A, completes the waterproof base plugging
The waterproof and plugging layer is attached to the main structure. In order to prevent water leakage, we must control the quality of grass-roots units. It directly affects the quality of waterproof and plugging layer, the rigidity, flatness and strength of the main structure and leveling layer, the slope of the surface layer, the perfect appearance without sand, peeling and cracks, and the qualified moisture content of the base is the key to ensure the quality of waterproof and plugging layer, which must be strictly controlled. If the quality of grass-roots unit is unqualified, the construction of the next working procedure shall not be stopped. That is to say, there should be no bulge, sand, honeycomb, wood, paper scraps, sludge and pebbles at the interface that follows the waterproof and plugging data, and it should not be made on loose and weak surfaces. The reason is that the adhesion is poor, coupled with the destruction of solar ultraviolet rays, the building itself expands with heat and contracts with cold, and the water vapor pressure is destroyed, which is easy to form a waterproof and plugging layer. The waterproof and plugging project of open-pit operation is greatly affected by climate. Weather such as wind, frost, rain and snow will affect the construction quality of waterproof and plugging layer. If the waterproof plugging layer is completed, the next construction procedure should be entered as soon as possible to prevent the waterproof plugging layer material from being damaged due to too long distance. After the construction, irrigation test can be carried out, and no leakage can be detected before covering up. Because once the water leaks, although it has been impervious, it is dense and sparse, and a tiny gap may become the outlet of the water leakage. Form unnecessary losses. In the construction, as long as we pay special attention to the construction quality and do a good job of prevention, we can truly become the strong backing of good design and ensure the overall quality of the project.
Second, how to choose materials is the key to building waterproof and plugging.
Waterproof and plugging engineering plays a very important role in building engineering, and the leakage problem of buildings is one of the more prominent problems in engineering construction. According to statistics, about 60% of buildings in our country have different degrees of leakage, and the annual cost for building leakage also exceeds 1 100 million. Waterproof and plugging materials are one of the main reasons for building leakage. Any kind of waterproof and plugging data has its similarity and applicability, so how to choose the data is an important topic. At present, building waterproof and plugging materials are mainly divided into two categories: one is flexible waterproof and plugging materials, such as three types of materials, JS composite materials, polyurethane waterproof and plugging materials, waterproof and plugging glue and other emulsion polymer waterproof and plugging materials.
These materials mainly wrap the base surface to prevent water seepage and infiltration, and these materials have certain elongation and tensile ability. The only defect is that these materials have a certain waterproof and plugging life, that is, waterproof and plugging life. These materials are widely used in roofs, bathrooms, expansion joints, water outlets, masonry and other foundation surfaces. Second, rigid waterproof and plugging materials: Wang Wen is meaningful and has high strength, but lacks elongation and tensile capacity, but waterproof and plugging life is long, and the construction is the same as concrete, such as water leakage, cement-based soaking crystallization, soaking waterproof and plugging agent, permanent solidification liquid, etc. They use the porosity of the concrete structure to show through the pores, and use the hydrophilicity to infiltrate into the concrete with water as the carrier, so as to form crystals, thus blocking the pores to achieve the effect of waterproof and plugging, and increasing the strength of concrete. These materials are widely used in public rooms, toilets, sewage pools, water storage tanks, and can also be directly used in drinking water pools. Therefore, nowadays, ordinary buildings with high requirements for waterproof and plugging will adopt the waterproof and plugging scheme of combining rigidity with flexibility in design.
Three, do a good job in common parts of waterproof plugging
The waterproof and plugging works of buildings are mainly concentrated in four common parts: roof, bay, external wall and bathroom.
(1), Roof: Due to long-term exposure of the roof, sunlight, rain and snow will directly corrode the roof, and the roof panel will also expand and contract due to seasonal and day-and-night temperature changes. Therefore, waterproof materials with good durability, strong aging resistance, certain extensibility and high heat resistance should be selected first, such as polyester tire modified asphalt waterproofing membrane, PVC waterproofing membrane, EPDM waterproofing membrane or waterproof asphalt linoleum.
(2) Openness: Since the open-pit project has been in a wet state for a long time, the temperature difference has not changed much, so in addition to the multi-channel fortification of "combining rigidity with flexibility", flexible waterproof materials with good corrosion resistance and long service life should be selected, such as glass fiber tires and polyester tire modified asphalt coiled materials.
(3) External wall: During the implementation of external wall waterproof and plugging project, the focus of work is all kinds of pipes passing through the external wall, all kinds of embedded parts on the external wall, and between windows. Waterproof and plugging works in these locations are suitable for waterproof and plugging materials with good aging resistance. Such as silicone chemical synthesis data.
(4) Bathroom: The public area of the bathroom is small, but there are many yin and yang angles, and there are many pipes passing through the floor. It is more difficult to construct waterproof coiled materials and plates. Generally, waterproof and plugging coating should be adopted, which is cumbersome and quick to construct, and its coating can form an integral seamless coating with guaranteed quality, such as polymer cement waterproof and plugging coating, modified asphalt coating and polyurethane waterproof and plugging coating. In short, the implementation of waterproof and plugging projects in different parts varies from place to place, and the most suitable waterproof and plugging materials are adopted, so that the waterproof and plugging projects are focused from beginning to end and the effect is obvious. This not only ensures the construction time of the project, but also ensures the overall quality and service life of the project. It can be said that get twice the result with half the effort, improve efficiency and create benefits.
Fourth, do a good job in professional maintenance of buildings.
Building waterproof and plugging project has strong professional and technical requirements for the construction team. The construction team with relevant professional knowledge of waterproof and plugging is the guarantee of waterproof and plugging engineering quality. After the implementation of waterproof and plugging project, timely maintenance and professional maintenance of waste products can make waterproof and plugging materials give full play to their various properties. For example, the adhesion to the body, elastic elongation, water permeability, compressive strength, tear strength, weather resistance, aging resistance, adhesion of exterior wall decoration materials, etc. are fully displayed. The smooth implementation and completion of the waterproof and plugging project is the beginning of the maintenance of the waterproof and plugging project and the delivery period of the service life of the building. Then professional and profound waterproof and plugging knowledge and technology also highlight its irreplaceable value at this time. The potential value of the whole project, or the life of the building, depends to some extent on whether the later professional maintenance can be timely and effective.
Common problems such as engineering leakage, waterproof and plugging have seriously affected the normal use of users, but they are not inevitable. As long as we understand the idea of "design is the premise, data is the foundation, construction is the key, and management is the guarantee" in the implementation of waterproof and plugging engineering, we will definitely achieve the expected goal by strictly controlling the quality of each process and taking targeted prevention and control measures in the construction of waterproof and plugging engineering.
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