan, completed the construction of digital monitoring system, access control system, electronic patrol system and other functional systems, reformed the power grid high-voltage alarm system, implemented the prison management information system, and initially realized the standardization of criminal management education, digitization of detention facilities, and openness of assessment rewards and punishments, thus reducing the impact of human factors on assessment rewards and punishments. In places prone to security risks, such as relatives' gatherings and privileged meetings, we use advanced computer and network technology to monitor and record conversations in real time and transmit them to any places that need this information through the network. On the basis of advanced management, the home telephone is automatically controlled, and the outgoing telephone number is identified by computer program, and the relatives of prisoners are not prohibited from dialing, which reduces the workload of the police and improves the quality and effect of management. The application of these technologies has played a great role in improving the enthusiasm of criminals, maintaining the order of prison reform and ensuring the safety of supervision, laying a solid foundation for our prison to achieve the goal of "three noes" for 15 years in a row.
4. It is beneficial to improve the transformation quality.
The core goal of prison is to improve the quality of prisoners' reform and prevent and reduce crimes, so all the work of prison must take improving the quality of reform as the starting point and the final destination. Implementing the informatization construction of prison work is to improve the quality of criminal reform by using modern scientific and technological means on the basis of making full use of traditional reform means. At present, Xuzhou prison uses the prison discipline information system in the reform of prisoners, and manages the whole process from prison management, penalty execution, education reform, living hygiene, score assessment and other aspects. At the same time, actively explore the deepening and extension of information technology in other management aspects such as psychological counseling and correction of prisoners. We have installed some psychological testing software such as COPA-PI, EPQ, Kada (16PF) and Minnesota (MMPI) in the microcomputer, which can be used for individual testing and batch processing. We also set up prisoners' psychological files in the microcomputer and share them with the prisons through the network, which provides reference and basis for the police to carry out individual education and psychological counseling. We plan to provide psychological counseling and treatment for prisoners through online video, using psychological counselors and social forces.
5. It is beneficial to accept social supervision and enhance the civilized image of the prison.
Prison is the window of the society, so we should publicize the prison to the society, let the society know about the prison, dare to accept social supervision, and create an external environment conducive to the development of the prison. Through the construction of the open system of prison affairs, relatives of prisoners and other people from all walks of life can know more timely and accurately the dynamic information of national laws and regulations, prison policies, prison news and so on. , to avoid information interruption and loss caused by poor information, to eliminate the misunderstanding of prisoners' relatives and the public, so as to establish a good image of the prison and win the support of all sectors of society for prison work. In Xuzhou prison, we use touch screen, LED electronic display screen and other means, with prison discipline information system as the main data source. Let the relatives of prisoners know about the laws and prison regulations, and at the same time, know all aspects of their sentences in real time, so as to achieve the purpose of relatives helping and educating. Through electronic display screens distributed in different parts, prisoners can be educated, publicized and released with information.
6. It is beneficial to improve the management level of prison production.
The application of computer and network technology in the process of production and operation is multifaceted: using computer-aided design can shorten the product design cycle and reduce the errors caused by manual drawing; Use the network to realize the rapid transmission of information and arrange production tasks reasonably; Use computers to manage prisoners' labor, realize the refinement and quantification of assessment, ensure the openness, fairness and justice of assessment rewards and punishments, and improve the enthusiasm of criminals; Use the Internet to publish product information and give timely information feedback, so as to enhance the rapid response ability of prison enterprises to production, improve product visibility and market competitiveness, and promote the rapid development of prison economy. In this regard, our Xuzhou prison has a deep understanding. As early as before 1997, Xuzhou Prison used computers to assist in product design, process design and financial management, freeing engineers and technicians from heavy manual drawing work, shortening the design cycle of products and processes by 2/3 and improving the design accuracy. Among them, the CAD technology application system won the first prize of computer technology application of Jiangsu Prison Administration 1997. Since then, the prison has continuously increased technical and financial investment, and implemented CAPP system and logistics management system. At present, only in terms of product and process design, there are more than 50 high-performance computers running on the Internet. On this basis, the prison invested a lot of money and manpower to fully implement and apply ERP, a scientific, systematic and practical enterprise management tool, in production management. Its successful application has made our prison systematic, efficient and operable in logistics management, planning management, capacity balance and simulated production scheduling, which greatly shortened the production cycle, reduced the cost and inventory, and ensured the delivery time, thus improving the rapid response ability of prison enterprises to the market and product market.
Five, some experiences of prison information construction.
In recent years, with the care and support of higher authorities and leaders at all levels, and with the joint efforts of all police officers, Xuzhou Prison has made some useful explorations and attempts in the application of prison work information, and achieved certain results. The network platform is gradually established, and the concept of informatization is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. It is a digital platform based on computer network, which integrates communication network system, prison management information system, multimedia digital security system, audio-visual education system and labor organization management system. While achieving good results, reviewing the course of China's informatization construction, we realize that:
1. Without an excellent prison leadership with an open mind, there would be no achievements in prison informatization;
2. There is no professional team dedicated to the informatization of prison work, and relying solely on the investment of funds and the participation of companies in society can not be well combined with the reality of prison work, nor can it be regarded as the success of informatization;
3. A good application environment is the basis for the successful implementation of informatization, and persistent application training and practical system guarantee are the prerequisites for the success of informatization construction of prison work;
4. Applications generate demand. All functional systems are implemented for specific applications. The informatization construction of prison work is not a vase, nor a performance project, but an urgent need of prison work in the new period. What I want to do and the informatization I want to do are two levels of things, which can't be mentioned in the same breath.
5. Appropriate financial input is the basis of informatization. Informatization is a long-term project, and we should be willing to invest.
6. The informatization construction of prison work is the only way for the development of prison work in the new period.